公开(公告)号：US20130045143A1

公开(公告)日：2013-02-21

申请号：US13522312

申请日：2011-08-19

Applicant: Raymond Douglas Steele ,  Sivaguru Kanniappan ,  Raul Eduardo Ayala ,  Zhaohui Yang ,  Dejia Wang ,  Yan Zhou ,  Karunagaran Sivagurunathan ,  Murugaraja Sengottaiyan

Inventor： Raymond Douglas Steele ,  Sivaguru Kanniappan ,  Raul Eduardo Ayala ,  Zhaohui Yang ,  Dejia Wang ,  Yan Zhou ,  Karunagaran Sivagurunathan ,  Murugaraja Sengottaiyan

IPC: F27B5/14 ,  B01J19/00 ,  F27D19/00 ,  B01J8/00 ,  F27D13/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/506 ,  C10J2300/0903 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/0913 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/1625 ,  C10L1/322 ,  C10L1/324 ,  C10L1/326 ,  C10L2230/14 ,  C10L2290/04 ,  C10L2290/06 ,  F28D2021/0098 ,  Y10T137/0324 ,  Y10T137/0391

Abstract: The disclosed embodiments relate to systems and methods for heating a slurry to increase a solids concentration of the slurry while maintaining the viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity. For example, in one embodiment, a system includes a fuel slurry preparation system having a slurry tank configured to hold a fuel slurry, the fuel slurry having a solid fuel and a liquid. The fuel slurry preparation system also includes a heat source and a controller configured to control the heat source to heat the fuel slurry to decrease a viscosity of the slurry below a threshold viscosity.

公开(公告)号：US20110041394A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-24

申请号：US12583448

申请日：2009-08-21

Applicant: Joseph Carl Firey

Inventor： Joseph Carl Firey

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/324

Abstract: A method for reducing tar fuel viscosity by steam heating, during slurrification in a rotary slurrifier, is described for creating slurries of many small tar particles suspended in a continuous water phase. This heating is done at pressure to avoid evaporation of the water. The tar in water slurry is evaporatively cooled by subsequent depressurization.

Abstract translation: 描述了一种通过蒸汽加热在旋流式除泥机中脱气期间降低焦油燃料粘度的方法，用于产生悬浮在连续水相中的许多小焦油颗粒的浆料。 该加热在压力下进行，以避免水的蒸发。 水浆中的焦油通过随后的减压蒸发冷却。

公开(公告)号：US06887282B2

公开(公告)日：2005-05-03

申请号：US10068285

申请日：2002-02-05

Applicant: Vince M. Giampa ,  John T. Dubiel ,  Orville Lyons

Inventor： Vince M. Giampa ,  John T. Dubiel ,  Orville Lyons

IPC: C10L1/32 ,  C10L5/14 ,  C10L5/00 ,  C10L9/10

CPC classification number: C10L5/361 ,  C10L1/324 ,  C10L1/328 ,  C10L5/14

Abstract: A chemical change agent containing water, tall oil, glycerides, and surfactants is used to create synthetic fuels. An alternate composition contains water, glycerides, and surfactants. The chemical change agent is formed by heating the tall oil; combining water, fatty acids, and surfactant; and adding the heated tall oil and the water, fatty acid, and surfactant to form an emulsion. The synthetic fuel contains coal and the chemical change agent. The synthetic fuel is formed by mixing coal with the chemical change agent and pressing the two components into a briquette or other suitable treatment to create a finished product.

Abstract translation: 使用含有水，妥尔油，甘油酯和表面活性剂的化学变化剂来制造合成燃料。 另一种组合物含有水，甘油酯和表面活性剂。 通过加热妥尔油形成化学变化剂; 结合水，脂肪酸和表面活性剂; 并加入加热的妥尔油和水，脂肪酸和表面活性剂以形成乳液。 合成燃料含有煤和化学变化剂。 合成燃料通过将煤与化学变化剂混合并将两种组分压制成团块或其它合适的处理以形成成品而形成。

公开(公告)号：US6069178A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-30

申请号：US57879

申请日：1998-04-09

Applicant: Ignacio A. Layrisse ,  Nilia C Romero ,  Gustavo A. Nunez

Inventor： Ignacio A. Layrisse ,  Nilia C Romero ,  Gustavo A. Nunez

IPC: B01F17/00 ,  C08L95/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  E01C7/26 ,  B01F3/00 ,  C10L1/10

CPC classification number: B01F17/0021 ,  B01F17/0085 ,  C08L95/005 ,  C10L1/324 ,  E01C7/26 ,  Y10S516/927

Abstract: A process for preparing a hydrocarbon in water emulsion includes the steps of providing a hydrocarbon phase containing inactive natural surfactant; mixing a solid carbon additive with the hydrocarbon phase, the solid additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereof so as to provide a hydrocarbon suspension including the solid carbon additive; and forming an emulsion from the hydrocarbon suspension and an aqueous phase in the presence of a surfactant activating additive so as to activate the inactive natural surfactant and form a hydrocarbon in water emulsion having the solid carbon additive suspended in the hydrocarbon phase. A hydrocarbon in water emulsion is also provided including a hydrocarbon phase, a water phase, a surfactant, and a solid carbon additive suspended in the hydrocarbon phase, the solid carbon additive being selected from the group consisting of coal, coke and mixtures thereof.

