公开(公告)号：US20130064756A1

公开(公告)日：2013-03-14

申请号：US13697378

申请日：2011-05-09

Applicant: Amalio Garrido Escudero

Inventor： Amalio Garrido Escudero

IPC: B01J7/00 ,  C01B3/08

CPC classification number: C01B3/08 ,  B01J4/008 ,  B01J10/005 ,  C01B3/10 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  H01M8/04208 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02E60/36 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: A hydrogen generating system and a method of in situ hydrogen generation controlled on demand capable of reacting an aluminum-free metal reagent composed of at least one of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, alkali metal alloys and blends including alkali metals, alkaline earth metal alloys and blends including alkaline earth metals and metal alloys including at least one alkali metal and at least one alkaline earth metal, with water to obtain hydrogen and a residual reaction product including metal hydroxide composed of at least one of alkali hydroxides and alkaline earth hydroxide; and separating hydrogen from the residual reaction product; liquefying the metal reagent by heating to obtain liquid metal reagent under vacuum conditions; injecting the liquid metal reagent into a reactor by metal reagent injecting means and simultaneously injecting, by water injection system, a stoichiometric amount of water with respect to the amount of the liquid metal reagent being injected into the reactor such that a controlled metal reagent/water ratio is maintained in the reactor; transferring hydrogen and the residual reaction product from the reactor to separation means; separating hydrogen from the residual reaction product; transferring separated hydrogen to hydrogen receiving means and transferring the residual reaction product to metal hydroxide receiving means, keeping the metal reagent injecting means water injection system, the reactor, the separating means and the hydrogen receiving means free of oxygen by selectively providing a vacuum in the system.

Abstract translation: 一种根据需要控制的氢发生系统和原位氢生成方法，其能够使由碱金属，碱土金属，碱金属合金和碱金属，碱土金属合金中的至少一种构成的无铝金属试剂反应 以及包括碱土金属和包括至少一种碱金属和至少一种碱土金属的金属合金与水的共混物以获得氢，以及包含由至少一种碱金属氢氧化物和碱土金属氢氧化物组成的金属氢氧化物的残余反应产物; 并从残余反应产物中分离出氢; 通过加热液化金属试剂，在真空条件下得到液态金属试剂; 通过金属试剂注入装置将液态金属试剂注入反应器，同时通过注水系统相对于注入反应器的液态金属试剂的量同时喷射化学计量的水，使得受控的金属试剂/水 比例保持在反应器中; 将氢和残留的反应产物从反应器转移到分离装置; 从残余反应产物中分离氢; 将分离的氢气转移到氢气接收装置，并将残留的反应产物转移到金属氢氧化物接收装置，通过选择性地提供真空来保持金属试剂注入装置注水系统，反应器，分离装置和氢接收装置不含氧 系统。

公开(公告)号：US20130020236A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-24

申请号：US13188121

申请日：2011-07-21

Applicant: Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

Inventor： Terry D. Turner ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC: C10G1/04 ,  B01L3/00 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/2415 ,  B01J4/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/04 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/06 ,  C01B2203/1005 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C10G1/083 ,  C10G2400/26 ,  C10J3/57 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J2300/0913 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0986 ,  C10J2300/1246 ,  C10J2300/1807

Abstract: Reactors for carrying out a chemical reaction, as well as related components, systems and methods are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a reactor is provided that includes a furnace and a crucible positioned for heating by the furnace. A downtube is disposed at least partially within the interior crucible along an axis. At least one structure is coupled with the downtube and extends substantially across the cross-sectional area of the interior volume taken in a direction substantially perpendicular to the axis. A plurality of holes is formed in the structure enabling fluid flow therethrough. The structure coupled with the downtube may include a lower body portion and an upper body portion coupled with the lower body portion, wherein the plurality of holes is formed in the lower body portion adjacent to, and radially outward from, a periphery of the upper body portion.

Abstract translation: 提供了进行化学反应的反应器，以及相关组件，系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种反应器，其包括炉子和定位用于通过炉子加热的坩埚。 下管至少部分地沿轴线设置在内坩埚内。 至少一个结构与下管耦合并且基本上跨过沿基本上垂直于轴线的方向截取的内部容积的横截面积。 在结构中形成多个孔，使得流体能够流过其中。 与下部管结合的结构可以包括下主体部分和与下主体部分联接的上主体部分，其中多个孔形成在下主体部分中，与上身体的周边相邻并且径向向外 一部分。

公开(公告)号：US20130020232A1

公开(公告)日：2013-01-24

申请号：US13188202

申请日：2011-07-21

Applicant: Terry D. Turner ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

Inventor： Terry D. Turner ,  Bradley C. Benefiel ,  Dennis N. Bingham ,  Kerry M. Klingler ,  Bruce M. Wilding

