公开(公告)号：US06190623B1

公开(公告)日：2001-02-20

申请号：US09336106

申请日：1999-06-18

Applicant: Robert J. Sanger ,  Gavin P. Towler ,  Kishore J. Doshi ,  Kurt M. Vanden Bussche ,  John J. Senetar

Inventor： Robert J. Sanger ,  Gavin P. Towler ,  Kishore J. Doshi ,  Kurt M. Vanden Bussche ,  John J. Senetar

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/04 ,  B01J8/048 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00504 ,  B01J2208/00513 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2219/00006 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/583 ,  C01B3/586 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/0405 ,  C01B2203/043 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/0445 ,  C01B2203/046 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0822 ,  C01B2203/0827 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0855 ,  C01B2203/0866 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/0894 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1047 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1076 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1217 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/127 ,  C01B2203/1294 ,  C01B2203/143 ,  C01B2203/145 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  C01B2203/1604 ,  C01B2203/1619 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/04022 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M8/0618 ,  H01M8/0625 ,  H01M8/0662 ,  H01M8/0668 ,  Y02P20/128

Abstract: An apparatus is provided which comprises two burner zones using a single igniter separated by a heat transfer zone for use in low-cost hydrogen generation units. When used in conjunction with a control system which limits the effluent temperature to less than about 700° C., the apparatus can be constructed of materials such as carbon steel and stainless steel rather than more exotic materials. This simplified structure and the use of less exotic materials provides an efficient, low-cost combined partial oxidation reactor for small-scale hydrogen production systems, especially for hydrogen production systems associated with fuel cell operation for the production of electricity.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种装置，其包括使用由用于低成本氢气发生单元的传热区分开的单个点火器的两个燃烧器区域。 当与将流出物温度限制在低于约700℃的控制系统结合使用时，该设备可以由诸如碳钢和不锈钢的材料构成，而不是更外来的材料。 这种简化的结构和使用不太外来的材料为小规模氢气生产系统提供了一种高效，低成本的组合部分氧化反应器，特别是与用于生产电力的燃料电池操作相关的氢气生产系统。

公开(公告)号：US06808689B1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US09652209

申请日：2000-08-30

Applicant: Yukihiro Matsumoto ,  Masakatsu Mori ,  Masatsuga Kitaura ,  Osamu Dodo ,  Michio Tanimoto

Inventor： Yukihiro Matsumoto ,  Masakatsu Mori ,  Masatsuga Kitaura ,  Osamu Dodo ,  Michio Tanimoto

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: C07C45/35 ,  B01J8/067 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00221 ,  B01J2208/0023 ,  C07C51/252 ,  C07C47/22 ,  C07C57/04

Abstract: The temperature distribution of a heating medium in the reactor is allayed and the occurrence of hot spots is repressed. In a shell-and-tube type reactor provided with donut type and disc type baffle plates, reaction tubes are disposed even in the holes formed in the donut type baffle plates and an empty space devoid of a configuration of the reaction tubes is formed at the center of the shell. According to this invention, (meth)acrylic acid and/or (meth)acrolein can be produced at a low energy by catalytic gas phase oxidation of propylene- or isobutylene-containing gas.

Abstract translation: 反应器中加热介质的温度分布被消除，并且热点的发生被抑制。 在设置有环形型和盘式挡板的管壳型反应器中，反应管甚至设置在形成于环形挡板中的孔中，并且在反应管的形成空间处形成反应管的形状 壳的中心。 根据本发明，通过催化气相氧化含丙烯或异丁烯的气体，可以在低能量下生产（甲基）丙烯酸和/或（甲基）丙烯醛。

公开(公告)号：US06692705B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US09933939

申请日：2001-08-22

Applicant: Ramesh Gupta ,  Salvatore Joseph Rossetti

Inventor： Ramesh Gupta ,  Salvatore Joseph Rossetti

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: C10G49/002 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/025 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J2208/00707

