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    Reforming apparatus and method
    22.
    发明申请
    Reforming apparatus and method 有权
    重整设备及方法

    公开(公告)号：US20080244975A1

    公开(公告)日：2008-10-09

    申请号：US12157695

    申请日：2008-06-11

    Applicant: Anthony M. Johnston

    Inventor： Anthony M. Johnston

    IPC: C01B3/38

    CPC classification number: C01B3/34 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2465 ,  B01J2219/2475 ,  B01J2219/2477 ,  B01J2219/2497 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0216 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0495 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/143 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/147 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  Y02P20/129

    Abstract: A multiple adiabatic bed reforming apparatus and process are disclosed in which stage-wise combustion, in combination with multiple reforming chambers with catalyst, utilize co-flow and cross-flow under laminar flow conditions, to provide a reformer suitable for smaller production situations as well as large scale production. A passive stage by stage fuel distribution network suitable for low pressure fuel is incorporated and the resistances in successive fuel distribution lines control the amount of fuel delivered to each combustion stage. The fuel distribution system allows relatively constant fuel and air flow during turn up or turn down conditions. High efficiency is achieved by capturing heat from reforming syngas product to preheat gases before entering the reformer. Conditions that would produce unwanted coking or metal dusting are also eliminated or localized to locations within the apparatus outside the heat exchangers, but which locations can be cost effectively protected. Also, a chemical reactor is disclosed and which has a core composed of a stack of metal plates that are diffusion bonded in face-to-face relationship. A plurality of reaction zones are located within the core, as are a plurality of catalyst receiving zones, and both the reaction zones and the catalyst receiving zones are defined by respective aligned apertures in the plates. First and second channel arrangements are provided in the plates for transporting first and second reactants to reaction zones. Portions of the first channel arrangement that interconnect the reaction zones are formed as heat exchange channels. A third channel arrangement is provided in the plates for transporting a third reactant to catalyst receiving zones. Portions of the third channel arrangement are formed as heat exchange channels in proximity to the heat exchange channels of the first channel arrangement.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种多重绝热床重整设备和方法，其中阶段式燃烧与多个具有催化剂的重整室结合，在层流条件下利用共流和交叉流动，以提供适合于较小生产情况的重整器 作为大规模生产。 并入适用于低压燃料的被动分级燃料分配网络，并且连续的燃料分配线路中的电阻控制输送到每个燃烧阶段的燃料量。 燃料分配系统允许在上升或下降条件期间相对恒定的燃料和空气流动。 通过在进入重整器之前将重整合成气产物的热量捕获到预热气体可实现高效率。 将产生不希望的焦化或金属粉尘的条件也被消除或定位于热交换器外的设备内的位置，但哪些位置可以有成本的保护。 此外，公开了一种化学反应器，其具有由以面对面的关系扩散接合的金属板堆叠构成的芯。 多个反应区位于芯内，多个催化剂接收区也是如此，并且反应区和催化剂接收区都由板中相应对准的孔限定。 在用于将第一和第二反应物输送到反应区的板中提供第一和第二通道布置。 将反应区域互连的第一通道装置的部分形成为热交换通道。 第三通道装置设置在板中，用于将第三反应物输送到催化剂接收区。 第三通道装置的部分形成为靠近第一通道装置的热交换通道的热交换通道。

    Reactor device having an enclosure made of refractory material and a containment envelope for bringing about chemical reactions requiring heat exchange
    24.
    发明授权
    Reactor device having an enclosure made of refractory material and a containment envelope for bringing about chemical reactions requiring heat exchange 失效
    具有由耐火材料制成的外壳的反应器装置和用于引起需要热交换的化学反应的容纳外壳

    公开(公告)号：US07264782B2

    公开(公告)日：2007-09-04

    申请号：US10087981

    申请日：2002-03-05

    Applicant: Luc Nougier ,  Eric Lenglet

    Inventor： Luc Nougier ,  Eric Lenglet

    IPC: B01J19/00

    CPC classification number: C01B17/0495 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2219/00081 ,  B01J2219/00135 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2458 ,  B01J2219/2467 ,  B01J2219/2493 ,  C07C4/04 ,  C07C5/32 ,  C10G9/18

    Abstract: Reactor device (R) for carrying out chemical reactions requiring heat exchange, the reactor is elongate along an axis (XX′), and has, at a first end, at least one orifice (16) for supplying at least one reactant, at an opposite end, at least one orifice (18) for evacuating the effluents formed, a plurality of heat exchangers (12) separated by at least one internal partition (14) and passages for circulating the reactant or reactants and/or effluents, provided between the heat exchangers and the internal partitions. The reactor (R) has at least one enclosure (10) made of refractory material providing heat insulation and containing a heat exchangers (12) and internal partitions (14). The enclosure is contained in an envelope (20) to contain the reactant or reactants and/or effluents circulating inside the reactor.

