Abstract:
A compact, selfshielded electron beam processing technique for three dimensional products includes a treatment zone bounded by at least one material of high atomic number. Energetic electrons are directed into the treatment zone in such a manner that electron reflection from the boundary of the treatment zone assists in filling the treatment zone with energetic electrons. The products to be treated are caused to travel through the treatment zone without any mechanical contact therewith (such as by ballistic or pneumatic techniques).
Abstract:
An orifice for coupling a highly-evacuated electron beam gun to a rotating print form cylinder for engraving is provided such that the gun has a rigid cover with an opening for the electron beam at its end facing the print form cylinder and a flexible band is arranged at the cover which partially surrounds the print form cylinder. The band is pivoted at the cover and at least one of the pivot points is elastically designed and pivoting occurs with the aid of springs which are adjustable with respect to the spring force.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and apparatus for extracting ions, and further for producing neutrons from the extracted ions. In an aspect, there is provided a method for extracting ions involving the following step: in a vacuum chamber applying voltages to a spark gap between two electrodes comprising coatings of a hydrocarbon, each voltage sufficient to trigger a spark discharge in the gap sufficient to dissociate the hydrocarbon and extract therefrom hydrogen ions, wherein the hydrocarbon is a nonvolatile liquid sufficiently non-viscous to flow and re-coat holes in the coatings between each spark discharge.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods and systems for the flexible ion generation device includes at least one dielectric layer, at least one trace having a first end and a second end, the at least one trace is engaged to the at least one dielectric layer, and at least one emitter engaged to the trace for emitting ions.
Abstract:
An assembly of a support plate and an exit window foil for use in an electron beam device. The support plate is designed to reduce wrinkles in said foil, which wrinkles may arise due to surplus foil arising in the assembly process. The foil is being bonded to the support plate along a closed bonding line bounding a substantially circular area in which the support plate is provided with apertures and foil support portions and in which area the foil is adapted to serve as a portion of a wall of a vacuum tight housing of the electron beam device. Another aspect involves a method for using the assembly in a filling machine, as well as a method of reducing wrinkles.
Abstract:
An apparatus and a method of sterilizing inner walls of containers, wherein the apparatus has at least one electron beam emitter with at least one electron beam accelerator and an outlet window for the electron beams, a conveying device for conveying the containers to be sterilized and a reciprocating device for permitting a relative movement between the containers and the outlet window in a longitudinal direction of the containers. A reflector apparatus is connected to the electron beam emitter in a positively locking and/or friction locking manner at least locally in a region of the outlet window and is capable of being introduced at least locally during a defined period of time into an interior space of the container to be sterilized, in order to apply the electron beams to the inner walls of the container.
Abstract:
An electron beam emitter including a vacuum chamber having a width. An electron generator can be positioned within the vacuum chamber for generating electrons. An elongate nozzle can extend from the vacuum chamber along a longitudinal axis and have an exit window at a distal end of the nozzle. The nozzle can have a width that is less than the width of the vacuum chamber. The electron generator can be shaped and dimensioned, and positioned with the vacuum chamber to form and direct a narrow electron beam that enters and travels through the nozzle, and exits out the exit window.
Abstract:
The invention provides methods and apparatus for extracting ions, and further for producing neutrons from the extracted ions. In an aspect, there is provided a method for extracting ions involving the following step: in a vacuum chamber applying voltages to a spark gap between two electrodes comprising coatings of a hydrocarbon, each voltage sufficient to trigger a spark discharge in the gap sufficient to dissociate the hydrocarbon and extract therefrom hydrogen ions, wherein the hydrocarbon is a nonvolatile liquid sufficiently non-viscous to flow and re-coat holes in the coatings between each spark discharge.
Abstract:
An assembly of a support plate and an exit window foil for use in an electron beam device. The support plate is designed to reduce wrinkles in said foil, which wrinkles may arise due to surplus foil arising in the assembly process. The foil is being bonded to the support plate along a closed bonding line bounding a substantially circular area in which the support plate is provided with apertures and foil support portions and in which area the foil is adapted to serve as a portion of a wall of a vacuum tight housing of the electron beam device. Another aspect involves a method for using the assembly in a filling machine, as well as a method of reducing wrinkles.
Abstract:
In accordance with the present invention, there are provided actively pumped, low energy devices, which allow cathode and/or window to be replaced or exchanged as required by conditions of use and application (as a result of the presence of an interchangeable cathode and interchangeable window), without necessitating replacement of vacuum chamber, or other parts. Such interchangeability greatly expands the utility of the electron device in scientific and industrial applications, besides addressing such issues as wear and tear, restoration and upgrading of performance, of the device internal components, it provides the ability to match the device output energy and power to a wide variety of scientific and practical applications. Such features in a single portable device also provide a cost effective and practical way to deliver electrons to an object or other device in a manner that is independent of the atmosphere of the object or device itself.