公开(公告)号：US06979700B2

公开(公告)日：2005-12-27

申请号：US10271622

申请日：2002-10-16

Applicant: Peter X. Ma

Inventor： Peter X. Ma

IPC: B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28

CPC classification number: B29C67/20 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/048 ,  C08J2201/054

Abstract: A method for preparing a highly porous, high surface area non-degradable material includes the steps of mixing a non-degradable polymer with a solvent or mixture of solvents; gelling the mixture; and treating the gel under conditions whereby a substantially solvent free porous structure is created having a porosity greater than about 80%. The resultant material is mechanically strong and has an architecture including at least one of nano fibrous, micro fibrous, non fibrous, complex porous structure with nano fibrous architecture, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract translation: 制备高度多孔，高表面积不可降解材料的方法包括将不可降解聚合物与溶剂或溶剂混合物混合的步骤; 凝胶混合物 并在条件下处理凝胶，由此产生具有大于约80％的孔隙率的基本上无溶剂的多孔结构。 所得到的材料是机械强度并且具有包括纳米纤维，微纤维，非纤维状，具有纳米纤维结构的复合多孔结构中的至少一种及其混合物的结构。

公开(公告)号：US20040219185A1

公开(公告)日：2004-11-04

申请号：US10856329

申请日：2004-05-28

Inventor： Timothy Ringeisen

IPC: A61F002/00

CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  A61L27/18 ,  A61L27/48 ,  A61L27/52 ,  A61L27/54 ,  A61L27/56 ,  A61L2300/114 ,  A61L2300/236 ,  A61L2300/252 ,  A61L2300/406 ,  A61L2300/42 ,  A61L2300/43 ,  A61L2300/64 ,  A61L2300/802 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  Y10T428/1386 ,  Y10T428/139 ,  C08L75/04

Abstract: Porous polymers having a plurality of openings or chambers that are highly convoluted, with each chamber being defined by multiple, thin, flat partitions are produced by a new gel enhanced phase separation technique. In a preferred embodiment, a second solvent is added to a polymer solution, the second solvent causing the solution to gel. The gel can then be shaped as needed. Subsequent solvent extraction leaves the porous polymeric body of defined shape. The porous polymers have utility as medical prostheses, the porosity permitting ingrowth of neighboring tissue. The present technique also enhances shape-making capability, for example, of bifurcated vascular grafts, which feature a common entrance region but two or more exit regions.

Abstract translation: 通过新的凝胶增强相分离技术产生多孔聚合物，其具有高度卷曲的多个开口或室，每个室由多个薄的平坦隔板限定。 在优选的实施方案中，将第二溶剂加入到聚合物溶液中，第二溶剂使溶液凝胶化。 然后可以根据需要成型凝胶。 随后的溶剂萃取离开具有限定形状的多孔聚合物体。 多孔聚合物可用作医用假体，孔隙度允许相邻组织向内生长。 本技术还增强了成形能力，例如分叉血管移植物，其特征在于共同的入口区域，但具有两个或更多个出口区域。

公开(公告)号：US06177181B1

公开(公告)日：2001-01-23

申请号：US09117275

申请日：1998-07-23

Applicant: Toyozo Hamada ,  Shuji Nakatsuka ,  Kiyoharu Mizumoto

Inventor： Toyozo Hamada ,  Shuji Nakatsuka ,  Kiyoharu Mizumoto

IPC: B32B326

CPC classification number: B32B27/06 ,  B01D67/0011 ,  B01D69/02 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D2323/30 ,  B01D2325/04 ,  B32B3/266 ,  B32B5/18 ,  B32B23/20 ,  B32B27/286 ,  B32B27/30 ,  B32B27/302 ,  B32B27/36 ,  B32B2367/00 ,  B41M5/506 ,  B41M5/5254 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/0502 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  C08J2201/0543 ,  C08J2201/0546 ,  Y10T428/249953 ,  Y10T428/31634 ,  Y10T428/31692 ,  Y10T428/31855 ,  Y10T428/31982 ,  Y10T428/31996

