公开(公告)号：US07047816B2

公开(公告)日：2006-05-23

申请号：US10393557

申请日：2003-03-21

Applicant: Richard T Jones ,  James R Dunphy

Inventor： Richard T Jones ,  James R Dunphy

IPC: G01L7/06

CPC classification number: G01L9/0039 ,  G01L11/025

Abstract: A pressure transducer that uses a rhomboidal flexure to provide displacement amplification to an optical sensing element is disclosed. The transducer includes an optical sensor disposed between sides of the flexure. The top portion of the flexure connects to a displacement device, such as a bellows. A first pressure port provides a first pressure to the bellows. A second pressure, preferably greater than the first pressure, is ported into a housing containing the flexure, which tends to compress the bellows and pull apart or expand the flexure. Such expansion pinches or compresses the optical sensing element between the sides of the flexure, and in particular stresses an optical sensing element containing a fiber Bragg grating. Assessing the Bragg reflection wavelength of the grating allows the differential pressure to be determined, although the transducer can also be used to sense an absolute pressure. A temperature compensation scheme, including the use of additional fiber Bragg gratings and thermal compensators axially positioned to counteract thermal effects of the optical sensing element, is also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种使用菱形挠曲向光学传感元件提供位移放大的压力传感器。 换能器包括设置在弯曲部的侧面之间的光学传感器。 挠曲件的顶部连接到位移装置，例如波纹管。 第一压力端口向波纹管提供第一压力。 优选地大于第一压力的第二压力被移入容纳弯曲部的壳体中，该弯曲部倾向于压缩波纹管并拉开或膨胀弯曲部。 这种膨胀在柔性件的侧面之间夹紧或压缩光学传感元件，特别是应力包含光纤布拉格光栅的光学传感元件。 评估光栅的布拉格反射波长允许确定压差，尽管传感器也可用于感测绝对压力。 还公开了一种温度补偿方案，包括使用轴向定位以抵消光学传感元件的热效应的附加光纤布拉格光栅和热补偿器。

公开(公告)号：US06956687B2

公开(公告)日：2005-10-18

申请号：US10327695

申请日：2002-12-19

Applicant: John A. Moon ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  James S. Sirkis ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Joseph Pinto ,  Paul Szczepanek ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Martin A. Putnam

Inventor： John A. Moon ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  James S. Sirkis ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Joseph Pinto ,  Paul Szczepanek ,  Michael A. Davis ,  Martin A. Putnam

IPC: G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G02B27/10 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B26/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/29394 ,  G01J3/021 ,  G01J3/0229 ,  G02B6/262 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02B6/4226 ,  G02B26/0833 ,  G02B26/0841 ,  G02B27/1086 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0026 ,  Y10S359/904

Abstract: A reconfigurable optical blocking filter deletes a desired optical channel(s) from an optical WDM input signal, and includes a spatial light modulator having a micro-mirror device with a two-dimensional array of micro-mirrors that tilt between first and second positions in a “digital” fashion in response to a control signal provided by a controller in accordance with a switching algorithm and an input command. A collimators, diffraction grating, and Fourier lens, collectively collimate, separate and focus the optical input channels onto the array of micro-mirrors. The optical channel is focused on the micro-mirrors onto a plurality of micro-mirrors of the micro-mirror device, which effectively pixelates the optical channels. To delete an input channel of the optical input signal, micro-mirrors associated with each desired input channel are tilted to reflect the desired input channel away from the return path.

Abstract translation: 可重构光阻断滤波器从光WDM输入信号中删除期望的光信道，并且包括具有微镜装置的空间光调制器，该微镜装置具有在第一和第二位置之间倾斜的微镜的二维阵列 响应于由控制器根据切换算法和输入命令提供的控制信号的“数字”方式。 准直仪，衍射光栅和傅立叶透镜共同校准，分离并将光学输入通道聚焦到微镜阵列上。 光通道聚焦在微镜上到微镜装置的多个微反射镜上，这有效地像化了光通道。 为了删除光输入信号的输入通道，与每个期望的输入通道相关联的微反射镜被倾斜以反射所需的输入通道远离返回路径。

公开(公告)号：US06934069B2

公开(公告)日：2005-08-23

申请号：US10298264

申请日：2002-11-15

Applicant: John A. Moon ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Jay W. Dawson ,  Joseph Pinto ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis

Inventor： John A. Moon ,  Alan D. Kersey ,  Jay W. Dawson ,  Joseph Pinto ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Michael A. Davis

IPC: G02B6/26 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B6/42 ,  G02B26/08 ,  G02B27/10 ,  H04J14/02 ,  H04Q11/00 ,  G02B26/00 ,  H04B10/12

