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    Aviation gasoline formulation
    35.
    发明授权
    Aviation gasoline formulation 有权
    航空汽油配方

    公开(公告)号：US07897034B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-03-01

    申请号：US11094178

    申请日：2005-03-31

    Applicant: Edimilson Jesus De Oliveira ,  Mauro Iurk Rocha

    Inventor： Edimilson Jesus De Oliveira ,  Mauro Iurk Rocha

    IPC: C10L1/06 ,  C10L1/16

    CPC classification number: C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/023 ,  C10L1/06 ,  C10L1/1608 ,  C10L1/1824 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L10/10

    Abstract: An aviation gasoline (Avgas) formulation free from tetraethyl lead (TEL) for piston driven aircraft is described, the formulation comprising, in volume percent, between 0 and 65.2 base alkylate, between 0 and 50 super-alkylate, between 0 and 25 toluene, between 2 and 10 of a toluidine isomer blend, between 0 and 5 ethyl alcohol, between 0 and 25 C5 cut and between 0 and 10 triptane. The formulations are prepared by admixing the components, with the order of mixing being from the denser to the less dense, except in the case of the toluidine isomer blend, which in spite of being the denser product is the latest to be added to the other streams in order to by-pass homogenization problems.

    Abstract translation: 描述了用于活塞式飞行器的不含四乙基铅（TEL）的航空汽油（Avgas）制剂，其体积百分数包含0至65.2的烷基化碱，0至50个超烷基化物，0至25甲苯， 2至10个甲苯胺异构体共混物，0至5个乙醇之间，0至25个C5切割和0至10个三庚烷之间。 制剂通过混合组分制备，混合顺序从更致密到较不致密，除了在甲苯胺异构体共混物的情况下，尽管更致密的产物是最新添加到另一种 流为了旁路均质化问题。

    Leaded aviation gasoline
    36.
    发明授权
    Leaded aviation gasoline 有权
    领先的航空汽油

    公开(公告)号：US07862629B2

    公开(公告)日：2011-01-04

    申请号：US11104151

    申请日：2005-04-12

    Applicant: Roger Grant Gaughan ,  William S. Blazowski ,  Daniel Dawson Lowrey ,  Thomas Mack Bell

    Inventor： Roger Grant Gaughan ,  William S. Blazowski ,  Daniel Dawson Lowrey ,  Thomas Mack Bell

    IPC: C10L1/22

    CPC classification number: C10L10/10 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/223 ,  C10L1/306

    Abstract: Aviation gasolines having an enhanced peak indicated mean effective pressure are provided by admixing with a leaded base aviation gasoline an aromatic amine of the formula NH2—Ar—(R1)n wherein R1 is selected from C1-C10 alkyl, halogen, and mixtures thereof provided that when R1 is alkyl it occupies the meta- or para-positions on the aromatic ring, Ar is a phenyl aromatic group and n is an integer from 0 to 3 to provide an aviation gasoline having a peak indicated mean effective pressure as determined by ASTM D-909 of greater than about 200 psi.

    Abstract translation: 具有增强峰值的航空汽油表示平均有效压力通过与含铅基础航空汽油混合而得到式NH2-Ar-（R1）n的芳族胺，其中R1选自C1-C10烷基，卤素及其混合物 当R1是烷基时，它占据芳香环上的间位或对位，Ar是苯基芳基，n是0至3的整数，以提供具有峰的平均有效压力的航空汽油，其通过ASTM D-909大于约200psi。

    Low dosage naphthenate inhibitors
    39.
    发明授权
    Low dosage naphthenate inhibitors 有权
    低剂量环烷酸盐抑制剂

    公开(公告)号：US07776931B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

    申请号：US10944288

    申请日：2004-09-17

    Applicant: Petrus Johannes Venter ,  Vaughn M. Nace ,  Sen J. Ubbels

    Inventor： Petrus Johannes Venter ,  Vaughn M. Nace ,  Sen J. Ubbels

    IPC: B01D17/05 ,  C09K8/524 ,  E21B37/06 ,  B01F17/14 ,  C09K8/60

    CPC classification number: C09K8/524 ,  C10G29/20 ,  C10G33/04 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/203 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/2641

