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    Efficient utilization of chlorine and/or moisture-containing fuels and wastes
    42.
    发明授权
    Efficient utilization of chlorine and/or moisture-containing fuels and wastes 失效
    有效利用氯和/或含水分燃料和废物

    公开(公告)号：US5685153A

    公开(公告)日：1997-11-11

    申请号：US486026

    申请日：1995-06-07

    Applicant: Norman L. Dickinson ,  Robert G. Murray ,  Michael K. Klosky

    Inventor： Norman L. Dickinson ,  Robert G. Murray ,  Michael K. Klosky

    IPC: C08J11/00 ,  C02F11/08 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/32 ,  C10L9/00 ,  F01K3/18 ,  F01K17/00 ,  F02C3/26 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/16 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23K1/00

    CPC classification number: C02F11/086 ,  C10G31/06 ,  C10L1/00 ,  C10L1/326 ,  C10L9/00 ,  F01K3/188 ,  F02C3/26 ,  F23C10/10 ,  F23C10/16 ,  F23C99/00 ,  F23K1/00 ,  F23C2206/101 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2900/50214 ,  Y02E20/12 ,  Y02T50/671

    Abstract: A process for enhancing the fuel form, raising the energy content, and lowering the level of impurities of low rank coals and/or carbonaceous wastes, like Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF), and sewage sludge, by providing the low rank fuel, carbonaceous waste, or mixtures thereof as a slurry in water of processable viscosity. This feed slurry is heated under pressure, usually in the presence of an alkali, to a temperature at which a significant physical and molecular rearrangement occurs, characterized by the splitting off of a substantial proportion of the oxygen bound in the low rank coal or carbonaceous waste as carbon dioxide. At these conditions, solid particles in the feed slurry lose much of their fibrous and hydrophilic character, and are broken up into smaller particles of char, resulting in a slurry of dramatically improved rheology, i.e., capable of a much higher solids concentration (or energy density) at processable viscosity. Simultaneously, cation and anion impurities, like sodium, potassium, chlorine, sulfur, nitrogen, toxic metals, and others, are significantly reduced in the resulting product char slurry fuel.

    Abstract translation: 一种提高燃料形式，提高能源含量，降低低等级煤和/或碳质废物（如城市固体废物（MSW），垃圾衍生燃料（RDF））和污水污泥的杂质水平的方法，提供 低级燃料，碳质废物或其混合物，作为可加工粘度的水中的浆料。 该进料浆料通常在碱存在的条件下在压力下加热至发生重大物理和分子重排的温度，其特征在于在低等级煤或碳质废物中分解相当大部分的氧 作为二氧化碳。 在这些条件下，进料浆料中的固体颗粒会损失大量的纤维和亲水特性，并被分解成较小的炭颗粒，从而产生显着改善流变性的浆料，即能够获得高得多的固体浓度（或能量） 密度）。 同时，所得产品炭浆料燃料中的阳离子和阴离子杂质如钠，钾，氯，硫，氮，有毒金属等都显着降低。

    Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration
    44.
    发明授权
    Method for disposal of waste materials by incineration 失效
    焚烧处理废物的方法

    公开(公告)号：US4750437A

    公开(公告)日：1988-06-14

    申请号：US13470

    申请日：1987-02-11

    Applicant: Michael W. Rouse

    Inventor： Michael W. Rouse

    IPC: B03B9/06 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23G5/44

    CPC classification number: F23G5/444 ,  B03B9/06 ,  F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2205/20 ,  F23G2206/10 ,  F23G2207/101 ,  F23G2207/102 ,  F23G2207/20 ,  F23G2208/00 ,  F23G2900/50214 ,  F23G2900/54402 ,  F23G2900/55003 ,  Y02W30/521

    Abstract: A method for disposing of waste materials including wastes generated by residential neighborhoods and business districts of a municipal area, by collecting waste materials centrally, sorting out and removing non-combustible materials from the collected wastes, and shredding the combustible materials coarsely. The coarsely shredded materials are then transported, if necessary, to the location of an incinerator or other furnace into which the materials are fed as fuel at a rate controlled in accordance with the requirements of the burner for complete and clean combustion, by feeding the coarsely shredded materials into a further shredder, shredding the materials to a final size, and immediately conveying the reshredded materials into the burner. Transportation and measurement of the coarsely shredded materials is thus accomplished with the waste materials at an optimum density for convenient handling and transportation at an economical cost.

    Abstract translation: 一种处理废物的方法，包括市区居民区和商业区产生的废物，集中收集废物，从收集的废物中分选出不可燃材料，并将可燃材料粗粉碎。 然后将粗粉碎的材料输送到焚化炉或其他炉子的位置，其中材料按照燃烧器要求控制的速率作为燃料供给到燃烧器或其它炉中，以便完全和清洁的燃烧，通过粗饲料 切碎的材料进入另一台粉碎机，将材料切碎成最终尺寸，并立即将转印材料输送到燃烧器中。 因此，粗粉碎材料的运输和测量由废料以最佳密度实现，以便于经济的方便的处理和运输。

    Method and plant for processing contaminated waste
    45.
    发明授权
    Method and plant for processing contaminated waste 有权
    处理受污染废物的方法和设备

    公开(公告)号：US08739708B2

    公开(公告)日：2014-06-03

    申请号：US13173237

    申请日：2011-06-30

    Applicant: Yuriy Rabiner

    Inventor： Yuriy Rabiner

    IPC: F23G7/00

    CPC classification number: F23G5/02 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G7/006 ,  F23G2201/10 ,  F23G2201/601 ,  F23G2201/602 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2201/80

