Abstract:
Functional nanocomposites containing nanoparticles of different chemical compositions may exhibit new properties to meet demands for advanced technology. It is imperative to simultaneously achieve hierarchical structural control and to develop rapid, scalable fabrication to minimize degradation of nanoparticle properties and for compatibility with nanomanufacturing. The assembly kinetics of supramolecular nanocomposite in thin films is governed by the energetic cost arising from defects, the chain mobility, and the activation energy for inter-domain diffusion. By optimizing only one parameter, the solvent fraction in the film, the assembly kinetics can be precisely tailored to produce hierarchically structured thin films of supramolecular nanocomposites in approximately one minute. Moreover, the strong wavelength dependent optical anisotropy in the nanocomposite highlights their potential applications for light manipulation and information transmission. The present invention opens a new avenue in designing manufacture-friendly continuous processing for the fabrication of functional nanocomposite thin films.
Abstract:
Highly-ordered block copolymer films are prepared by a method that includes forming a polymeric replica of a topographically patterned crystalline surface, forming a block copolymer film on the topographically patterned surface of the polymeric replica, and annealing the block copolymer film. The resulting structures can be used in a variety of different applications, including the fabrication of high density data storage media. The ability to use flexible polymers to form the polymeric replica facilitates industrial-scale processes utilizing the highly-ordered block copolymer films.
Abstract:
A method for making a composite superconductor and a superconductor made using the method. Superconducting filaments are embedded in a matrix material. Oxygen-containing elements are also embedded in the matrix material, with the oxygen-containing elements preferably being dispersed evenly among the superconducting filaments. A surrounding reinforcement material contains the other elements and preferably seals the superconductor from the surrounding atmosphere.
Abstract:
High performance organic photovoltaic cells based on donor acceptor polymers in the active layer. A composition comprising: at least one copolymer comprising at least one first donor moiety and at least one first acceptor moiety in the copolymer backbone, wherein the first acceptor moiety comprises at least one first ring which is bivalently linked to the copolymer backbone and at least one second ring fused to the first ring and not bivalently linked to the copolymer backbone, wherein the first ring or the second ring comprises two adjacent fluoro ring substituents, and optionally, wherein the donor comprises at least one fused ring system. High efficiency, high Voc, and a combination of both can be achieved.
Abstract:
A non-noble metal based catalyst includes a compound represented by Formula 1: ZraMbOxNy [Formula 1] where M is at least one element selected from Group 4 elements through Group 12 elements, a is a number in the range of about 1 to about 8, b is a number in the range of 1 to 8, x is a number in the range of about 0.2 to about 32, and y is a number in the range of about 0.2 to about 16. A fuel cell electrode and fuel cell may be formed using the non-noble metal based catalyst.
Abstract translation:非贵金属基催化剂包括由式1表示的化合物:ZraMbO x N y [式1]其中M是选自第4族元素至第12族元素中的至少一种元素,a为约1至约8的数 ,b为1〜8的数,x为约0.2〜约32的数,y为约0.2〜约16的数。燃料电池电极和燃料电池可以 使用非贵金属类催化剂形成。
Abstract:
A regulator comprises a regulator valve and an actuator. The regulator valve comprises a valve body equipped with a customized valve port. That is, the valve seat is designed to have a customized seat height depending on a diameter of an orifice through the valve port, a longitudinal dimension of an orifice through the valve port, and/or a flow capacity of the valve port. Such a design advantageously maximizes the efficiency at which gas flows through the regulator. The actuator is coupled to the valve body and comprises a valve disc disposed within the valve body and adapted for displacement between a closed position engaging the valve seat and an open position spaced from the valve seat.