公开(公告)号：US07346249B2

公开(公告)日：2008-03-18

申请号：US10550095

申请日：2004-03-22

Applicant: Philip St. John Russell ,  Peter John Roberts ,  David Philip Williams

Inventor： Philip St. John Russell ,  Peter John Roberts ,  David Philip Williams

IPC: G02B6/02

CPC classification number: C03B37/0122 ,  B29D11/00721 ,  C03B37/01217 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/16 ,  C03B2203/22 ,  C03B2203/42 ,  G02B6/02347 ,  G02B6/02371 ,  G02B6/0238 ,  G02B6/02385 ,  Y02P40/57

Abstract: Improved photonic band-gap optical fibre The present invention relates in particular to improved photonic band-gap optical fibres that can confine light to a core region of the fibre by the action of both a photonic band-gap cladding and an antiresonant core boundary, at the interface between the core and cladding. According to embodiments of the present invention, a fibre has a core, comprising an elongate region of relatively low refractive index, a photonic bandgap structure arranged to provide a photonic bandgap over a range of wavelengths of light including an operating wavelength of light, the structure, in a transverse cross section of the waveguide, surrounding the core and comprising elongate relatively low refractive index regions interspersed with elongate relatively high refractive index regions and a relatively high refractive index boundary at the interface between the core defect and the photonic bandgap structure, the boundary having a thickness around the core such that the boundary is substantially anti-resonant at the operating wavelength of the fibre. In preferred embodiments, the core boundary is a relatively constant thickness region of glass around a hollow core.

Abstract translation: 改进的光子带隙光纤技术领域本发明特别涉及通过光子带隙包层和反谐振核心边界的作用将光限制在光纤的核心区域的改进的光子带隙光纤， 芯与包层之间的界面。 根据本发明的实施例，光纤具有芯，其包括相对低折射率的细长区域，光子带隙结构被布置成在包括光的工作波长的光的波长范围内提供光子带隙，该结构 在波导的横截面中，围绕芯并且包括细长的相对较低的折射率区域，其散布有细长的相对高的折射率区域和在芯部缺陷和光子带隙结构之间的界面处的相对高的折射率边界， 边界具有围绕芯的厚度，使得边界在纤维的工作波长处基本上反共振。 在优选实施例中，芯边界是围绕中空芯的玻璃相对恒定的厚度区域。

公开(公告)号：US07142756B2

公开(公告)日：2006-11-28

申请号：US10123072

申请日：2002-04-12

Applicant: Emilia Anderson ,  Wesley A. King ,  Yoel Fink ,  Lori Pressman

Inventor： Emilia Anderson ,  Wesley A. King ,  Yoel Fink ,  Lori Pressman

IPC: G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/20 ,  G02B6/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/021 ,  B29D11/00721 ,  C03B37/027 ,  C03B37/02718 ,  C03B37/029 ,  C03B37/0756 ,  C03B2201/10 ,  C03B2201/28 ,  C03B2201/30 ,  C03B2201/32 ,  C03B2201/34 ,  C03B2201/50 ,  C03B2201/54 ,  C03B2201/60 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2201/86 ,  C03B2203/14 ,  C03B2203/16 ,  C03B2203/18 ,  C03B2203/223 ,  C03B2203/225 ,  C03B2203/42 ,  C03B2205/08 ,  C03B2205/09 ,  C03B2205/10 ,  C03B2205/40 ,  C03B2205/72 ,  C03C3/064 ,  C03C3/07 ,  C03C3/072 ,  C03C3/102 ,  C03C3/122 ,  C03C3/142 ,  C03C3/16 ,  C03C3/321 ,  C03C3/326 ,  C03C13/008 ,  C03C13/041 ,  C03C13/042 ,  C03C13/043 ,  C03C13/044 ,  C03C13/046 ,  C03C13/048 ,  C03C25/105 ,  C03C25/1061 ,  G02B6/02 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/02066 ,  G02B6/02123 ,  G02B6/02261 ,  G02B6/023 ,  G02B6/02304 ,  G02B6/03694 ,  G02B6/126 ,  G02B6/29319 ,  G02B6/29356 ,  G02B6/30 ,  G02B6/305 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B6/4206 ,  G02B2006/12116 ,  G02B2006/12195 ,  G02F1/0115 ,  G02F1/365 ,  H01S3/06729

