公开(公告)号：US20030039600A1

公开(公告)日：2003-02-27

申请号：US09925233

申请日：2001-08-09

Inventor： James Christian Sorensen ,  Douglas Edward Benedict ,  Tsun-Chiu Robert Tsao ,  Joseph Klosek

IPC: C07C027/10 ,  B01J008/04

CPC classification number: C07C29/1512 ,  B01J8/22 ,  B01J19/0006 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00191 ,  C07C41/01 ,  C07C43/043 ,  C07C31/04

Abstract: A control scheme is set forth for conversion of variable composition synthesis gas to liquid fuels in a three-phase or slurry bubble column reactor (SBCR). The control scheme allows one to achieve constant or optimum liquid fuel production and constant or limited purge gas flow with highly variable synthesis gas feed condition. This is accomplished by adjusting one or more of the following independent variables: recycle ratio, water addition, and bypass flow.

公开(公告)号：US06362366B1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-26

申请号：US09611067

申请日：2000-07-06

Applicant: Noel Hallinan ,  James A. Hinnenkamp

Inventor： Noel Hallinan ,  James A. Hinnenkamp

IPC: C07C5110

CPC classification number: B01J19/0006 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  B01J2219/00191 ,  C07C51/12 ,  C07C53/08

Abstract: There is provided a process control method for the production of acetic acid by the catalyzed carbonylation of methanol and a process for the manufacture of acetic acid using the process control method. The process control method comprises measuring various reactor component concentrations, specifically the active catalyst species, methyl iodide, water and methyl acetate by means of an infrared analyzer, and adjusting in response thereto the concentrations of at least the catalyst species, methyl iodide and water to optimize the acetic acid reaction.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种通过甲醇的催化羰基化生产乙酸的过程控制方法和使用过程控制方法制备乙酸的方法。 过程控制方法包括通过红外分析仪测量各种反应器组分浓度，特别是活性催化剂种类，甲基碘，水和乙酸甲酯，并根据其响应至少将催化剂种类，甲基碘和水的浓度调节至 优化乙酸反应。

公开(公告)号：US06287432B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-11

申请号：US09333168

申请日：1999-06-14

Applicant: Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John G. Frye, Jr. ,  Wayne R. Kliewer

Inventor： Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John G. Frye, Jr. ,  Wayne R. Kliewer

IPC: C25B900

CPC classification number: H01M8/1246 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D67/0044 ,  B01D67/0046 ,  B01D67/0083 ,  B01D67/0093 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D69/141 ,  B01D69/145 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01D2323/08 ,  B01D2323/10 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/26 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J2208/00044 ,  B01J2208/00106 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00336 ,  B01J2208/00345 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00058 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00126 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B13/0288 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0003 ,  C01B2210/0012 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  C01C3/0225 ,  C01C3/0233 ,  C01G45/006 ,  C01G45/1271 ,  C01G49/0036 ,  C01G49/0054 ,  C01G49/0072 ,  C01G49/009 ,  C01G51/68 ,  C01P2002/34 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/80 ,  C01P2004/84 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/40 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B5/00 ,  C25B13/00 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: Solid membranes comprising an intimate, gas-impervious, multi-phase mixture of an electronically-conductive material and an oxygen ion-conductive material and/or a mixed metal oxide of a perovskite structure are described. Electrochemical reactor components, such as reactor cells, and electrochemical reactors are also described. The reactor cells generally comprise first and second zones separated by an element having a first surface capable of reducing oxygen to oxygen ions, a second surface capable of reacting oxygen ions with an oxygen-consuming gas, an electron-conductive path between the first and second surfaces and an oxygen ion-conductive path between the first and second surfaces.