公开(公告)号：US5902359A

公开(公告)日：1999-05-11

申请号：US842654

申请日：1997-04-15

Applicant: Jorge Luis Vargas Grosso ,  Oscar J. Medina Suarez ,  Gonzalo Diaz Leal ,  Rigoberto Barrero ,  Lilia Rodriguez

Inventor： Jorge Luis Vargas Grosso ,  Oscar J. Medina Suarez ,  Gonzalo Diaz Leal ,  Rigoberto Barrero ,  Lilia Rodriguez

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/324

Abstract: An on-line and/or batch process to obtain a liquid mixture consisting of coal/asphaltenes-fuel oil/heavy crude oil-surfactant-water, through dispersion of a coal-water mixture, using a mechanical element defined as a static mixer or a tank with shaking.

Abstract translation: 通过使用定义为静态混合器的机械元件通过煤 - 水混合物的分散获得由煤/沥青质 - 燃料油/重质原油 - 表面活性剂 - 水组成的液体混合物的在线和/或分批方法或 一个摇晃的坦克

公开(公告)号：US5780518A

公开(公告)日：1998-07-14

申请号：US500850

申请日：1995-10-20

Applicant: Valery Vladimirovich Mulyarchik ,  Vladimir Nikolaevich Drozdov ,  Anatoly Shzoresovich Grebenkov ,  Gennady Ivanovich Shzuravsky ,  Leonid Michailovich Vinogradov ,  Valery Grigorjevich Konstantinov ,  Anatoly Vasiljevich Kuharev

Inventor： Valery Vladimirovich Mulyarchik ,  Vladimir Nikolaevich Drozdov ,  Anatoly Shzoresovich Grebenkov ,  Gennady Ivanovich Shzuravsky ,  Leonid Michailovich Vinogradov ,  Valery Grigorjevich Konstantinov ,  Anatoly Vasiljevich Kuharev

IPC: B29B13/10 ,  C10G1/10 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C08J11/14

CPC classification number: C10G1/10 ,  B29B13/10 ,  C10L1/324 ,  B29K2021/00 ,  B29K2105/26 ,  B29L2030/00 ,  Y02W30/68

Abstract: The invention relates to the technology of reprocessing industrial and domestic waste. The problem addressed is reducing energy consumption and the quantity of toxic waste which enters the environment when rubber waste is reprocessed. This problem is solved by the use of superheated steam for the pyrolysis of the waste material. Superheated steam, amounting to between 18 and 110 percent of the mass of the rubber waste, is used as the heat carrier. The gaseous products of pyrolysis are condensed together with the steam, and the condensate thus obtained is mixed with the solid residue which has first undergone preliminary grinding to produce particles of between 0.001 and 0.210 mm in size. The quantity of solid residue in the mixture is set at between 23 and 55.8 percent of the total mass of the mixture. This process results in the production of a liquid fuel with improved environmental characteristics.

Abstract translation: PCT No.PCT / BY94 / 00004 Sec。 371日期：1995年8月4日 102（e）日期1995年8月4日PCT 1994年12月8日PCT PCT。 出版物WO95 / 15840 日期1995年6月15日本发明涉及工业和家庭废物再加工技术。 所解决的问题是减少能量消耗和进行环境的有毒废物的数量，这是因为橡胶废料被再处理。 这个问题是通过使用过热蒸汽来解决废物的热解。 用作热载体的过热蒸汽量约为橡胶废料质量的18至110％。 将热解的气态产物与蒸汽一起冷凝，将得到的冷凝物与首先经过初步研磨的固体残余物混合，以产生大小在0.001至0.210mm之间的颗粒。 混合物中固体残留物的量设定在混合物总质量的23％至55.8％之间。 该过程导致生产具有改善的环境特性的液体燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4804495A

公开(公告)日：1989-02-14

申请号：US923968

申请日：1986-10-28

Applicant: Dominique Bouchez ,  Gilbert Casamata ,  Pascale Fournier ,  Christian Bernasconi

Inventor： Dominique Bouchez ,  Gilbert Casamata ,  Pascale Fournier ,  Christian Bernasconi

IPC: C10L1/32 ,  C10L10/18 ,  B01J13/00

CPC classification number: C10L1/324 ,  C10L1/328

Abstract: Composition comprising heavy hydrocarbons and water, having a viscosity much lower than that of the hydrocarbons it contains. It is constituted by a multiple emulsion, the internal phase of which comprises a primary emulsion of water in the hydrocarbons and the external phase comprises water containing at least one surfactant, in which this primary emulsion is dispersed, thus forming a secondary emulsion which is self-stable or is stabilized by the addition of stabilizing agents to its external phase.