Abstract: In one aspect, the invention features a fiber waveguide having a waveguide axis, including a first portion extending along the waveguide axis, and a second portion different from the first portion extending along the waveguide axis surrounding the first portion, wherein at least one of the first and second portions comprises a chalcogenide glass selected from the group consisting of Selenium chalcogenide glasses and Tellurium chalcogenide glasses, both the first and second portions have a viscosity greater than 103 Poise at some temperature, T, and the fiber waveguide is a photonic crystal fiber.

Abstract translation: 一方面，本发明的特征在于具有波导轴线的光纤波导，其包括沿着波导轴线延伸的第一部分，以及不同于围绕第一部分的波导轴延伸的第一部分的第二部分，其中至少一个 第一和第二部分包括选自硫属硫族化合物玻璃和硫化碲化镉玻璃的硫属化物玻璃，第一和第二部分的粘度大于10℃，在某些温度T和 光纤波导是光子晶体光纤。

公开(公告)号：US20010045109A1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-29

申请号：US09068540

申请日：1998-05-13

Inventor： FREDERIC CHIQUET ,  MARYLISE LE THUAUT ,  JEAN-JACQUES GIRARD ,  PASCAL BANIEL

IPC: C03C003/32

CPC classification number: C03B37/02754 ,  C03B37/01211 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/24 ,  C03B2205/14 ,  C03B2205/16 ,  C03C13/042

Abstract: The invention provides a monomode preform (2) comprising a mother preform (22) housed in an outer sleeve tube (20). It is characterized in that it also includes an intermediate tube (21) between the mother preform (22) and said outer tube (20), the intermediate tube (21) possessing viscosity at fiber-drawing temperature which is less than the viscosity(ies) at fiber-drawing temperature of said mother preform (22) and of said outer tube (20). The invention also provides a method of manufacturing a monomode optical fiber. The fiber has a core that is better centered and less deformed than in the prior art. An application of the invention lies in making an optical amplifier.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种包含容纳在外套管（20）中的母体预制件（22）的单模预制件（2）。 其特征在于，它还包括在母体预制件（22）和所述外管（20）之间的中间管（21），所述中间管（21）在纤维拉伸温度下具有小于粘度的粘度 ）在所述母体预成型件（22）和所述外管（20）的拉丝温度下进行。 本发明还提供了制造单模光纤的方法。 纤维具有比现有技术更好的中心并且变形较小的芯。 本发明的应用在于制造光放大器。

公开(公告)号：US06295844B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US07415923

申请日：1989-09-11

Applicant: Danh C. Tran ,  Pablo C. Pureza

Inventor： Danh C. Tran ,  Pablo C. Pureza

IPC: C03B37025

CPC classification number: C03B37/029 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2205/64 ,  C03B2205/80 ,  C03B2205/90

Abstract: An apparatus and method for drawing low loss fluoride glass fibers from a preform. A stream of reactive gas is passed around the preform and fiber so as to prevent moisture and oxygen contamination of the fiber while the fiber is being drawn. The apparatus includes an insulating vessel which surrounds a heating chamber in which the fiber is drawn, and a very narrow heating zone within the chamber for preventing crystallization of the drawn fiber.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从预制件中拉制低损耗氟化玻璃纤维的设备和方法。 反应气体流围绕预成型件和纤维通过，以防止在纤维被拉伸时纤维的水分和氧气污染。 该设备包括一个绝缘容器，该绝缘容器围绕着一个加热室，其中纤维被拉出，并且在室内的非常窄的加热区域用于防止拉伸的纤维的结晶。