Abstract translation: 描述了包含电子导电材料和氧离子传导材料和/或钙钛矿结构的混合金属氧化物的紧密，不透气的多相混合物的固体膜。 还描述了电化学反应器组分，例如反应器电池和电化学反应器。 反应器电池通常包括由具有能够将氧还原成氧离子的第一表面的元件隔开的第一和第二区，能够使氧离子与耗氧气体反应的第二表面，第一和第二之间的电子传导路径 表面和在第一和第二表面之间的氧离子传导路径。

公开(公告)号：US6165438A

公开(公告)日：2000-12-26

申请号：US227220

申请日：1999-01-06

Applicant: R. Scott Willms ,  Stephen A. Birdsell

Inventor： R. Scott Willms ,  Stephen A. Birdsell

IPC: B01D53/22 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J23/40 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/50 ,  C01B3/26 ,  B01D53/46

CPC classification number: B01J19/2475 ,  B01D53/228 ,  B01D53/229 ,  B01D53/34 ,  B01J8/009 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J19/0026 ,  B01J23/40 ,  B01J2208/00026 ,  B01J2208/00132 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  C01B3/16 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B3/48 ,  C01B3/501 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/0288 ,  C01B2203/041 ,  C01B2203/047 ,  C01B2203/0475 ,  C01B2203/0816 ,  C01B2203/1011 ,  C01B2203/1041 ,  C01B2203/1052 ,  C01B2203/107 ,  C01B2203/1082 ,  C01B2203/1205 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  Y02C20/20 ,  Y02P20/52

Abstract: Apparatus and method for simultaneous recovery of hydrogen from water and from hydrocarbon feed material. The feed material is caused to flow over a heated catalyst which fosters the water-gas shift reaction (H.sub.2 O+COH.sub.2 +CO.sub.2) and the methane steam reforming reaction (CH.sub.4 +H.sub.2 O3 H.sub.2 +CO). Both of these reactions proceed only to partial completion. However, by use of a Pd/Ag membrane which is exclusively permeable to hydrogen isotopes in the vicinity of the above reactions and by maintaining a vacuum on the permeate side of the membrane, product hydrogen isotopes are removed and the reactions are caused to proceed further toward completion. A two-stage palladium membrane reactor was tested with a feed composition of 28% CQ.sub.4, 35% Q.sub.2 O (where Q=H, D, or T), and 31% Ar in 31 hours of continuous operation during which 4.5 g of tritium were processed. Decontamination factors were found to increase with decreasing inlet rate. The first stage was observed to have a decontamination factor of approximately 200, while the second stage had a decontamination factor of 2.9.times.10.sup.6. The overall decontamination factor was 5.8.times.10.sup.8. When a Pt/.alpha.-Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 catalyst is employed, decoking could be performed without catalyst degradation. However, by adjusting the carbon to oxygen ratio of the feed material with the addition of oxygen, coking could be altogether avoided.

Abstract translation: 从水和烃进料同时回收氢的装置和方法。 使原料流过促进水煤气变换反应（H 2 O + CO + ZH 2 + CO 2）和甲烷蒸汽重整反应（CH 4 + H 2 O + Z 3 H 2 + CO）的加热催化剂。 这两个反应只进行部分完成。 然而，通过使用在上述反应附近仅对氢同位素可渗透的Pd / Ag膜，并且通过在膜的渗透侧保持真空，除去产物氢同位素并进一步进行反应 完成。 在连续操作的31小时内，用28％CQ4,35％Q2O（其中Q = H，D或T）和31％Ar的进料组成来测试两级钯膜反应器，其中4.5g氚 处理。 发现净化因子随进口速率的增加而增加。 观察到第一阶段的去污因子约为200，而第二阶段的去污因子为2.9×10 6。 整体去污因子为5.8×10 8。 当使用Pt /α-Al 2 O 3催化剂时，可以进行脱焦而没有催化剂降解。 然而，通过添加氧气调节进料的碳与氧比，可以完全避免焦化。

公开(公告)号：US6139810A

公开(公告)日：2000-10-31

申请号：US89372

申请日：1998-06-03

Applicant: Christian Friedrich Gottzmann ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Joseph Michael Schwartz ,  Victor Emmanuel Bergsten ,  James Eric White ,  Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John C. Fagley

