Abstract:
In a manual mode, a gear position of a continuously variable transmission is selected based on an input operation from a driver, a final through speed ratio is set based on the selected gear position and a variator and a sub-transmission mechanism are controlled to realize the final through speed ratio. Whether an input torque to the sub-transmission mechanism is positive or negative is determined based on an input torque to the sub-transmission mechanism when the manual mode is selected.
Abstract:
In control apparatus and method for an automatic transmission, a gear shift state of a stepwise variable transmission mechanism is controlled to a target gear shift state by releasing a first engagement section according to a reduction in a capacity of the first engagement section and, simultaneously, by engaging a second engagement section according to an increase in the capacity of the second engagement section, in accordance with a torque inputted to the stepwise variable transmission mechanism and, during an inertia phase, either one of the first and second engagement sections functions as a gear shift state control side engagement section and the capacity of a gear shift state non-control side engagement section which is the other engagement section is increased when determining that it is impossible to make the gear shift state follow up the target gear shift state at the gear shift state control side engagement section.
Abstract:
A control system controls an automatic transmission. The automatic transmission comprises a stepwise variable transmission section that includes a plurality of frictional elements and establishes a desired speed by a shift change disengaging one of the frictional elements and engaging the other of the frictional elements and a continuously variable transmission section that establishes a desired speed continuously. The control system makes a speed change control of the continuously variable transmission section cooperate with a change of an input rotation speed of the stepwise variable transmission section. The control system is configured to carry out during the shift change of the stepwise variable transmission section, judging whether a delivery of a torque from a disengaging side frictional element to an engaging side frictional element is completed or not; and starting the speed change control of the continuously variable transmission section upon judgment of the completion of the delivery of the torque regarding that an inertial phase has started.
Abstract:
When a through speed ratio, which is an overall speed ratio of a variator and a subtransmission mechanism, varies from a larger speed ratio than a mode switch speed ratio to a smaller speed ratio than the mode switch speed ratio, a gear position of the subtransmission mechanism is changed from a first gear position to a second gear position and the speed ratio of the variator is modified to a large speed ratio side. The mode switch speed ratio is set midway between a low speed mode Highest speed ratio and a high speed mode Lowest speed ratio.
Abstract:
Provided is an electrochromic compound represented by the following general formula (I) or (II) where R1 to R13 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a monovalent organic group, or a polymerizable functional group, and at least one of the R1 to the R13 is a polymerizable functional group.
Abstract:
To provide an electrochromic compound, represented by the following general formula (I): General Formula (I) where X1, X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7 and X8 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent; R1 and R2 are each independently a monovalent substituent; A− and B− are each independently a monovalent anion; and Y is represented by the following general formula (II) or (III): General Formula (II) General Formula (III) where X9, X10, X11, X12, X13, X14, X15, X16, X17, and X18 are each independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent substituent.
Abstract:
Provided is an electrochromic compound represented by the following general formula (I) or (II) where R1 to R13 are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a monovalent organic group, or a polymerizable functional group, and at least one of the R1 to the R13 is a polymerizable functional group.
Abstract:
An electrochromic apparatus including a first support, a first electrode, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second support, a second electrode, a second transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer is provided. The first and second supports have first and second surfaces, respectively, on each of which a plurality of grooves is formed. The grooves on the second surface are facing the grooves on the first surface. The first and second electrodes are disposed at each one of the plurality of grooves of the first and second supports, respectively. The first and second transparent conductive layers are in contact with the first and second surfaces, respectively. The electrochromic layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer is between the electrochromic layer and the second transparent conductive layer.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an electrochromic display device including a display substrate, a display electrode provided on the display substrate, a first electrochromic layer provided on the display electrode, an intermediate display electrode provided above the first electrochromic layer separately from the first electrochromic layer, a second electrochromic layer provided on and contacting the intermediate display electrode, an opposed substrate, an opposed electrode provided on the opposed substrate, and an electrolyte solution provided between a surface of the display substrate on which the display electrode is formed and a surface of the opposed substrate on which the opposed electrode is formed, wherein the intermediate display electrode contains a rod-shaped, whisker-shaped, or long-fiber-shaped electrically conductive fine particle, and at least a portion of a space in the electrically conductive fine particle is filled with a material forming the second electrochromic layer.
Abstract:
A transmission controller permits a 2-1 shift, in which a gear position of a subtransmission mechanism is changed from a second speed to a first speed, when an accelerator pedal has been depressed to or above a predetermined opening. The gear position of the subtransmission mechanism is changed from the second speed to the first speed when an actual through speed ratio passes a mode switch line from a High side to a Low side while the 2-1 shift is permitted in the subtransmission mechanism.