CPC classification number: G02B6/29311 ,  G02B6/262 ,  G02B6/266 ,  G02B6/29394 ,  G02B6/29395 ,  G02B6/4226 ,  G02B26/0833 ,  G02B26/0841 ,  G02B27/1086 ,  H04J14/021 ,  H04J14/0212 ,  H04J14/0213 ,  H04J14/0221 ,  H04Q2011/0009 ,  H04Q2011/0026

Abstract: A chromatic dispersion compensation device selectively delays a respective portion of spectral sections of each respective optical channel of an optical WDM input signal to compensate each optical channel for dispersion compensation, and includes a spatial light modulator having a micromirror device with a two-dimensional array of micromirrors. The micromirrors tilt or flip between first and second positions in a “digital” fashion in response to a control signal provided by a controller in accordance with a switching algorithm and an input command. A collimator, diffraction gratings, and Fourier lens collectively collimate, disperse and focus the optical input channels onto the array of micromirrors. Each optical channel is focused onto micromirrors of the micromirror device, which effectively pixelates the optical channels. To compensate an optical channel for chromatic dispersion, a portion of the spectral sections of each channel is delayed a desired time period by tilting an array of mirrors (i.e., spectral array) disposed in each spectral section at different spatial positions on the micromirror device.

Abstract translation: 色散补偿装置选择性地延迟光WDM输入信号的每个相应光通道的光谱部分的相应部分以补偿每个光信道用于色散补偿，并且包括空间光调制器，具有具有二维阵列的微镜器件 微镜。 响应于由控制器根据切换算法和输入命令提供的控制信号，微镜以“数字”方式在第一和第二位置之间倾斜或翻转。 准直仪，衍射光栅和傅立叶透镜共同准直，分散并将光学输入通道聚焦到微镜阵列上。 每个光通道聚焦到微镜器件的微镜上，这有效地使光通道成像。 为了补偿用于色散的光信道，通过在微镜装置上的不同空间位置倾斜设置在每个光谱部分中的反射镜阵列（即，光谱阵列），将每个通道的光谱部分的一部分延迟期望的时间段。

公开(公告)号：US06507693B2

公开(公告)日：2003-01-14

申请号：US09872855

申请日：2001-06-01

Applicant: Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald

Inventor： Robert J. Maron ,  Guy A. Daigle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Thomas W. Engel ,  John J. Grunbeck ,  Mark R. Fernald

IPC: G02B600

CPC classification number: G01L9/0039 ,  G01L9/0077 ,  G01L11/025 ,  G02B6/02052 ,  G02B6/2552 ,  G02B6/3644 ,  G02B6/3854 ,  G02B6/3861

Abstract: A method and device for tuning an optical device including an optical fiber having a core, a cladding and a Bragg grating imparted in the core to partially reflect an optical signal at a reflection wavelength characteristic of the spacing of the Bragg grating. The cladding has two variation regions located on opposite sides of the Bragg grating to allow attachment mechanisms to be disposed against the optical fiber. The attachment mechanisms are mounted to a frame so as to allow the spacing of the Bragg grating to be changed by an actuator which tunes the reflection wavelength. In particular, the variation region has a diameter different from the cladding diameter, and the attachment mechanism comprises a ferrule including a front portion having a profile substantially corresponding to diameter of the variation region and a butting mechanism butting the ferrule against the optical fiber.

公开(公告)号：US06489606B1

公开(公告)日：2002-12-03

申请号：US09545792

申请日：2000-04-07

Applicant: Alan D. Kersey ,  Robert A. Rubino ,  James R. Dunphy

Inventor： Alan D. Kersey ,  Robert A. Rubino ,  James R. Dunphy

IPC: G02B600

CPC classification number: G01L1/246 ,  G01D5/35303 ,  G02B6/2932

Abstract: The present invention provides a sensor system for sensing a parameter, comprising an optical source, coupler and signal processor system in combination with multiple structured fiber Bragg gratings. The optical source, coupler and signal processor system provide an optical source signal to the multiple structured fiber Bragg gratings. The optical source, coupler and signal processor system also responds to multiple structured fiber Bragg grating signals, for providing an optical source, coupler and signal processor system signal containing information about a sensed parameter. The multiple structured fiber Bragg gratings respond to the optical source signal, and further respond to the sensed parameter, for providing the multiple structured fiber Bragg grating signals containing information about a complex superposition of spectral responses or codes related to the sensed parameter. Each of the multiple structured fiber Bragg gratings includes a respective broadband spectral response or code related to the sensed parameter.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于感测参数的传感器系统，包括与多个结构化光纤布拉格光栅组合的光源，耦合器和信号处理器系统。 光源，耦合器和信号处理器系统向多个结构化光纤布拉格光栅提供光源信号。 光源，耦合器和信号处理器系统还响应于多个结构化光纤布拉格光栅信号，用于提供包含关于感测参数的信息的光源，耦合器和信号处理器系统信号。 多个结构化光纤布喇格光栅响应于光源信号，并进一步响应于感测参数，以提供包含关于光谱响应或与感测参数相关的代码的复叠加的信息的多个结构化光纤布拉格光栅信号。 多个结构化光纤布喇格光栅中的每一个包括相应的宽带光谱响应或与感测参数相关的代码。