Inventor： Christian Friedrich Gottzmann ,  Ravi Prasad ,  Joseph Michael Schwartz ,  Victor Emmanuel Bergsten ,  James Eric White ,  Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John C. Fagley

IPC: C01B3/24 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/06 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C25B13/08 ,  B01D52/22

CPC classification number: C01B13/0251 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2425 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J8/009 ,  C01B3/382 ,  C01B3/384 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00477 ,  B01J2208/00495 ,  B01J2208/0053 ,  B01J2208/00539 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00155 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  B01J2219/00777 ,  C01B2203/0233 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0811 ,  C01B2203/141 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/148 ,  C01B2203/82 ,  C01B2210/0046 ,  Y02P20/129

Abstract: A reactor comprising: a hollow shell defining a hermetic enclosure; a plurality of tube sheets disposed within said hermetic enclosure, a first one of said plurality of tube sheets defining a first chamber; at least one reaction tube each having a first end and an opposing second end, said first end being fixedly attached and substantially hermetically sealed to one end of said plurality of tube sheets and opening into said first chamber, the second end being axially unrestrained; each of said reaction tubes is comprised of an oxygen selective ion transport membrane with an anode side wherein said oxygen selective ion transport membrane is formed from a mixed conductor metal oxide that is effective for the transport of elemental oxygen at elevated temperatures and at least a portion of said first and second heat transfer sections are formed of metal; each of said reaction tubes includes first and second heat transfer sections and a reaction section, said reaction section disposed between said first and second heat transfer sections; a reforming catalyst disposed about said anode side of said oxygen selective ion transport membrane; a first process gas inlet; a second process gas inlet; and, a plurality of outlets.

Abstract translation: 一种反应器，包括：限定密封外壳的中空壳体; 设置在所述密封外壳内的多个管板，所述多个管板中的第一管板限定第一室; 每个具有第一端和相对的第二端的至少一个反应管，所述第一端固定地附接并且基本上气密地密封在所述多个管板的一端并进入所述第一室，所述第二端轴向无约束; 每个所述反应管由具有阳极侧的氧选择性离子迁移膜组成，其中所述氧选择性离子迁移膜由混合导电金属氧化物形成，所述混合导体金属氧化物对于在升高的温度下运输元素氧和至少一部分 所述第一和第二传热部分由金属形成; 每个所述反应管包括第一和第二传热部分和反应部分，所述反应部分设置在所述第一和第二传热部分之间; 设置在所述氧选择性离子迁移膜的所述阳极侧周围的重整催化剂; 第一工艺气体入口; 第二工艺气体入口; 和多个出口。

公开(公告)号：US6019885A

公开(公告)日：2000-02-01

申请号：US487945

申请日：1995-06-07

Applicant: Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John G. Frye, Jr. ,  Wayne R. Kliewer

Inventor： Terry J. Mazanec ,  Thomas L. Cable ,  John G. Frye, Jr. ,  Wayne R. Kliewer

IPC: B01D53/32 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01J4/04 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/38 ,  C01B13/02 ,  C01C3/02 ,  C01G45/00 ,  C01G49/00 ,  C01G51/00 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B5/00 ,  H01M8/12 ,  C25B1/02

