Abstract:
Process for the continuous hydrogenation of a carboxylic acid (I) to an alcohol (II) by means of hydrogen at a temperature of from 100 to 300° C. and a pressure of 10 to 33 MPa abs in a reactor tube through which axial flow occurs and which has a fixed-bed catalyst which is fixed therein and comprises at least one element from the group consisting of Re, Co and Cu, and in which the carboxylic acid (I) to be hydrogenated is present in a liquid mixture (III) comprising the carboxylic acid (I), water and alcohol (II), where the mixture (III) has an acid number of from 0.2 to 25 mg KOH/g and comprises at least 15% by weight of water and at least 20% by weight of alcohol (II) and the flow velocity of the flowing liquid calculated on the basis of the geometric cross-sectional area of the empty, catalyst-free reactor tube is from 10 to 50 m/h.
Abstract:
Process for purifying N-alkylpyrrolidones which due to a previous use comprise at least one of the impurities of the formula I or II where R is hydrogen or a C1-C20-alkyl group, wherein a basic compound is added to the N-alkylpyrrolidone to be purified and the temperature of the mixture is at least 80° C. not more than 20 minutes after addition of the basic compound and N-alkylpyrrolidone is distilled off from the mixture obtained.
Abstract:
A process for decomposing formates in formate-containing compositions of matter comprises reacting formate-containing compositions of matter in the presence of at least one heterogeneous catalyst comprising lanthanum and at a temperature of from 80 to 180° C. and a pressure of from 0.1 to 60 bar, the formate-containing compositions of matter having a pH of from 6.5 to 10.
Abstract:
Provided herein is a novel process for producing shaped catalyst bodies in which a mixture having aluminum contents of Al±0 in the range from 80 to 99.8% by weight, based on the mixture used, is used to form a specific intermetallic phase, shaped catalyst bodies obtainable by the process of the invention, a process for producing an active catalyst fixed bed including the shaped catalyst bodies provided herein, the active catalyst fixed beds and also the use of these active catalyst fixed beds for the hydrogenation of organic hydrogenatable compounds or for formate degradation.
Abstract:
A process produces a mono vinyl ether, R—O—CH═CH2. R represents an organic group with at least three carbon atoms. The process involves reacting a mono hydroxy compound. R—OH, with acetylene in presence of a catalyst to get a product mixture containing the mono vinyl ether, unconverted mono hydroxy compound, and the catalyst. To the product mixture, an ester is added that contains at least one ester group, X—O2C—. X is a hydrocarbon group containing less carbon atoms than R. The remaining mono hydroxy compound R—OH is reacted with the ester in the presence of the catalyst to get a transesterification product containing at least one ester group, R—O2C—, and an alcohol, X—OH. The mono vinyl ether is isolated from the product mixture obtained after the ester addition, optionally followed by purification of the mono vinyl ether by distillation.
Abstract:
Described herein is a process for providing a catalytically active fixed bed for hydrogenation of organic compounds, in which a fixed bed including monolithic shaped bodies as catalyst supports or consisting of monolithic shaped bodies is introduced into a reactor and the fixed bed is then contacted with at least one catalyst or a precursor thereof. The fixed beds laden with a catalyst that are obtained in this way are especially suitable for the hydrogenation of organic compounds in the presence of CO, wherein the conversion is at least 90%. They are notable in that only a very small proportion, if any, of the catalyst introduced is released into the reaction medium.
Abstract:
Method for preparing 1,4-butanediol having an APHA color index of less than 30 by treating substance mixtures comprising 1,4-butanediol by distillation of the 1,4-butanediol in the presence of complex hydrides.
Abstract:
Processes for preparing tetrahydrofuran and/or butane-1,4-diol and/or gamma-butyrolactone are provided, including a process for preparing tetrahydrofuran (THF) from succinic acid that has been obtained by conversion of biomass, by conversion of the succinic acid to succinic anhydride, and hydrogenation of the succinic anhydride, with removal of certain secondary components.
Abstract:
Process for purifying N-alkylpyrrolidones which due to a previous use comprise at least one of the impurities of the formula I or II where R is hydrogen or a C1-C20-alkyl group, wherein a basic compound is added to the N-alkylpyrrolidone to be purified and the temperature of the mixture is at least 80° C. not more than 20 minutes after addition of the basic compound and N-alkylpyrrolidone is distiiied off from the mixture obtained.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for the work-up of polymer solutions comprising N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and a polymer where the polymer solution is hydrogenated with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst.The present invention also relates to the product obtainable from said process, and to its use for producing, in particular, polyarylene ether products.