    Abstract: Low dosage naphthenate inhibitors, such as a surfactant or hydrotrope, delivered into production fluids for contact with mixtures of oil and water, such as in a hydrocarbon producing formation, production equipment, or processing systems. Inhibitor compounds such as monophosphate esters and diphosphate esters exhibit surface-active properties that cause the inhibitors to self-associate at oil-water interfaces and inhibit interactions between organic acids in the oil with cations or cation complexes in the water. These compounds also inhibit aggregation of organic acid carboxylate salts that form when pH and pressure conditions are amenable to organic acid ionization. Preferred inhibitors do not form emulsions due to the formation of unstable mixed interface structures that result in coalescence of dispersed droplets. Naphthenate inhibitor compound dosages of less than 100 ppm can effectively inhibit naphthenate salts or other organic acid salts that can form precipitates or emulsions during crude oil production or processing.

    Abstract translation: 低剂量环烷酸盐抑制剂，例如表面活性剂或水溶助长剂，被输送到用于与油和水的混合物接触的生产流体中，例如在烃生产地层，生产设备或处理系统中。 抑制剂化合物如单磷酸酯和二磷酸酯显示出表面活性的性质，其导致抑制剂在油 - 水界面处自相关并且抑制油中的有机酸与水中的阳离子或阳离子配合物之间的相互作用。 当pH和压力条件适于有机酸电离时，这些化合物还抑制形成的有机酸羧酸盐的聚集。 优选的抑制剂由于形成不稳定的混合界面结构而不形成乳液，这导致分散液滴的聚结。 小于100ppm的环烷酸盐抑制剂化合物剂量可以有效地抑制在原油生产或加工过程中可形成析出物或乳液的环烷酸盐或其它有机酸盐。

    Methods for inhibiting naphthenate salt precipitates and naphthenate-stabilized emulsions
    40.
    发明授权
    Methods for inhibiting naphthenate salt precipitates and naphthenate-stabilized emulsions 有权
    抑制环烷酸盐沉淀和环烷酸酯稳定乳液的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07776930B2

    公开(公告)日：2010-08-17

    申请号：US10869826

    申请日：2004-06-16

    Applicant: Sen J. Ubbels

    Inventor： Sen J. Ubbels

    IPC: B01D17/05 ,  C09K8/524 ,  E21B37/06 ,  B01F17/14 ,  C09K8/60

    CPC classification number: C09K8/524 ,  C10G29/20 ,  C10G33/04 ,  C10G2300/1033 ,  C10G2300/203 ,  C10L1/14 ,  C10L1/1881 ,  C10L1/2641

    Abstract: Inhibiting naphthenate salts that can form precipitates or emulsions during crude oil production or processing. An effective amount of a naphthenate inhibitor, such as a hydrotrope, is provided into the production fluids for contact with mixtures of oil and water in the formation, the production equipment, or processing systems. It is believed that the naphthenate inhibitors, such as monophosphate ester or diphosphate ester, exhibit surface-active properties that cause the inhibitors to align and concentrate in a layer at the oil-water interface and thereby prevent interactions between organic acids in the oil phase with cations or cation complexes in the water. It is believed that the physical positioning and geometry of the naphthenate inhibitor blocks the growth of naphthenate salt crystals. However, it is preferred that the naphthenate inhibitors also avoid the formation of oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions.

    Abstract translation: 在原油生产或加工过程中抑制可形成沉淀物或乳液的环烷酸盐。 在地层，生产设备或处理系统中，将有效量的环烷酸盐抑制剂，例如水溶助长剂提供到与油和水的混合物接触的生产流体中。 据信环烷酸盐抑制剂，例如单磷酸酯或二磷酸酯，表现出表面活性的性质，其导致抑制剂在油 - 水界面的层中排列和浓缩，从而防止油相中的有机酸与油相中的相互作用与 阳离子或阳离子配合物在水中。 据信环烷酸盐抑制剂的物理定位和几何形状阻止环烷酸盐晶体的生长。 然而，优选的是，环烷酸盐抑制剂还避免了水包油和油包水乳液的形成。

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