公开(公告)号：US5779756A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US878626

申请日：1997-06-19

Applicant: Frederic Chiquet ,  Marylise Le Crom ,  Jean-Jacques Girard

Inventor： Frederic Chiquet ,  Marylise Le Crom ,  Jean-Jacques Girard

IPC: G02B6/00 ,  C03B19/04 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03B37/027

CPC classification number: C03B37/01271 ,  C03B37/01268 ,  C03B2201/82

Abstract: A method of fabricating a fluoride glass optical fiber preform which has a fluoride glass core surrounded by a fluoride glass optical cladding includes the following steps: introducing the cladding glass in the molten state into a bottom part of a mold having a cylindrical inside cross-section, introducing the core glass in the molten state into a top part of the mold above the cladding glass, and inwardly solidifying the core glass and the cladding glass from the interface between the glasses and the mold. The kinetics of solidification of the core glass are such that complete solidification of the cladding glass occurs before complete solidification of the core glass. The method further includes the following operations: centrifuging the content of the mold simultaneously with the solidification, wherein because of the reduction in the volume of the glasses during the solidification, a central portion empty of glass and of substantially cylindrical cross-section is formed around an axis of the mold by the completely solidified cladding glass, which thereby forms the cladding of the preform, wherein the core glass is not completely solidified at the end of the centrifuging, after the centrifuging operation, causing the unsolidified core glass to flow into the central portion,so forming the core of the preform, and removing the solidified preform from the mold.

Abstract translation: 一种氟化玻璃光纤预制棒的制造方法，其特征在于，具有由氟化物玻璃光学包层所包围的氟化物玻璃核心的方法，包括以下步骤：将熔融状态的包层玻璃引入具有圆筒形内侧截面的模具的底部 将熔融状态的芯玻璃引入包层玻璃上方的模具的上部，并且从玻璃和模具之间的界面向内固化芯玻璃和包层玻璃。 核心玻璃的凝固动力学使得包层玻璃的完全凝固发生在芯玻璃的完全凝固之前。 该方法还包括以下操作：在凝固的同时离心模具的内容物，其中由于在凝固期间玻璃体积的减小，在玻璃周围形成大致圆柱形横截面的中心部分 通过完全固化的包覆玻璃的模具的轴线，由此形成预成型件的包层，其中在离心分离操作之后，芯玻璃在离心结束时不完全固化，导致未固化的芯玻璃流入 中心部分，从而形成预成型件的芯部，并从模具中去除固化的预制件。

公开(公告)号：US5695880A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-09

申请号：US399144

申请日：1995-03-06

Applicant: Takashi Kogo ,  Hiroo Kanamori ,  Masashi Onishi ,  Yoshiaki Miyajima ,  Masataka Nakazawa

Inventor： Takashi Kogo ,  Hiroo Kanamori ,  Masashi Onishi ,  Yoshiaki Miyajima ,  Masataka Nakazawa

IPC: C03B37/012 ,  C03C3/32 ,  C03C13/04 ,  G02B6/00 ,  B32B9/00

CPC classification number: C03C3/325 ,  C03B37/01211 ,  C03B37/01268 ,  C03C13/042 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/24 ,  Y10T428/2929 ,  Y10T428/2933 ,  Y10T428/2958 ,  Y10T428/2964

Abstract: Lead-containing fluoride glass comprises 50-70 mol % of ZrF.sub.4, 3-5 mol % of LaF.sub.3, 0.1-3 mol % of YF.sub.3, and 2-15 mol % of NaF and/or LiF and/or CsF, where LaF.sub.3 +YF.sub.3 =4.5-6 mol %, and further comprises lead. An optical fiber comprises a core made of the lead-containing fluoride glass and a cladding surrounding the core. A process for producing an optical fiber comprises forming a base material for a core of the lead-containing fluoride glass, forming a base material for a cladding of fluoride glass containing 30-60 mol % of HfF.sub.4, and drawing the base materials into an optical fiber at a drawing temperature of 315-340 .degree. C.