IPC: C07C27/10 ,  B01L99/00 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: C01B3/348 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/246 ,  B01J2204/002 ,  B01J2219/00157 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/0277 ,  C01B2203/0216

Abstract: Reactors for carrying out a chemical reaction, as well as related components, systems and methods are provided. In accordance with one embodiment, a reactor is provided that includes a furnace and a crucible positioned for heating by the furnace. The crucible may contain a molten salt bath. A downtube is disposed at least partially within the interior crucible along an axis. The downtube includes a conduit having a first end in communication with a carbon source and an outlet at a second end of the conduit for introducing the carbon material into the crucible. At least one opening is formed in the conduit between the first end and the second end to enable circulation of reaction components contained within the crucible through the conduit. An oxidizing material may be introduced through a bottom portion of the crucible in the form of gas bubbles to react with the other materials.

Abstract translation: 提供了进行化学反应的反应器，以及相关组件，系统和方法。 根据一个实施例，提供了一种反应器，其包括炉子和定位用于通过炉子加热的坩埚。 坩埚可以包含熔盐浴。 下管至少部分地沿轴线设置在内坩埚内。 下管包括导管，其具有与碳源连通的第一端和用于将碳材料引入坩埚的第二端处的出口。 在第一端和第二端之间的管道中形成至少一个开口，以使得包含在坩埚内的反应部件能够通过导管循环。 氧化材料可以以气泡的形式通过坩埚的底部引入，以与其它材料反应。

公开(公告)号：US08021624B2

公开(公告)日：2011-09-20

申请号：US12523180

申请日：2008-01-14

Applicant: Andreas Wölfert ,  Herald Jachow ,  Heinz Drieβ

Inventor： Andreas Wölfert ,  Herald Jachow ,  Heinz Drieβ

IPC: B01J8/44 ,  C01B17/00 ,  C01B17/33

CPC classification number: C01B17/162 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/0053 ,  B01J19/242

Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor (1) and a process for continuously preparing H2S by converting a reactant mixture which comprises essentially gaseous sulfur and hydrogen over a catalyst, comprising a sulfur melt (9) at least in a lower subregion (8) of the reactor (1), into which gaseous hydrogen is introduced. The catalyst is arranged in at least one U-shaped tube (21) which is partly in contact with the sulfur melt (9), the at least one U-shaped tube (21) having at least one entry orifice (23) on a limb (26) above the sulfur melt (9), through which the reactant mixture can enter the U-shaped tube (21) from a reactant region (10) of the reactor (1), having a flow path within the at least one U-shaped tube, along which the reactant mixture can be converted in a reaction region comprising the catalyst (22), and having at least one exit orifice (24) in another limb (27) through which a product can exit into a product region (7).

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种反应器（1）和通过将包含基本上气态的硫和氢的反应物混合物转化成催化剂来连续制备H 2 S的方法，所述催化剂包含至少在下部（8）中的硫熔体（9） 反应器（1），其中引入气态氢。 该催化剂被布置在至少一个与硫熔体（9）接触的U形管（21）中，该至少一个U形管（21）具有至少一个入口孔（23） 所述硫磺熔体（9）上方的所述四肢（26），所述反应物混合物可从所述反应物区域（10）从所述反应物区域（10）进入所述U形管（21），所述反应物区域（10）具有在所述至少一个 U形管，反应物混合物沿着该反应物混合物可以在包含催化剂（22）的反应区域中转化，并且在另一个分支（27）中具有至少一个出口孔（24），产品可以通过该出口孔排出到产品区域 （7）。

公开(公告)号：US20110117004A1

公开(公告)日：2011-05-19

申请号：US12910447

申请日：2010-10-22

Applicant: David C. LAMONT ,  James SEABA ,  Edward G. LATIMER ,  Alexandru PLATON

Inventor： David C. LAMONT ,  James SEABA ,  Edward G. LATIMER ,  Alexandru PLATON

IPC: C01B31/20 ,  C01G31/02 ,  C01G45/02 ,  C01G3/02 ,  C01G39/02 ,  C01G29/00 ,  B01J19/00

CPC classification number: C01G39/02 ,  B01J10/005 ,  C01G3/02 ,  C01G29/00 ,  C01G31/02 ,  C01G45/02 ,  F23C2900/99008 ,  Y02E20/346

Abstract: A closed loop combustion system for the combustion of fuels using a molten metal oxide bed.