Abstract: The invention is directed to a multi-tier bypass apparatus for extending the operating life of fixed bed reactors. The multi-tier bypass may be disposed within a fixed catalyst bed to allow any fluid feedstock to bypass successive layers of the fixed catalyst bed as they foul. The invention also relates to an improved fixed bed reactor comprising the inventive multi-tier bypass and a method for extending the operating life of a fixed bed reactor.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于延长固定床反应器的使用寿命的多层旁路装置。 多层旁路可以设置在固定的催化剂床内，以允许任何流体原料在它们弄脏时绕过固定催化剂床的连续层。 本发明还涉及一种改进的固定床反应器，其包括本发明的多层旁路和延长固定床反应器的使用寿命的方法。

公开(公告)号：US06419884B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09360159

申请日：1999-07-26

Applicant: Barbara Strobel ,  Matthias Wolfsteiner

Inventor： Barbara Strobel ,  Matthias Wolfsteiner

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01B1/005 ,  B01J8/0426 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2208/00212 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/022 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2464 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  B01J2219/2493 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/583 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1288 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/0662

Abstract: A reactor unit in a system for the production of hydrogen-rich gas from a liquid raw fuel includes (1) a reaction chamber for a reaction medium and which contains a catalyst material; and (2) two tempering chambers separated from one another. The two tempering chambers are associated with different areas of the reaction chamber, so that within the reaction chamber two reaction zones are formed, which can be held at different temperature levels.

Abstract translation: 用于从液体原料燃料生产富氢气体的系统中的反应器单元包括（1）反应介质的反应室，其包含催化剂材料; 和（2）两个回火室彼此分离。 两个回火室与反应室的不同区域相关联，使得在反应室内形成两个可以保持在不同温度水平的反应区。

公开(公告)号：US06383454B2

公开(公告)日：2002-05-07

申请号：US09905050

申请日：2001-07-13

Applicant: Driekus Van Der Westhuizen ,  Petrus Johannes Venter

Inventor： Driekus Van Der Westhuizen ,  Petrus Johannes Venter

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: C07C17/10 ,  C07B39/00 ,  C07C67/307 ,  C07C19/08 ,  C07C69/708

Abstract: A process for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate is by mixing it with an inert diluent and mixing the diluted substrate with a gaseous fluorinating reagent to form a foam reaction mixture. The fluorinating reagent reacts with the substrate in the form to foam product. The foam is separated into a liquid component which contains product and a gas component. Product is withdrawn from the liquid component which is then returned to the diluting step. Fluorinating reagent is fed into the gas component which is then recirculated to the mixing step. An installation for fluorinating a hydrocarbon substrate includes, in sequence as a circuit, a dilution stage, a mixing stage, a reaction stage and a separation stage. Liquid returning means feeds liquid from the separation stage to the dilution stage, and gas recirculation means feeds gas from the separation stage to the mixing stage.

Abstract translation: 用于氟化烃底物的方法是通过将其与惰性稀释剂混合并将稀释的底物与气态氟化剂混合以形成泡沫反应混合物。 氟化试剂以基材与泡沫体的形式反应。 将泡沫分离成含有产物和气体组分的液体组分。 将产物从液体组分中取出，然后将其返回到稀释步骤。 将氟化试剂进料到气体组分中，然后将其再循环到混合步骤。 用于氟化烃底物的装置依次包括稀释阶段，混合阶段，反应阶段和分离阶段。 液体返回装置将液体从分离级供给到稀释级，气体再循环装置将气体从分离级供入混合级。

公开(公告)号：US06334984B1

公开(公告)日：2002-01-01

申请号：US09065044

申请日：1998-04-27

Applicant: Giorgio Pagani ,  Federico Zardi

Inventor： Giorgio Pagani ,  Federico Zardi

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: C07C273/16 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  B01J2219/185 ,  B01J2219/1943 ,  C02F1/025 ,  C07C273/04 ,  Y02P20/142

Abstract: A hydrolysis reactor for removal of urea, ammonia and carbon dioxide from a liquid phase comprising urea in aqueous solution advantageously comprises a dividing baffle extending horizontally at a preset height in the reactor in which it defines a first and a second respectively lower and upper reaction space, means of collection and extraction from the reactor of a first portion of a gaseous phase comprising high pressure and temperature steam, previously fed into the first reaction space and means for feeding a second portion of the gaseous phase comprising high pressure and temperature steam to the second reaction space.