公开(公告)号：US06318070B1

公开(公告)日：2001-11-20

申请号：US09517937

申请日：2000-03-03

Applicant: Nancy M. Rey ,  Robin M. Miller ,  Thomas G. Tillman ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  John L. Kettle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Zaffir A. Chaudhry ,  David D. Pearson ,  Kenneth C. Dreitlein ,  Constantino V. Loffredo ,  Thomas A. Wynosky

Inventor： Nancy M. Rey ,  Robin M. Miller ,  Thomas G. Tillman ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  John L. Kettle ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Zaffir A. Chaudhry ,  David D. Pearson ,  Kenneth C. Dreitlein ,  Constantino V. Loffredo ,  Thomas A. Wynosky

IPC: F02K302

CPC classification number: F02K1/1207 ,  F03G7/065 ,  F05D2300/505 ,  Y02T50/671 ,  Y10T74/20

Abstract: A gas turbine engine includes a variable area nozzle having a plurality of flaps. The flaps are actuated by a plurality of actuating mechanisms driven by shape memory alloy (SMA) actuators to vary fan exist nozzle area. The SMA actuator has a deformed shape in its martensitic state and a parent shape in its austenitic state. The SMA actuator is heated to transform from martensitic state to austenitic state generating a force output to actuate the flaps. The variable area nozzle also includes a plurality of return mechanisms deforming the SMA actuator when the SMA actuator is in its martensitic state.

Abstract translation: 燃气涡轮发动机包括具有多个翼片的可变区域喷嘴。 翼片由形状记忆合金（SMA）致动器驱动的多个致动机构致动，以改变风扇存在的喷嘴面积。 SMA致动器在其马氏体状态下具有变形的形状，并且其奥氏体状态具有母体形状。 SMA致动器被加热以从马氏体状态转变为奥氏体状态，产生力输出以致动翼片。 可变区域喷嘴还包括当SMA致动器处于其马氏体状态时使SMA致动器变形的多个返回机构。

公开(公告)号：US5877426A

公开(公告)日：1999-03-02

申请号：US883858

申请日：1997-06-27

Applicant: Arthur D. Hay ,  Robert J. Maron ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Phillip Edmund Pruett

Inventor： Arthur D. Hay ,  Robert J. Maron ,  James R. Dunphy ,  Phillip Edmund Pruett

IPC: G01L1/24 ,  G01L7/04 ,  G01L9/00 ,  G01L11/00 ,  G01L19/04

CPC classification number: G01L9/0032 ,  G01L19/0092

Abstract: A Bourdon tube pressure gauge is mounted for sensing the pressure of a system. The Bourdon tube is connected to at least one optical strain sensor mounted to be strained by movement of the Bourdon tube such that when the Bourdon tube is exposed to the pressure of the system, movement of the tube in response to system pressure causes a strain in the optical sensor. The optical sensor is responsive to the strain and to an input optical signal for providing a strain optical signal which is directly proportional to the pressure. A reference or temperature compensation optical sensor is isolated from the strain associated with the pressure of the system and is responsive to temperature of the system for causing a temperature-induced strain. The reference optical sensor is responsive to the temperature induced strain and the input optical signal for providing a temperature optical signal which is directly proportional to the temperature of the system. The temperature optical signal is provided for temperature compensation of the strain optical signal. The optical sensors include an optical fiber having intrinsic Bragg grating sensors formed in the optical fiber. The optical fiber is attached to a reference point and to the Bourdon tube such that changes in the position of the tube changes the strain on the optical fiber resulting in a wavelength shift of light reflected by the Bragg grating. The magnitude of the wavelength shift is directly proportional to a change in pressure.