CPC classification number: H01M8/1246 ,  B01D53/326 ,  B01D67/0041 ,  B01D67/0072 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D69/145 ,  B01D71/02 ,  B01D71/022 ,  B01D71/024 ,  B01J12/007 ,  B01J19/2475 ,  B01J8/009 ,  C01B13/0255 ,  C01B13/0288 ,  C01B3/36 ,  C01B3/386 ,  C01C3/0216 ,  C01C3/0225 ,  C01C3/0233 ,  C01G45/125 ,  C01G45/1264 ,  C01G49/0018 ,  C01G49/0036 ,  C01G49/0054 ,  C01G49/009 ,  C01G51/006 ,  C01G51/40 ,  C01G51/68 ,  C25B3/02 ,  C25B5/00 ,  H01M8/12 ,  H01M8/1231 ,  H01M8/124 ,  B01D2323/10 ,  B01D2323/12 ,  B01D2325/26 ,  B01J2208/00044 ,  B01J2208/00106 ,  B01J2208/00309 ,  B01J2208/00336 ,  B01J2208/00345 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/00058 ,  B01J2219/00117 ,  B01J2219/00123 ,  B01J2219/00126 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  B01J2219/00186 ,  C01B2203/0261 ,  C01B2203/1035 ,  C01B2203/1241 ,  C01B2203/1258 ,  C01B2210/0003 ,  C01B2210/0012 ,  C01B2210/0071 ,  C01B2210/0075 ,  C01P2002/34 ,  C01P2002/52 ,  C01P2002/54 ,  C01P2004/03 ,  C01P2004/80 ,  C01P2006/12 ,  C01P2006/40 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02P70/56

Abstract: An electrochemical process for extracting oxygen from an oxygen-containing gas which uses an electrochemical cell having two zones separated by a multi-component membrane made from intimate, gas-impervious, multi-phase mixture of an electronically conductive phase and an oxygen ion-conducting phase. In one zone a gas containing oxygen is passed in contact with the membrane. In the other zone a gas capable of reacting with oxygen is passed in contact with the membrane.

Abstract translation: 一种用于从含氧气体中提取氧气的电化学方法，其使用具有由多组分膜隔开的两个区域的电化学电池，所述多组分膜由电子导电相和氧离子导电的紧密，气体不渗透的多相混合物 相。 在一个区域中，含氧气体与膜接触。 在另一区域中，能够与氧反应的气体与膜接触地通过。

公开(公告)号：US5972302A

公开(公告)日：1999-10-26

申请号：US8327

申请日：1998-01-16

Applicant: James M. Tranquilla ,  Paul R. Kruesi

Inventor： James M. Tranquilla ,  Paul R. Kruesi

IPC: B01J8/24 ,  B01J8/42 ,  B01J19/12 ,  C22B1/02 ,  C22B1/10 ,  C22B11/02 ,  C22B15/00 ,  F27B15/14 ,  C01G49/06 ,  C01B17/06

CPC classification number: B01J8/1809 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J8/42 ,  C22B1/02 ,  C22B1/10 ,  C22B11/02 ,  C22B15/0015 ,  F27B15/14 ,  B01J2208/00044 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2219/1215

Abstract: Pyritic ores are heated with microwave energy in a fluidized bed to a temperature in the range of approximately 573 degrees Kelvin to 823 degrees Kelvin with a controlled amount of oxygen to promote the oxidation of the pyritic ores according to the reaction: 2FeS.sub.2 +3/2 O.sub.2 .fwdarw.Fe.sub.2 O.sub.3 +4S, thereby preventing the production of sulphur dioxide.

Abstract translation: 黄铁矿在流化床中用微波能加热至约573开氏度至823开氏度的温度，并具有受控量的氧气，以根据以下反应促进黄铁矿的氧化：2FeS2 + 3/2 O2-> Fe2O3 + 4S，从而防止二氧化硫的产生。

公开(公告)号：US5352350A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-04

申请号：US837468

申请日：1992-02-14

Applicant: Panayotis C. Andricacos ,  John O. Dukovic ,  Lubomyr T. Romankiw

Inventor： Panayotis C. Andricacos ,  John O. Dukovic ,  Lubomyr T. Romankiw

IPC: C23C18/16 ,  C23F1/00 ,  C25D21/14 ,  G03F7/30 ,  G05D11/13 ,  G05D21/02 ,  C25D21/18 ,  C25D21/20

CPC classification number: G03F7/3071 ,  C23C18/1617 ,  C23F1/00 ,  C25D21/14 ,  G05D11/139 ,  G05D21/02 ,  B01J2208/00628