    Abstract translation: 用于进行需要热交换的化学反应的反应器装置（R），所述反应器沿着轴线（XX'）是细长的，并且在第一端具有用于供应至少一种反应物的至少一个孔口（16） 至少一个用于排出形成的流出物的孔口（18），由至少一个内部隔板（14）分开的多个热交换器（12）和用于使反应物或反应物和/或流出物循环的通道， 热交换器和内部隔板。 反应器（R）具有由耐火材料制成的至少一个外壳（10），其提供隔热并且包含热交换器（12）和内部隔板（14）。 外壳包含在封套（20）中以容纳在反应器内循环的反应物或反应物和/或流出物。

    Reactor for high-temperature reactions and use
    28.
    发明申请
    Reactor for high-temperature reactions and use 有权
    反应器用于高温反应和使用

    公开(公告)号：US20040191718A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-09-30

    申请号：US10806289

    申请日：2004-03-23

    Inventor： Bernd Bartenbach

    IPC: F23D001/00

    CPC classification number: B01J19/02 ,  B01J12/005 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J2219/00015 ,  B01J2219/00121 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00166 ,  B01J2219/0218 ,  C07C2/78 ,  C07C11/24

    Abstract: The invention relates to a reactor (1) having a supply of a reaction mixture via channels (2) of a burner block (3) in a reaction chamber (4), a high temperature reaction having a short residence time taking place in the reaction chamber (4) and the reaction mixture then being rapidly cooled in a quench area (5). In the reactor (1), all surfaces delineating the reaction chamber (4) are formed from a fire-resistant ceramic having an alumina content of at least 80% by weight, which is stable at reaction temperature.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种通过反应室（4）中的燃烧器块（3）的通道（2）供应反应混合物的反应器（1），在反应中发生短停留时间的高温反应 室（4），然后将反应混合物在骤冷区域（5）中快速冷却。 在反应器（1）中，描绘反应室（4）的所有表面由氧化铝含量至少为80重量％的耐火陶瓷形成，其在反应温度下是稳定的。

    Apparatus for gasifying solid fuel
    30.
    发明申请
    Apparatus for gasifying solid fuel 审中-公开
    用于气化固体燃料的装置

    公开(公告)号：US20040060236A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-04-01

    申请号：US10250681

    申请日：2003-07-17

    Inventor： Kunio Yoshikawa ,  Narumi Suzuki

    IPC: C10J003/20

    CPC classification number: C01B3/382 ,  B01J6/008 ,  B01J8/0242 ,  B01J12/005 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0872 ,  C01B2203/1235 ,  C01B2203/84 ,  C10B49/02 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/16 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/66 ,  C10J2200/15 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0993 ,  C10J2300/1215 ,  C10J2300/1606 ,  C10J2300/1671 ,  F23G5/027 ,  F23G5/0276 ,  F23G2201/301 ,  F23G2201/40 ,  F23G2900/50204 ,  Y02E50/10 ,  Y02E50/30

    Abstract: The present invention provides a relatively small scale apparatus for gasifying solid fuel in which pyrolysis gas produced in a pyrolyzer by thermal-decomposition reaction of the solid fuel can be reformed to crude fuel gas. The apparatus comprises a solid fuel pyrolyzer 1 and a steam reformer 5, and thermally decomposes the solid fuel with a combustion reaction of a low oxygen density to produce the pyrolysis gas, and reforms the pyrolysis gas to produce the crude fuel gas. The pyrolyzer has an air inlet 18 positioned at a bottom part thereof and upwardly blowing combustion air into the pyrolyzer; a bed of pyrolyzer 30 located above the air inlet; and a pyrolysis gas exit positioned at an upper part of a body of the pyrolyzer and conducting the pyrolysis gas out of the pyrolyzer. The bed is made by a layered stack of many spherical heat-resistant materials 32 which form a number of narrow gaps for draft of the combustion air over the whole bed. The steam reformer has a reforming area 51 which produces the crude fuel gas by a steam reforming reaction of the pyrolysis gas, a pyrolysis gas inlet 55 which is in communication with the pyrolysis gas exit and which introduces the pyrolysis gas into the reforming area, a mixed gas inlet 54 introducing mixed gas of steam and air into the reforming area, a reformed gas effluent passage 70 for conducting reformed gas of the reforming area out of the reformer, and a permeable heat-barrier 60 positioned between the reforming area and the reformed gas effluent passage. The barrier is made by a layered stack of many spherical heat-resistant materials 62 which form a number of narrow gaps for draft of the pyrolysis gas and the mixed gas.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于气化固体燃料的相对较小规模的装置，其中通过固体燃料的热分解反应在热解器中产生的热解气可以重整成原油燃料气体。 该装置包括固体燃料热解器1和蒸汽重整器5，并且利用低氧密度的燃烧反应热分解固体燃料以产生裂解气，并且改造热解气体以产生原燃料气体。 热解器具有位于其底部的空气入口18，并将燃烧空气向上吹入热解器; 位于进气口上方的热解器30的床; 以及热解气体出口，其位于热解器的主体的上部并将热解气体导出热解器。 床由多层球形耐热材料32制成，它们在整个床上形成多个用于吸入空气的窄缝隙。 蒸汽重整器具有通过热解气体的蒸汽重整反应产生原燃料气体的重整区域51，与裂解气体出口连通并将热解气体引入重整区域的热解气体入口55， 混合气体入口54将蒸汽和空气的混合气体引入重整区域，将重整区域的重整气体导出重整器的重整气体流出通道70以及位于重整区域和重整区之间的可渗透隔热层60 气体排放通道。 阻挡层由许多球形耐热材料62的层叠叠层制成，其形成用于热解气体和混合气体的通风的多个窄间隙。

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