Abstract translation: 一种用于燃烧使用熔融金属氧化物床的燃料的闭环燃烧系统。

公开(公告)号：US20100129287A1

公开(公告)日：2010-05-27

申请号：US12292722

申请日：2008-11-25

Applicant: Kamiel Samy Gabriel ,  Zholin Wang ,  Greg Naterer

Inventor： Kamiel Samy Gabriel ,  Zholin Wang ,  Greg Naterer

IPC: C01B3/08 ,  B01J7/02 ,  C25B9/00

CPC classification number: B01J10/005 ,  B01J7/00 ,  B01J8/002 ,  B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/0453 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00752 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/068 ,  C01B13/0207 ,  C25C1/12 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: A system for producing hydrogen gas from water decomposition using a thermochemical CuCl cycle, the improvement comprising the use of an insulated hydrogen production reactor comprising a reaction chamber and a separation chamber; the reaction chamber having a hydrogen chloride gas inlet and a solid copper inlet; one or more levels provided in the reaction chamber, the number of which is dependant on production scale and pressure drop; each level comprising a perforated plate with associated filter media, the perforations of the plate and media being of decreasing size from top to bottom of the reaction chamber, and being sized to permit downward flow of the hydrogen gas and molten CuCl products, as well as the HCL gas reactant, and to prevent entrainment of solid copper in the molten CuCl; the separation chamber being located below the reaction chamber and being of greater cross section than the reaction chamber and comprising a first hydrogen removal and entrained copper removal zone and a second molten CuCl removal zone; removal of the reaction products being controlled so as to substantially decrease the amount of entrained copper in the molten CuCl; and the first zone having outlets for removal of hydrogen gas and entrained copper particles, with the second zone having an outlet for removal of molten CuCl.

Abstract translation: 使用热化学CuCl循环从水分解产生氢气的系统，其改进包括使用包含反应室和分离室的绝热氢气生产反应器; 反应室具有氯化氢气体入口和固体铜入口; 在反应室中提供一个或多个水平，其数量取决于生产规模和压降; 每个级别包括具有相关过滤介质的多孔板，板和介质的穿孔从反应室的顶部到底部具有减小的尺寸，并且其尺寸允许氢气和熔融的CuCl产物向下流动，以及 HCL气体反应物，并防止在熔融的CuCl中夹带固体铜; 所述分离室位于所述反应室下方并且具有比所述反应室更大的横截面，并且包括第一除氢和夹带的铜去除区和第二熔融的CuCl去除区; 控制反应产物的去除以显着减少熔融的CuCl中夹带的铜的量; 并且第一区域具有用于除去氢气和夹带的铜颗粒的出口，其中第二区域具有用于除去熔融的CuCl的出口。

公开(公告)号：US20090065985A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-12

申请号：US12268227

申请日：2008-11-10

Applicant: Anthony S. Wagner

Inventor： Anthony S. Wagner

IPC: C21C7/00

CPC classification number: B01J19/02 ,  A62D2203/10 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/0066 ,  C22B7/001 ,  C22B9/00 ,  Y02P10/214 ,  Y10S423/12

Abstract: A molten metal reactor quickly entrains a feed material in the molten reactant metal and provides the necessary contact between the molten reactant metal and the feed material to effect the desired chemical reduction of the feed material. The reactor includes a unique feed structure adapted to quickly entrain the feed material into the molten reactant metal and then transfer the molten reactant metal, feed material, and initial reaction products into a treatment chamber. A majority of the desired reactions occur in the treatment chamber. Reaction products and unspent reactant metal are directed from the treatment chamber to an output chamber where reaction products are removed from the reactor. Unspent reactant metal is then transferred to a heating chamber where it is reheated for recycling through the system.

Abstract translation: 熔融金属反应器快速地夹带在熔融反应物金属中的进料，并且在熔融的反应物金属和进料之间提供必要的接触，以实现进料的所需化学还原。 反应器包括独特的进料结构，其适于将进料快速夹入熔融反应物金属中，然后将熔融反应物金属，原料和初始反应产物转移到处理室中。 所需反应的大部分发生在处理室中。 反应产物和未稀释的反应物金属从处理室引导到输出室，其中反应产物从反应器中除去。 未稀释的反应物金属然后被转移到加热室，在那里它被再加热以通过系统再循环。

公开(公告)号：US20070232801A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-04

申请号：US11632246

申请日：2005-07-27

Applicant: Di Bairamijamal

Inventor： Di Bairamijamal

IPC: C07D251/60 ,  B01J19/18 ,  B01J19/24

CPC classification number: C07D251/60 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/1862 ,  B01J19/1875 ,  B01J19/1887 ,  B01J19/245 ,  B01J19/246 ,  B01J19/247 ,  B01J2219/00081 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  Y02P20/582