Abstract translation: 用于从包含尿素在水溶液中的液相除去尿素，氨和二氧化碳的水解反应器有利地包括在反应器中以预定高度水平延伸的分隔挡板，其中它限定第一和第二分别下部和上部反应空间 从反应器中收集和从反应器中提取预先进料到第一反应空间中的包含高压和高温蒸汽的气相的第一部分的装置，以及用于将包含高压和高温蒸汽的第二部分气相进料至 第二反应空间。

公开(公告)号：US06277339B1

公开(公告)日：2001-08-21

申请号：US09356498

申请日：1999-07-19

Applicant: Stefan Boneberg ,  Stefan Brauchle

Inventor： Stefan Boneberg ,  Stefan Brauchle

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/0426 ,  B01J8/0438 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J19/249 ,  B01J2208/0015 ,  B01J2219/2453 ,  B01J2219/2464 ,  B01J2219/2465 ,  B01J2219/247 ,  B01J2219/2479 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/82

Abstract: A reforming reactor includes (1) a reformer section for converting a starting material mixture into a reformate product by means of an endothermal reforming reaction; (2) a CO shift section to convert the carbon monoxide contained in the reformate product into carbon dioxide by the CO shift reaction; and (3) a catalytic burner unit for generating heat by catalytic combustion of a combustion gas. The catalytic burner has a heating area in thermal contact with the reformer section and a cooling area in thermal contact with the CO shift section having less combustion catalyst activity than the heating area. Combustion gas is fed counter-current-wise to the reformate product flowing through the CO shift stage and to the starting material mixture flowing through the reformer stage through the corresponding cooling area and through the adjoining heating area.

Abstract translation: 重整反应器包括（1）通过吸热重整反应将原料混合物转化为重整产物的重整器部分; （2）CO转换段，通过CO转化反应将重整产物中所含的一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳; 和（3）用于通过燃烧气体的催化燃烧产生热的催化燃烧器单元。 催化燃烧器具有与重整器部分热接触的加热区域和与CO换热部分热接触的冷却区域具有比加热区域更少的燃烧催化剂活性。 燃烧气体逆流地供给流过CO变换级的重整产物和流过重整器级的原料混合物通过相应的冷却区域并通过相邻的加热区域。

公开(公告)号：US06267792B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-31

申请号：US09353593

申请日：1999-07-15

Applicant: Kiyomi Nagamiya ,  Masashi Yamashita ,  Masaaki Yamaoka ,  Yoshikazu Motozono

Inventor： Kiyomi Nagamiya ,  Masashi Yamashita ,  Masaaki Yamaoka ,  Yoshikazu Motozono

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: B01J19/0006 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  C01B3/323 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/583 ,  C01B2203/044 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M2300/0082

Abstract: A control apparatus can maintain a substantially constant temperature of a reforming reaction in which a partial oxidation reaction occurs. The control apparatus can be used for a reformer that reforms reformats fuel into fuel by an endothermic reforming reaction and a partial oxidation reforming reaction. The amount of oxygen supplied for the partial oxidation reaction is determined based on an amount of the raw material and on theoretical endothermic values and exothermic values of the respective reforming reaction and partial oxidation reaction.

Abstract translation: 控制装置可以维持发生部分氧化反应的重整反应的基本恒定的温度。 控制装置可以用于重整器，其通过吸热重整反应和部分氧化重整反应将燃料重整成燃料。 用于部分氧化反应的氧气供应量是根据原料的量和各重整反应和部分氧化反应的理论吸热值和放热值来确定的。

公开(公告)号：US06254840B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-03

申请号：US09266810

申请日：1999-03-12

Applicant: Johannes H. Mennen

Inventor： Johannes H. Mennen

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: C07C273/04 ,  B01J10/002 ,  B01J19/006 ,  B01J2219/00024 ,  B01J2219/00108 ,  B01J2219/00777