Abstract translation: 含铅氟化物玻璃包含50-70摩尔％的ZrF 4，3-5摩尔％的LaF 3，0.1-3摩尔％的YF 3和2-15摩尔％的NaF和/或LiF和/或CsF，其中LaF 3 + YF3 = 4.5-6mol％，进一步包含铅。 光纤包括由含铅氟化物玻璃制成的芯和围绕芯的包层。 一种制造光纤的方法包括：形成含铅氟化物玻璃的芯的基材，形成含有30-60摩尔％HfF 4的氟化物玻璃的包层用基材，将该基材拉伸成光学 纤维的拉伸温度为315-340℃

公开(公告)号：US5651083A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-22

申请号：US573671

申请日：1995-12-18

Applicant: Ahmet Refik Kortan ,  Robert M. Pafchek

Inventor： Ahmet Refik Kortan ,  Robert M. Pafchek

IPC: G02B6/00 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03C13/04 ,  G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/10 ,  G02B6/16

CPC classification number: G02B6/03638 ,  C03B37/01268 ,  C03C13/04 ,  C03C13/042 ,  G02B6/102 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/20 ,  C03B2203/24 ,  C03B2203/26 ,  C03B2203/34

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for forming a glass preform which can be directly drawn into a single or multi-mode optical fiber. Single or multi-mode fibers drawn from the preforms described herein have high quality core-clad interfaces since the core and cladding materials are not exposed to crystallization temperatures upon the addition of the core material to cladding material.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于形成玻璃预制件的方法和装置，其可直接拉入单模或多模光纤。 由本文所述的预成型件拉制的单模或多模纤维具有高质量的芯包层界面，因为在将芯材添加到包层材料时，芯和包层材料不暴露于结晶温度。

公开(公告)号：US5530709A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US301544

申请日：1994-09-06

Applicant: Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

Inventor： Robert G. Waarts ,  David F. Welch ,  Steven Sanders ,  Donald R. Scifres

IPC: G02B6/036 ,  G02B6/42 ,  H01S3/067 ,  H01S3/094 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/10 ,  H01S5/40 ,  H01S3/30

CPC classification number: G02B6/03638 ,  G02B6/03605 ,  G02B6/03633 ,  H01S3/06708 ,  H01S3/094003 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  C03B2203/12 ,  C03B2203/32 ,  G02B6/4204 ,  H01S3/06729 ,  H01S3/0675 ,  H01S3/094069 ,  H01S3/094092 ,  H01S3/0941 ,  H01S5/1064 ,  H01S5/4025

Abstract: An upconversion fiber laser with a double-clad fiber is pumped with a laser-diode-based laser pump source, the inner cladding of the fiber forming a low transmission loss waveguide for the pump light. The central core of the fiber is doped with an active lasing ionic species capable of undergoing upconversion excitation, such as certain rare earth ionic species. The use of a double-clad fiber permits the use of high power, high brightness laser diodes, including those with broad emitting apertures, as well as high power diode laser pumped fiber lasers, as the pump source, thereby achieving higher pump intensities within the upconversion laser fiber and improved upconversion efficiency. Pump brightness can be further increased with multiple pump schemes which use multiple pump wavelengths in different absorption bands, multiple pump wavelengths within the same absorption band, pump light from pairs of cross-polarized sources, and pumping from both ends of the fiber.