Abstract: Porous membranes having a micro phase separation structure and showing a light transmittance at the wavelength of 400 nm of not less than 30% are obtained by the dry phase conversion method comprising drying a coating layer of a dope containing a polymer, a good solvent for the polymer and a poor solvent for the polymer which solvent has a higher boiling point than the good solvent. The polymer includes cellulose derivatives, vinyl-series polymers such as acrylonitrile-series polymers and (meth)acrylic acid ester-series polymers, polysulfone-series polymers, and the like. The porous polymer membranes have a porosity of 10 to 60%, a mean pore size of about 0.002 to 0.35 &mgr;m and a maximum pore size of not greater than 0.4 &mgr;m. These porous membranes shows not only excellent transparency but also high productivity.

Abstract translation: 具有微相分离结构并且在400nm波长下显示光透射率不小于30％的多孔膜通过干相转化方法获得，该方法包括干燥含有聚合物的涂料的涂层，用于 聚合物和溶剂的不良溶剂，该溶剂的沸点高于良溶剂。 聚合物包括纤维素衍生物，乙烯基系聚合物如丙烯腈系聚合物和（甲基）丙烯酸酯系聚合物，聚砜系聚合物等。 多孔聚合物膜具有10至60％的孔隙率，约0.002至0.35μm的平均孔径和不大于0.4μm的最大孔径。 这些多孔膜不仅具有优异的透明性，而且显示出高生产率。

公开(公告)号：US5382285A

公开(公告)日：1995-01-17

申请号：US43300

申请日：1993-04-06

Applicant: Robert L. Morrison

Inventor： Robert L. Morrison

IPC: C08J9/00 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C09D105/00 ,  C08L89/00 ,  C08L93/00

CPC classification number: C08J9/0085 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/048 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  C08J2305/00 ,  C08J2389/00

Abstract: Biofoam is a rigid, opaque microcellular organic foam made from organic materials derived from natural products and biological organisms. Typical organic materials are agar, agarose, gelatin, algin, alginates, gellan gum, and microcrystalline cellulose. The organic material is dissolved in a polar solvent, typically water, and the solution can be gelled immediately. The gel is frozen and freeze-dried to form the biofoam. Alternatively, a nonpolar solvent is added to the solution and emulsified. The resulting emulsion is then gelled, frozen, and freeze-dried. A variety of crystalline, fibrous, or metallic additives may be added to produce lightweight composite materials with enhanced strength and insulating properties. The amount of dilution of the organic material in the solvent(s) determines the density of the resulting biofoams, which ranges from about 1.0 mg/cm.sup.3 to about 500 mg/cm.sup.3.

Abstract translation: 生物泡沫塑料是由天然产物和生物有机体衍生的有机材料制成的刚性，不透明的微孔有机泡沫。 典型的有机材料是琼脂，琼脂糖，明胶，藻酸盐，藻酸盐，结冷胶和微晶纤维素。 将有机材料溶解在极性溶剂中，通常为水，并且溶液可以立即凝胶化。 将凝胶冷冻并冷冻干燥以形成生物泡沫。 或者，将非极性溶剂加入到溶液中并乳化。 然后将所得乳液凝胶化，冷冻并冷冻干燥。 可以加入各种结晶，纤维或金属添加剂以产生具有增强的强度和绝缘性能的轻质复合材料。 有机材料在溶剂中的稀释量决定所得生物泡沫的密度，其范围为约1.0mg / cm 3至约500mg / cm 3。

公开(公告)号：US5366671A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-22

申请号：US196727

申请日：1994-02-15

Applicant: Kumiko Kimura

Inventor： Kumiko Kimura

IPC: C08J9/28 ,  B29C67/20

CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  C08J2305/00

Abstract: A spongy material is produced by the steps of suspending a suitable quantity of finely divided particles of a thermoreversible gel in an aqueous solution of glucomannan-rich flour, adding an alkali to the suspension, allowing the suspension to gel, freezing the gelled suspension, thawing and leaching the same with hot water to leave a skeleton of a water-insoluble, thermally irreversible gel matrix. After drying, a spongy material having a relatively uniform cellular texture and a pleasant feel to the skin is obtained.