Abstract: An apparatus for effecting gas-liquid contact in a system in which the liquid is the continuous phase, the apparatus consisting of a vertical column fitted with a series of perforated trays. The perforated trays provide openings near the edges of the trays or between the trays and the inside of the column wall for the transport of liquid. The trays also include a downwardfacing flange at or near the tray edge to establish and maintain a gas cushion under the tray, the height of the flange being between 5-50% of the tray-to-tray spacing The trays further including an upwardly-facing rim on the top side of the tray within which are provided perforations designed for gas flow, the height of the rim being between 5-50% of the tray-to-tray spacing. Between adjacent trays is provided a generally cylindrical tube having a diameter smaller than that of the downwards-facing flange and larger than the upwards-facing rim, the height of the cylinder being 40-80% of the distance between two successive trays.

Abstract translation: 一种用于在其中液体是连续相的系统中进行气 - 液接触的装置，该装置由装有一系列多孔板的垂直柱组成。 多孔托盘在托盘的边缘附近提供开口，或在托盘和塔壁内部之间提供用于输送液体的开口。 托盘还包括在托盘边缘处或附近的向下的法兰，以建立和保持托盘下方的气垫，凸缘的高度在托盘间隔的5-50％之间。托盘还包括向上 - 在托盘顶部的面对边缘设有用于气体流动的穿孔，轮辋的高度在托盘到托盘间距的5-50％之间。 在相邻的托盘之间设有直径小于向下的凸缘的直径的大致圆柱形管，并且大于向上的边缘，圆柱体的高度是两个连续托盘之间的距离的40-80％。

公开(公告)号：US06254839B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-03

申请号：US09185393

申请日：1998-11-03

Applicant: Lawrence G. Clawson ,  William L. Mitchell ,  Jeffrey M. Bentley ,  Johannes H. J. Thijssen

Inventor： Lawrence G. Clawson ,  William L. Mitchell ,  Jeffrey M. Bentley ,  Johannes H. J. Thijssen

IPC: B01J804

CPC classification number: H01M8/0631 ,  B01J8/0278 ,  B01J8/0285 ,  B01J8/0465 ,  B01J8/0469 ,  B01J8/048 ,  B01J8/0492 ,  B01J8/0496 ,  B01J2208/00203 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00849 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/384 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0244 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/0283 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/0455 ,  C01B2203/0465 ,  C01B2203/0485 ,  C01B2203/0844 ,  C01B2203/0877 ,  C01B2203/0883 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1047 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/1064 ,  C01B2203/1076 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  C01B2203/1223 ,  C01B2203/1229 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1247 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2203/1276 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/80 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: A hydrocarbon fuel reformer (200) is disclosed suitable for producing synthesis hydrogen gas from reactions with hydrocarbons fuels, oxygen, and steam. The reformer (200) comprises first and second tubes (208,218). The first tube (208) includes a first catalyst (214) and receives a first mixture of steam and a first fuel. The second tube (218) is annularly disposed about the first tube (208) and receives a second mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and a second fuel. In one embodiment, a third tube (224) is annularly disposed about the second tube (218) and receives a first reaction reformate from the first tube (208) and a second reaction reformate from the second tube (218). A catalyst reforming zone (260) annularly disposed about the third tube (224) may be provided to subject reformate constituents to a shift reaction. In another embodiment, a fractionator is provided to distill first and second fuels from a fuel supply source.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种烃燃料重整器（200），其适用于通过与烃燃料，氧气和蒸汽的反应产生合成氢气。 重整器（200）包括第一和第二管（208,218）。 第一管（208）包括第一催化剂（214）并且接收蒸汽和第一燃料的第一混合物。 第二管（218）环绕第一管（208）设置并接收含氧气体和第二燃料的第二混合物。 在一个实施例中，第三管（224）围绕第二管（218）环形设置，并且从第一管（208）接收第一反应重整产物，并从第二管（218）接收第二反应重整产物。 可以提供围绕第三管（224）环形设置的催化剂重整区（260），以使重整产物成分转化为转化反应。 在另一个实施例中，提供分馏器以从燃料供应源蒸馏第一和第二燃料。