Abstract: The invention relates to a high pressure method for producing pure melamine by pyrolyzing urea in a vertical synthesis reactor. The synthesis reactor has three stages above one another: a) in the first stage, the smaller portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a first tank reactor forming a first melamine-containing reaction medium; b) in the second stage, the first melamine-containing reaction medium and the larger portion of the total amount of urea is introduced into the central tube of a second tank reactor forming a second melamine-containing reaction medium; c) in the third stage, the second melamine-containing reaction medium is introduced into a vertical tubular flow reactor forming a raw melamine melt that is processed to obtain pure melamine.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过在垂直合成反应器中热解尿素来生产纯三聚氰胺的高压方法。 合成反应器具有三个阶段：a）在第一阶段，将尿素总量的较小部分引入形成第一含三聚氰胺的反应介质的第一罐式反应器的中心管中; b）在第二阶段中，将含有第一含三聚氰胺的反应介质和尿素总量的较大部分引入形成第二含三聚氰胺的反应介质的第二罐式反应器的中心管中; c）在第三阶段中，将第二含三聚氰胺的反应介质引入垂直管式流动反应器中，形成经处理以获得纯三聚氰胺的生三聚氰胺熔体。

公开(公告)号：US07232544B2

公开(公告)日：2007-06-19

申请号：US10492220

申请日：2002-10-07

Applicant: Torfinn Buseth ,  Kenneth Friestad ,  Pal Runde

Inventor： Torfinn Buseth ,  Kenneth Friestad ,  Pal Runde

IPC: C21C5/42

CPC classification number: B01D21/245 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J19/0073 ,  B01J19/244 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/0236 ,  B01J2219/0272 ,  C01B33/037 ,  C01B33/039 ,  Y02P20/149

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for continuous slag treatment of molten silicon for removal of one a more impurity elements from the silicon, the apparatus comprising a vessel (1) intended to contain molten silicon and liquid slag. The vessel (1) has an upwardly extending overflow (4) for slag connected to an outlet opening (3) for slag is the bottom (2) of the vessel, a open-ended pipe (5) arranged about and at a distance from the overflow (4) such than there is an annulus between the pipe (5) and the overflow (4), which pipe (5) extends upwards to a level above the top of the overflow (4) and downwards to the bottom (2) of the vessel, the pipe (5) having at least one opening (6) at the bottom of the vessel (1) a closeable outlet opening (8,9) for treated silicon in the sidewall of the vessel, means (14) for supply of heat energy to the vessel, means for intermittent supply of solid or molten silicon to vessel and means for continuous of substantially continuous supply of solid or liquid slag to the top of the vessel.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于连续熔渣处理熔融硅的装置，用于从硅中除去一种或多种杂质元素，该装置包括用于容纳熔融硅和液态渣的容器（1）。 容器（1）具有向上延伸的用于与出口开口（3）连接的炉渣溢流（4），炉渣是容器的底部（2），开口管（5）围绕和离开 溢流口（4）不是在管道（5）和溢流口（4）之间有一个环，该管道（5）向上延伸到高于溢流口（4）顶部的水平面并向下延伸到底部（2） ），所述管（5）在所述容器（1）的底部具有至少一个开口（6），用于在所述容器的侧壁中处理的硅的可闭合的出口（8,9），所述装置（14） 用于向容器供应热能，用于将固体或熔融硅间歇地供应到容器的装置以及用于连续向容器顶部连续供应固体或液体渣的装置。

公开(公告)号：US06861144B2

公开(公告)日：2005-03-01

申请号：US10030657

申请日：2001-05-09

Applicant: Satoru Wakamatsu ,  Hiroyuki Oda

Inventor： Satoru Wakamatsu ,  Hiroyuki Oda

IPC: B01J10/00 ,  C01B33/03 ,  B32B5/16

CPC classification number: B01J19/24 ,  B01J10/005 ,  B01J2219/0009 ,  B01J2219/00094 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  C01B33/03 ,  Y10S117/902 ,  Y10T117/1016 ,  Y10T117/102 ,  Y10T428/2982

Abstract: Foamed polycrystalline silicon having bubbles therein and an apparent density of 2.20 g/cm3 or less. This silicon generates an extremely small amount of fine grains by crushing and can be easily crushed. There is also provided a method of producing foamed polycrystalline silicon. There is further provided a polycrystalline silicon production apparatus in which the deposition and melting of silicon are carried out on the inner surface of a cylindrical vessel, a chlorosilane feed pipe is inserted into the cylindrical vessel to a silicon molten liquid, and seal gas is supplied into a space between the cylindrical vessel and the chlorosilane feed pipe.

Abstract translation: 具有气泡的发泡多晶硅，表观密度为2.20g / cm 3以下。 该硅通过粉碎产生极少量的细晶粒，并且可以容易地粉碎。 还提供了一种生产泡沫多晶硅的方法。 还提供了一种多晶硅制造装置，其中硅的沉积和熔化在圆柱形容器的内表面上进行，氯硅烷进料管被插入到硅熔融液体的圆柱形容器中，并且供给密封气体 进入圆筒容器和氯硅烷进料管之间的空间。