Abstract translation: 具有双包层光纤的上转换光纤激光器用基于激光二极管的激光泵浦泵浦，纤维的内包层形成用于泵浦光的低传输损耗波导。 纤维的中心芯掺杂有能够经历上转换激发的活性激光离子物质，例如某些稀土离子物质。 使用双包层光纤允许使用大功率，高亮度激光二极管，包括具有广泛发射孔的激光二极管，以及作为泵浦源的大功率二极管激光泵浦光纤激光器，从而实现更高的泵浦强度 上转换激光光纤，提高转换效率。 泵浦亮度可以通过多种泵方案进一步提高，这些泵方案在不同吸收带内使用多个泵浦波长，在同一吸收带内的多个泵浦波长，来自成对的交叉极化源的泵浦光以及来自光纤两端的泵浦。

公开(公告)号：US5401289A

公开(公告)日：1995-03-28

申请号：US206408

申请日：1994-03-07

Applicant: Paul W. France ,  Steven F. Carter ,  John R. Williams

Inventor： Paul W. France ,  Steven F. Carter ,  John R. Williams

IPC: C03B5/06 ,  C03B19/02 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/023 ,  C03C13/04 ,  C03B37/07

CPC classification number: C03B37/01268 ,  C03B19/02 ,  C03B5/06 ,  C03B2201/82 ,  Y10S65/16

Abstract: Halide glass articles, e.g. rods, tubes and preforms for making fluoride glass fibres, are prepared by melting and/or casting the articles under a low pressure, e.g. 0.01 to 500 mbars and, during the low pressure regime, a gas flow rate of between 0.01 to 100 liters/min (measured at NTP) is maintained. It has been found that subjecting the melts to a low pressure reduces the attenuation of the fibre which eventually results from the melts.

Abstract translation: 卤化物玻璃制品，例如 用于制造氟化物玻璃纤维的棒，管和预成型件通过在低压下熔融和/或浇铸制品来制备，例如， 0.01至500毫巴，而在低压状态下，维持0.01至100升/分钟之间（在NTP测量）的气体流速。 已经发现，使熔体经受低压降低了最终由熔体产生的纤维的衰减。

公开(公告)号：US5308371A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-03

申请号：US047522

申请日：1993-04-19

Applicant: Hiromi Kawamoto ,  Yoshinori Kubota ,  Natsuya Nishimura ,  Akira Sakanoue

Inventor： Hiromi Kawamoto ,  Yoshinori Kubota ,  Natsuya Nishimura ,  Akira Sakanoue

IPC: C03B17/00 ,  C03B37/012 ,  C03B37/014 ,  C03C3/32 ,  G02B6/00 ,  C03B37/023

CPC classification number: C03B37/01274 ,  C03B37/01268 ,  C03B2201/82

Abstract: A method of forming a fiber glass preform includes the steps of: (a) pouring a cladding glass into a mold; (b) pouring a core glass on a flat horizontal upper surface of the cladding glass so as to form a united glass body having the core glass and the cladding glass under a condition that viscosity of the cladding glass and viscosity of the core glass are adjusted to certain predetermined values respectively so that the core glass is separated from and placed on the cladding glass; (c) cooling the united glass body to solidify the same so that the cladding glass is deformed by contraction thereof so as to produce a depression at a top middle portion thereof and that the core glass is deformed so as to form a projected portion thereof to fill the depression therewith; (d) separating the united glass body into an upper portion and a lower portion comprising the projected portion of the core glass; and (e) extruding the lower portion of the united glass body so as to form the fiber glass preform.

Abstract translation: 形成玻璃纤维预制棒的方法包括以下步骤：（a）将包层玻璃倒入模具中; （b）在包层玻璃的平坦的水平上表面上浇注芯玻璃，以在包层玻璃的粘度和芯玻璃的粘度被调节的条件下形成具有芯玻璃和包层玻璃的联合玻璃体 分别达到某些预定值，使得芯玻璃与包层玻璃分离并放置在包层玻璃上; （c）冷却联合玻璃体以使其固化，使得包层玻璃通过收缩而变形，从而在其顶部中间部分产生凹陷，并且芯玻璃变形以形成其突出部分 填充凹陷; （d）将玻璃体分离成包括芯玻璃的突出部分的上部和下部; 和（e）挤出组合玻璃体的下部以便形成玻璃纤维预制件。