Abstract: A method is described for maintaining constant chemical composition in solutions used for wet chemical processing. All chemical species that are deliberately included in the bath are kept at constant concentration primarily by a method of compensating for their depletion or generation with a set of feed solutions that are formulated and dosed into the bath in accordance with an overall material balance. Further, all chemical species not deliberately included in the bath are kept at constant concentration primarily by keeping the aggregate volume of replenishing stocks in strict proportion to the process service performed by the bath (e.g. the charge passed in an electroplating cell). Finally, a time-based scheme completes the control of the concentration of all bath species by controlling any species (whether deliberately included in the bath or not) that is depleted or generated as the result of chemical reactions which occur independently and/or spontaneously with time. Maintaining all bath chemical species at constant concentration prevents bath aging and permits production of more uniform work pieces from the bath.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种用于在用于湿化学处理的溶液中保持恒定化学成分的方法。 有意包含在浴中的所有化学物质主要通过补偿其消耗或产生的方法保持恒定浓度，所述方法通过根据整体物料平衡配制并投入浴中的一组进料溶液。 此外，不是故意包括在浴中的所有化学物质都保持恒定浓度，主要是通过保持补充料的总体积与由浴进行的处理服务（例如在电镀槽中通过的电荷）严格成比例。 最后，基于时间的方案通过控制任何物种（无论是故意包括在浴中）是否完全控制所有沐浴物种的浓度，由于化学反应的结果而耗尽或产生，这些化学反应独立地和/或自发地发生， 时间。 保持恒定浓度的所有浴化学物质可以防止沐浴老化，并允许从浴中生产更均匀的工件。

公开(公告)号：US4003712A

公开(公告)日：1977-01-18

申请号：US558435

申请日：1975-03-14

Applicant: Adam R. Miller

Inventor： Adam R. Miller

IPC: B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/24 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08F10/02 ,  C08F110/02 ,  C08F210/16

CPC classification number: B01J8/1809 ,  B01J8/0035 ,  C08F10/00 ,  C08F10/02 ,  B01J2208/00256 ,  B01J2208/00274 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2208/00761 ,  C08F110/02 ,  C08F210/16 ,  Y10S526/901

Abstract: A fluid bed reactor system and process employing a silyl chromate catalyst therein wherein the reactor system comprises a vertical reactor having a fluidizing medium permeable distribution plate towards the base thereof, a fluidizing medium supply line to supply fluidizing medium to the base of the reactor, a catalyst injection means to supply particulate catalyst to the side of the reactor, a polymer product recovery means to recover polymer product from the reactor and beneath the distribution plate, a fluidizing medium recycle line to recycle the fluidizing medium from and to the reactor, and a heat exchanger in the recycle line to remove heat of reaction from the recycled fluidizing medium.

Abstract translation: 一种流化床反应器系统及其中使用甲硅烷基铬酸盐催化剂的方法，其中反应器系统包括一个垂直反应器，该立式反应器具有朝向其底部的流化介质渗透分布板，流化介质供应管线，用于将流化介质供应到反应器的底部， 催化剂注入装置将颗粒催化剂供应到反应器侧，聚合物产物回收装置用于从反应器和分配板下方回收聚合物产物，流化介质循环管线将流化介质从反应器再循环到反应器，以及 热交换器，以从再循环的流化介质中除去反应热。

公开(公告)号：US12129172B2

公开(公告)日：2024-10-29

申请号：US16891004

申请日：2020-06-02

Applicant: Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Inventor： Laureen Meroueh

IPC: C01B3/08 ,  B01J4/02 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C22C21/08 ,  C23C10/26 ,  B01J4/00 ,  C22F1/047

CPC classification number: C01B3/08 ,  B01J7/02 ,  B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/0015 ,  C01B3/02 ,  C22C21/08 ,  C23C10/26 ,  B01J4/001 ,  B01J4/008 ,  B01J2208/00628 ,  B01J2208/00743 ,  B01J2219/00274 ,  C01B2203/1657 ,  C01B2203/169 ,  C22F1/047 ,  Y02E60/36

Abstract: Compositions, methods, and reactors related to hydrogen production are generally described.