Abstract:
Disclosed is a process for improved recovery of deionised water from a feed water stream, comprising the steps of (i) delivering the feed water stream in to a capacitive deionisation cell; (ii) measuring the salt concentration of the water exiting the capacitive deionisation cell; (iii) collecting the water exiting the cell, when the salt concentration is lower than a predetermined lower set point, to prepare purified water or rejecting the water exiting the cell when the salt concentration is higher than a predetermined upper set point; wherein the water exiting the cell is recycled with the feed water stream when the salt concentration of the water exiting the cell is between the lower set point and the upper set point. By this process the waste water produced during capacitive deionization can be recycled so as to improve total recovery of water as well as to enhance the life of the electrodes of the capacitive deionisation cell.
Abstract:
A system to prepare an antimicrobial solution by the electrolysis of brine is presented where the antimicrobial solution is a solution comprising HOCl that contains a HOCl concentration in excess of 500 ppm or more at a pH of 6 to 6.8 with a low residual salt concentration and displays a stability in excess of 60 days and can have a HOCl concentration in excess of 450 for 180 days. The system includes an electrolysis cell that is improved by a superior anode and ceramic membrane such that when employed with a DC power supply controlled by a microprocessor and a controlled brine concentration provided to the cell at ambient temperature at a controlled rate, delivers a fluid that is continuously monitored by a pH probe and an ORP probe for input to the microprocessor.
Abstract:
A sterilizing system according to the present invention includes a water supply apparatus provided with a filter unit having a plurality of filters, a water tank storing water purified by the filter unit, a water cock and water tank connection passages, and a sterilizer to sterilize the water supply apparatus, wherein the sterilizer comprises a sterilizing water generator, a circulation pump, a circulation passage, a rinsing water supply passage, a first drain passage and a first drain valve.
Abstract:
Method and apparatus for a low maintenance, high reliability on-site electrolytic generator incorporating automatic cell monitoring for contaminant film buildup, as well as automatically removing or cleaning the contaminant film. This method and apparatus preferably does not require human intervention to clean. For high current density cells, cleaning is preferably performed by reversing the polarity of the electrodes and applying a lower current density to the electrodes, preferably by adjusting the salinity or brine concentration of the electrolyte while keeping the voltage constant. Electrolyte flow preferably comprises water and brine flows which are preferably separately monitored and automatically adjusted. For bipolar cells, flow between modules arranged in parallel is preferably approximately equally distributed between modules and between intermediate electrodes within each module.
Abstract:
A CDI type water treatment apparatus according to the present invention includes: a CDI filter unit which discharges purified water in a purification mode for purifying raw water, discharges recycle water in a recycle mode for recycling electrodes, and includes a water inlet port through which the raw water is introduced and a water outlet port through which the purified water or the recycle water is discharged; a supply unit for supplying the raw water to the CDI filter unit; a dispensing unit for dispensing the purified water to a user; a discharge unit for discharging the recycle water to the outside; a valve unit including a plurality of valves; and a control unit for controlling opening or closing the valves of the valve unit.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to the deionization of liquids through the use of electrodeionization methods and apparatuses. The apparatuses are configured to produce purified liquids having an ion content at a level of parts-per-trillion or less, and to provide continuous regeneration of the ion exchange materials. The apparatuses may be configured according to the desired levels of deionization for anions, cations, or both. Specifically, the present invention relates to an electrodeionization apparatus wherein an initial input port for feed to the apparatus is placed at a location such that feed enters into an anion bed at a location in close proximity to an anion membrane.
Abstract:
Subject: An electrolyzed water generating method and a generator to produce both acidic electrolyzed water free from alkaline-metal chloride (19) and alkaline electrolyzed water free from alkaline-metal chloride (9) by electrolyzing aqueous solution (7) with dissolved alkaline-metal chloride (11). Solution: An electrolyzed water generating method, comprising the steps of anodic electrolyte comprising aqueous solution with dissolved alkaline-metal chloride is supplied and circulated from a storage tank (10) of anodic electrolyte which retains anodic electrolyte to an anode chamber (2) of a two compartment cell (1) separated by a cation exchange membrane (4) into two chambers of an anode chamber (2) accommodating an anode (5) and a cathode chamber (3) accommodating a cathode (6), raw water free from alkaline-metal chloride (7) is supplied to the cathode chamber (3), and electrolysis is carried out, whereby alkaline electrolyzed water free from alkaline-metal chloride at the cathode chamber (3) is produced and simultaneously chlorine containing gas is produced at the anode chamber (2), after the gas is separated (12) and collected from the anodic electrolyte, let it come in contact with dissolution fluid free from alkaline-metal chloride to be dissolved, and acidic electrolyzed water free from alkaline-metal chloride (19) is produced.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to the processing of fluids and/or their carriers. Carriers may comprise pipes, tubes and the like or reservoirs for the distribution and/or storage of fluids. In one form, the present invention relates to a method and apparatus that is suitable for use in the treatment of various fluids, such as water, by introducing at least one chemically active metal into the water and its carriers for disinfection of the water in a controlled manner. The invention also relates to a biasing means for displacement of an electrode arrangement to allow for the introduction of ions into a fluid at a controlled or easily monitored rate that is commensurate with the amount of fluid flow.
Abstract:
Described herein are a method and system for desalinating saltwater using concentration difference energy. A “five stream” dialytic stack is described that can be used to desalinate saltwater at a relatively high recovery ratio. The dialytic stack may include, for example, one or more drive cells having a paired concentrate and a diluent-c chamber in ionic communication with a product chamber that is adjacent to an anion and a cation discharge chamber each filled with diluent-p. The drive cell applies a drive voltage across the product chamber, and when the drive voltage exceeds a desalination voltage of the product chamber, the saltwater in the product chamber is desalinated. The dialytic stack may accept brine discharged from a first desalination plant as saltwater to be desalinated. Processing the brine in the dialytic stack may decrease its volume, decreasing costs associated with treating or otherwise disposing of the brine.
Abstract:
A method for production of disinfectant with active chlorine concentration in the range 0-6000 ppm from a flow through diaphragm-electrolyser with one of the aims to reduce the volume of disinfectant for its transportation to the point of usage.