Abstract:
Disclosed herein are novel fluoroolefins of formula Rf-O—(CF2CF2)n(CH2CF2)m—CH═CH2, wherein n is 1 or 2, m is 0 or 1 and Rf is a C1-C8 fluoroalkyl or fluoroalkoxy group. The fluoroolefins may be oxidized to manufacture fluorinated carboxylic acids. Also disclosed are fluoropolymers comprising copolymerized units of the fluoroolefins of the invention and at least one other fluoromonomer.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and compositions for reducing or inhibiting bone resorption, osteoclast differentiation and stimulation and the loosening of medical prostheses by administering a compound or agent that modulates an adenosine receptor such as the adenosine A2A receptor, in particular, an agonist of an adenosine A2A receptor. The invention also extends to pharmaceutical compositions comprising such an agent that modulates an adenosine receptor such as an adenosine A2A agonist and to prosthetic devices containing such an agent that modulates an adenosine receptor such as an A2A agonist on one or more surfaces or within the prosthetic device such as, for example, suspended in the cement forming the prosthetic device.
Abstract:
Disclosed are partially fluorinated amino acid derivatives useful as organogelators and surface treatment materials to provide oil- and water-repellency properties to substrates. Also disclosed are composite materials, comprising a porous support and a porous nanoweb. The porous nanoweb contains fibrous structures of about 10 nm to about 1000 nm effective average fiber diameter as determined with electron microscopy.
Abstract:
In accordance with this invention, a housing and adaptors to receive a commercial off-the-shelf compact spectrometer was built. The resulting system is particularly adapted for VUV spectrum measurements. Currently portable spectrometer systems have wavelength cutoff at 200 nm or 300 nm, but by adding out invention, we successfully extend this limit to 150 nm. This unit has proven to provide good performance in wavelength region below 200 nm, working under vacuum or purging. In this invention we also performed wavelength and intensity calibration, which makes this instrument ready for immediate industrial manufacture.
Abstract:
A method is provided for calculating an amount of guarantee deposit of a supplier, comprising: providing a server, in which stores a standard guarantee deposit rate table, a defect rate table, a standard defect rate table, a materials table recording a quantity and a unit price of each type of materials; obtaining a standard guarantee deposit rate from the standard rate table; determining a coefficient of the guarantee deposit by obtaining a defect rate and the standard defect rate of the materials respectively from the defect rate table and the standard defect rate table; determining an actual guarantee deposit rate of the materials according to the standard guarantee deposit rate and the coefficient; and calculating an amount of guarantee deposit according to the actual guarantee deposit rate and a quantity and a unit price of the materials obtained from the materials table.
Abstract:
The CORDIC circuit of this invention comprises a buffer memory to record a plurality or a plurality of group of coordinate values; a phase selector to determine a rotation direction according to values recorded in said buffer memory; a rotation calculator to rotate an input coordinate for a predetermined angle and to calculate resulting coordinate value after such rotation; a rotation counter to count number of rotation being made to said input coordinate; and an angle accumulator to accumulate total rotation angle being made to said input coordinate according to value recorded by said rotation counter. The CORDIC circuit of this invention may further comprise a bit selector to shift bits of said input coordinate.
Abstract:
A novel and simplified orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) equalizer uses a coordinate rotation digital computer (CORDIC) to convert the estimated channel effects from rectangular coordinate to polar coordinate and to compensate the phase error with the same CORDIC circuit of synchronization. The OFDM equalizer comprises: a fast Fourier transformer (FFT), to conduct Fourier transformation to received signals to obtain samples of the received signals; a channel estimation circuit to estimate channel effects of a received signal as transformed by the FFT to generate a channel effect estimation value; a coordinate translator, comprising a CORDIC circuit, to translate the channel estimation value into a polar coordinate value; a pilot extractor, provided downstream to the FFT, to extract pilot signals and to track minor phase offsets of the received signal to synchronize phase of said received signal; a phase rotator to compensate phase of the received signal according to the channel estimation value and the phase tracking estimation value, to generate the real value and imaginary value of the phase compensated signal; and an amplitude adjustment circuit to adjust amplitude of the compensated signal according to the amplitude adjustment value of the channel effect estimation value of the channel estimation circuit. In the present invention, the coordinate translator and the phase rotator use the same CORDIC circuit.
Abstract:
A mouth mirror apparatus includes a carrier seat that has first and second receiving spaces and multiple outlet passages embedded in a surrounding wall and intercommunicating the first and second receiving spaces. The mouth mirror apparatus further includes a handle grip cooperating with the carrier seat to define an air inlet passage that communicates with the second receiving space, a mirror body rotatably disposed in the first receiving space, and an impeller connected to the mirror body and driven by air which flows from the air inlet passage. Through combination of the mirror body, the impeller, and the arrangement of the air outlet passages, the mouth mirror apparatus can direct air current to render different functions.
Abstract:
A radiator element for transmission and reception of RF communications formed of a planar conductive material positioned upon a planar dielectric substrate surface. Two lobes formed of the conductive material have side edges abutting a cavity decreasing in cross section between the lobes. The cavity has a widest point configured to receive RF frequencies at the lowest frequency and a narrowest point configured to receive a highest frequency of the element. The widest and narrowest point may be changed during manufacture to fit the frequency spectrum needed. Opposing pairs of recess cavities formed in the side edges of the lobes along the decreasing edges of the cavity enhance the frequency of operation for frequencies paired to the distance between the pairs of notches. Projections are employable along the side edges to optimize impedance.
Abstract:
A communication device including a receiving unit and a decision-making unit is provided. The receiving unit receives a first burst in a paging message provided from a base station. After comparing a signal-to-noise ratio to a threshold, the decision-making unit decides, based on the comparison result, the judging mechanism for judging whether the paging message is a dummy paging message. The signal-to-noise ratio is associated with the channel via which the first burst passed.