Abstract translation: 安装了波登管压力表，用于感测系统的压力。 布尔登管连接至至少一个光学应变传感器，该光学应变传感器安装成通过波登管的运动而变形，使得当波登管暴露于系统的压力时，管的响应于系统压力的运动导致应变 光学传感器。 光学传感器响应于应变和输入光信号，以提供与压力成正比的应变光信号。 参考或温度补偿光学传感器与与系统压力相关的应变分离，并响应于系统的温度导致温度引起的应变。 参考光学传感器响应于温度感应应变和输入光信号，以提供与系统的温度成正比的温度光信号。 温度光信号用于应变光信号的温度补偿。 光学传感器包括在光纤中形成有本征Bragg光栅传感器的光纤。 光纤连接到参考点和布尔登管，使得管的位置变化改变光纤上的应变，导致由布拉格光栅反射的光的波长偏移。 波长偏移的大小与压力的变化成正比。

公开(公告)号：US5770155A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-23

申请号：US560268

申请日：1995-11-21

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  Jong-Min Ha

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  Robert M. Rukus ,  Jong-Min Ha

IPC: B29C35/02 ,  B29C70/54 ,  G01B11/16 ,  G01C19/56 ,  G01D5/353 ,  G01H11/06 ,  G01M11/08 ,  G01N11/00 ,  G01N33/44 ,  G01P15/125 ,  G01N21/17

CPC classification number: G01M11/086 ,  B29C35/0288 ,  B29C70/54 ,  G01B11/18 ,  G01C19/56 ,  G01H11/06 ,  G01P15/125 ,  B29K2105/108 ,  G01D5/35316 ,  G01N33/44

Abstract: Resin curing of a composite laminated structure is monitored using an optical fiber 20 having a grating sensor 28 embedded therein. The fiber 20 is surrounded by upper and lower buffer regions 12,14 having a predetermined minimum number of layers 30 (or thickness) with uni-directional reinforcing filaments 32 and resin 34 therebetween. When the filaments 32 are oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fiber 20, the buffer regions 12,14 allow the sensor 28 to exhibit maximum sensitivity to detection of the minimum resin viscosity and the gelation point (i.e., the onset of a rapid crosslinking rate) of the resin 34. The buffer regions 12,14 also have a minimum thickness which serve to isolate the sensor 28 from interfering stresses from arbitrarily angled filaments 32 in layers 30 of outer regions 10,16 which surround the buffer regions 12,14.

Abstract translation: 使用其中嵌入有光栅传感器28的光纤20监测复合层压结构的树脂固化。 纤维20被具有预定的最小数量的层30（或厚度）的上缓冲区域12和下缓冲区域12,14包围，其中单向增强细丝32和树脂34在其间。 当细丝32垂直于纤维20的纵向轴线定向时，缓冲区域12,14允许传感器28显示对检测最小树脂粘度和凝胶化点的最大灵敏度（即，快速交联的开始 速率）。缓冲区域12,14还具有最小厚度，其用于将传感器28与围绕缓冲区域12,14的外部区域10,16的层30中任意成角度的细丝32的干扰应力隔离开来 。

公开(公告)号：US5426297A

公开(公告)日：1995-06-20

申请号：US127389

申请日：1993-09-27

Applicant: James R. Dunphy ,  Kenneth P. Falkowich

Inventor： James R. Dunphy ,  Kenneth P. Falkowich

IPC: G01D5/353 ,  G01L1/24 ,  G01K3/00 ,  G01J3/50 ,  G01K11/00

CPC classification number: G01L1/246 ,  G01D5/35383

Abstract: A measurement system for fiber sensors includes a broadband light source 11 providing continuous light which is launched into a fiber 20 having a plurality (or string) of Bragg grating sensors 24, 28, 34. Each sensor has a predetermined central reflection wavelength which shifts as a function of applied strain. Reflected light 40 from the sensors 24, 28, 34 are fed to a plurality of optical bandbass filters 50, 64, 78, each having a monotonic region in a passband corresponding to one of the sensors. Each monotonic region transmits the reflected wavelength from a corresponding sensor. Light 52, 66, 80 is passed from the filters 50, 64, 78 to optical detectors 54, 68, 82 each providing an electrical signal having a magnitude related to transmission of the filter at the reflection wavelength of the sensor. Optional demodulators 58, 72, 86 are connected to each of the detectors 54, 68, 82 if the light source 10 is modulated. Such modulation provides noise immunity and allows demultiplexing of several strings of sensors.

Abstract translation: 用于光纤传感器的测量系统包括提供连续光的宽带光源11，其发射到具有多个（或串）布拉格光栅传感器24,28,34的光纤20中。每个传感器具有预定的中心反射波长，其以 应变应变的函数。 来自传感器24,28,34的反射光40被馈送到多个光学带通滤波器50,64,78，每个具有对应于传感器之一的通带中的单调区域。 每个单调区域从相应的传感器传输反射波长。 光52,66,80从滤光器50,64,78传递到光学检测器54,68,82，每个光检测器提供具有与传感器的反射波长处的滤光器的透射相关的幅度的电信号。 如果光源10被调制，则可选的解调器58,72,86连接到每个检测器54,68,82。 这种调制提供了噪声抗扰度，并允许多个传感器串的解复用。