Abstract translation: 组合物包含重烃和水，其粘度远低于其含有的烃类的粘度。 它由多重乳液构成，其内相包含烃中的水的初级乳液，外相包含含有至少一种表面活性剂的水，其中该主要乳液分散在其中，从而形成自身的二次乳液 或通过向其外相添加稳定剂来稳定。

公开(公告)号：US4800015A

公开(公告)日：1989-01-24

申请号：US63124

申请日：1987-06-17

Applicant: John J. Simmons

Inventor： John J. Simmons

IPC: C10F5/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L9/00 ,  C10M175/00

CPC classification number: C10F5/00 ,  C10L1/324 ,  C10L9/00

Abstract: Low rank coals including lignite, brown and sub-bituminous coals, and peat containing unacceptably high quantities of water are dried and enriched in BTU content. The mined low rank coal is crushed to between about one-half inch and three inches in diameter and immersed in hot oil to dry the coal. The coal is then screened or centrifuged to remove excess oil and the resulted oil impregnated dried coal has a much higher BTU content. The dried high BTU low rank coal may be then powdered and utilized to form a coal-water liquid fuel.

Abstract translation: 包括褐煤，褐煤和次烟煤和含有不可接受的大量水的泥炭的低等级煤被干燥并富集BTU含量。 开采的低等级煤被粉碎至直径约半英寸至三英寸之间，并浸入热油中以干燥煤。 然后将煤筛分或离心以除去多余的油，并且所得油浸渍的干燥煤具有高得多的BTU含量。 然后将干燥的高BTU低级煤粉化并用于形成煤 - 水液体燃料。

公开(公告)号：US4737158A

公开(公告)日：1988-04-12

申请号：US787431

申请日：1985-10-15

Applicant: Gerard Antonini ,  Olivier Francois ,  Christian Bernasconi ,  Dominique Bouchez ,  Alain Faure

Inventor： Gerard Antonini ,  Olivier Francois ,  Christian Bernasconi ,  Dominique Bouchez ,  Alain Faure

IPC: C10L1/32

CPC classification number: C10L1/324

Abstract: A self-lubricating fuel composition is provided formed from powdered coal, a hydrocarbon fraction, water, a surfactant and a strong electrolyte. This composition develops a lubricating layer between the mechanical parts in relative movement with respect to the fluid and the fluid. Such self lubrication causes a reduction of the friction and consequently of the pressure losses during transport in ducts.

Abstract translation: 由粉煤，烃馏分，水，表面活性剂和强电解质形成的自润滑燃料组合物。 该组合物相对于流体和流体在相对运动中在机械部件之间形成润滑层。 这种自润滑会导致摩擦力的降低，从而导致管道运输期间的压力损失。

公开(公告)号：US4705533A

公开(公告)日：1987-11-10

申请号：US848166

申请日：1986-04-04

Applicant: John J. Simmons

Inventor： John J. Simmons

IPC: C10F5/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L9/00 ,  C10L9/08 ,  C10L9/10

CPC classification number: C10L9/00 ,  C10F5/00 ,  C10L1/324

Abstract: Low rank coals including lignite, brown and sub-bituminous coals, and peat containing unacceptably high quantities of water are dried and enriched in BTU content. The mine low rank coal is crushed to between about one-half inch and three inches in diameter and immersed in hot oil to dry the coal. The coal is then screened or centrifuged to remove excess oil and the resulted oil impregnated dried coal has a much higher BTU content. The dried high BTU low rank coal may be then powdered and utilized to form a coal-water liquid fuel.

Abstract translation: 包括褐煤，褐煤和次烟煤和含有不可接受的大量水的泥炭的低等级煤被干燥并富集BTU含量。 矿山低级煤被粉碎至直径约半英寸至三英寸之间，并浸入热油中以干燥煤。 然后将煤筛分或离心以除去多余的油，并且所得油浸渍的干燥煤具有高得多的BTU含量。 然后将干燥的高BTU低级煤粉化并用于形成煤 - 水液体燃料。