Abstract translation: 通过以下步骤生产海绵状材料：将适量的细微分散的热可逆凝胶颗粒悬浮在富含葡甘露聚糖的面粉的水溶液中，向悬浮液中加入碱，使悬浮液凝胶化，冻结凝胶悬液，解冻 并用热水浸出，以留下不溶于水的热不可逆凝胶基质的骨架。 干燥后，获得具有相对均匀的细胞纹理和令人愉快的皮肤感觉的海绵状材料。

公开(公告)号：US4118449A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-03

申请号：US749205

申请日：1976-12-09

Applicant: James A. Rinde

Inventor： James A. Rinde

IPC: C08J9/00 ,  C08J9/28 ,  B29D27/00

CPC classification number: C08J9/28 ,  C08J9/00 ,  C08J2201/048 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  C08J2301/12 ,  Y10S376/916

Abstract: Low-density microcellular foam having a cell size of not greater than 2 .mu.m and method of making by dissolving cellulose acetate in an acetone-based solvent, gelling the solution in a water bath maintained at 0-10.degree. C for a selected period of time to allow impurities to diffuse out, freezing the gel, and then freeze-drying wherein water and solvents sublime and the gel structure solidifies into low-density microcellular foam. The foam has a density of 0.065 to 0.6.times.10.sup.3 kg/m.sup.3 and cell size of about 0.3 to 2 .mu.m. The small cell size foam is particularly adaptable for encapsulation of laser targets.

Abstract translation: 细胞尺寸不大于2μm的低密度微孔泡沫体和通过将乙酸纤维素溶解在丙酮溶剂中制备的方法，将溶液凝胶保持在0-10℃的水浴中一段选定时间 时间允许杂质扩散出来，冷冻凝胶，然后冷冻干燥，其中水和溶剂升华，凝胶结构固化成低密度微孔泡沫。 泡沫体的密度为0.065〜0.6×10 3 kg / m 3，电池尺寸为0.3〜2μm左右。 小泡沫泡沫特别适用于激光靶的封装。

公开(公告)号：US4034032A

公开(公告)日：1977-07-05

申请号：US609640

申请日：1975-09-02

Applicant: Charles D. Hendricks

Inventor： Charles D. Hendricks

IPC: C08J9/28 ,  H05H1/22 ,  B29D27/04 ,  C01B4/00

CPC classification number: G21B1/19 ,  C08J9/28 ,  C08J2201/048 ,  C08J2201/054 ,  C08J2301/12 ,  Y02E30/16 ,  Y10S376/916 ,  Y10T428/2991

Abstract: Foam encapsulated laser fusion targets are made by positioning a fusion fuel-filled sphere within a mold cavity of suitable configuration and dimensions, and then filling the cavity with a material capable of producing a low density, microcellular foam, such as cellulose acetate dissolved in an acetone-based solvent. The mold assembly is dipped into an ice water bath to gel the material and thereafter soaked in the water bath to leach out undesired components, after which the gel is frozen, then freeze-dried wherein water and solvents sublime and the gel structure solidifies into a low-density microcellular foam, thereafter the resulting foam encapsulated target is removed from the mold cavity. The fuel-filled sphere is surrounded by foam having a thickness of about 10 to 100 .mu.m, a cell size of less than 2 .mu.m, and density of 0.065 to 0.6 .times. 10.sup.3 kg/m.sup.3. Various configured foam-encapsulated targets capable of being made by this encapsulation method are illustrated.

Abstract translation: 泡沫包封的激光熔化靶是通过将熔融填充的填充球定位在合适的构造和尺寸的模腔内，然后用能够产生低密度微孔泡沫的材料（例如溶解在 丙酮类溶剂。 将模具组件浸入冰水浴中以凝胶化材料，然后在水浴中浸泡以浸出不需要的组分，然后将凝胶冷冻，然后冷冻干燥，其中水和溶剂升华，凝胶结构固化成 低密度微孔泡沫，然后将所得的泡沫包封的目标物从模腔中除去。 充满燃料的球体由具有约10至100μm厚度的泡沫，细胞尺寸小于2μm，密度为0.065至0.6×10 3 kg / m 3的泡沫包围。 示出了能够通过该封装方法制造的各种配置的泡沫封装的靶。