    Abstract: A municipal or like refuse is crushing, separating ferrous metals, mixing with crushed limestone, drying up and loading in furnace of pyrolysis. An electronic and electric scrap is crushing, drying up from surface water and warming on 2-4° C. above temperature of transporting air, divide into concoction nonferrous and precious metals and dielectric fraction, which go in furnace of pyrolysis by specified air, cleaned from dust and moistened up to 100% moisture by water. At mixing with dielectric fraction temperature of the air increases, relative moisture falls down to level, excluding condensation of moisture and spark formation in system. Pyrolysis is carried out under simultaneous neutralization fo allocated hydrogen chloride by limestone with reception of calcium chloride. Gas allocated at pyrolysis condensing and dividing to water and organic phases (liquid fuel). Solid products of pyrolysis together with ash and slag supplied from heaps of waste generated by a heat power station, washing by specified water phase for dissolving of calcium chloride and extracting ions of heavy metals, then centrifuging. Filtrate and washing water cleanse from heavy metals. Solid products of pyrolysis move for incineration in combustion chamber. Combustion chamber slag, cleanse from heavy metals and not burned-out fuel in slag of heat power station, cool by air, which is then used in combustion chamber. Slag concrete products expose by the thermohumid processing by part of humid chimney gases after drying the calcium chloride, the other part gas is going to production of the carbonic acid.

    Abstract translation: 一个市政或类似的垃圾是破碎的，分离黑色金属，与粉碎的石灰石混合，干燥和加热炉中的热解。 电子和电动废料粉碎，从地表水中干燥并在高于运输空气温度的2-4℃下变暖，分为混合有色金属和贵金属和介电分数，通过特定空气进行热解炉 从灰尘中吸水至100％。 在混合空气的介电分数温度升高时，相对湿度下降到水平，不包括系统中水分和火花形成的结露。 在同时中和下进行热解，通过石灰石分配氯化氢并接收氯化钙。 在热解冷凝中分配的气体，分为水和有机相（液体燃料）。 热解固体产物，由热电站产生的废物堆放的灰渣和矿渣，经特定水相洗涤，溶解氯化钙和提取重金属离子，然后离心。 从重金属中过滤并清洗水。 热解固体产物在燃烧室内焚化。 燃烧室炉渣，从重金属清洗，不会在发电厂炉渣中燃烧燃料，空气冷却，然后用于燃烧室。 炉渣混凝土产品在干燥氯化钙之后，通过部分潮湿的烟囱气体进行热湿机处理，另一部分气体将生产碳酸。

    Wet combustion engine
    46.
    发明申请
    Wet combustion engine 有权
    湿式内燃机

    公开(公告)号：US20040043473A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-03-04

    申请号：US10230685

    申请日：2002-08-30

    Inventor： Thomas W. St. Lawrence

    IPC: B09B003/00

    CPC classification number: B09B3/00 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2209/26 ,  F23G2900/50208 ,  Y02W10/37

    Abstract: This invention relates to systems, apparatus and methods of operating a wet combustion engine and apparatus therefore, capable of biologically burning fuels within a wet combustion chamber within a bioproactor system, including but not limited to, organic carbon containing materials especially biological, hazardous or toxic waste contaminants, in an environmentally sensitive manner. An integrated computer control system that, proactively and pre-emptively, uses feedback from bio-sensors, to monitor, record and control applicable components of the bio-system, to optimize, replenish, and sustain exponential growth of selected life-forms, including but not limited to microbes such as bacteria. In the intake cycle, a suitably prepared fuel mixture is metered into the wet combustion diffusion separation membrane chamber located within the life-support chamber of the bioproactor. In the combustion cycle, diffusion and combustion rates are monitored and timed. In the exhaust cycle, products of combustion, including water and incomplete combustion by-products both organic and inorganic, are removed. The above cycles may be repeated sequentially. The subsequent accumulation of all of the exhaust cycle's products of combustion may be collected, stored, classified, separated, recycled or discharged. Some of the potential energy released during the combustion cycle's reaction directly results in the conversion of wastes, the generation of gases and, in the case of organic carbon fuels, the generation of water. Other uses of the kinetic and potential energy released by this engine include, but are not limited to the, mechanical movements of actuators, and heat transfer to heat exchangers.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及操作湿式内燃机的系统，设备和方法，因此能够在生物反应器系统内的湿式燃烧室内生物燃烧燃料，包括但不限于含有机碳的材料，特别是生物，危险或有毒的 废物污染物，以环境敏感的方式。 一个集成的计算机控制系统，主动和先发制人，使用生物传感器的反馈，监测，记录和控制生物系统的适用组件，优化，补充和维持选定生命形式的指数增长，包括 但不限于微生物如细菌。 在进气循环中，将适当制备的燃料混合物计量加入到位于生物反应器的生命维持室内的湿式燃烧扩散分离膜室中。 在燃烧循环中，对扩散和燃烧速率进行监测和定时。 在废气循环中，除去有机和无机物的燃烧产物，包括水和不完全燃烧副产物。 上述循环可以顺序重复。 所有废气循环的燃烧产物的后续积累可以被收集，储存，分类，分离，回收或排放。 在燃烧循环反应期间释放的一些潜在能量直接导致废物的转化，气体的产生以及在有机碳燃料的情况下产生水。 由该发动机释放的动能和势能的其它用途包括但不限于致动器的机械运动和热交换器的热传递。

    Rotary grinder
    47.
    发明授权
    Rotary grinder 失效
    旋转磨床

    公开(公告)号：US6135373A

    公开(公告)日：2000-10-24

    申请号：US363104

    申请日：1999-07-29

    Applicant: Ricky W. Davenport

    Inventor： Ricky W. Davenport

    IPC: B02C7/04 ,  B02C7/06 ,  B02C7/12 ,  B02C7/14 ,  B02C7/16 ,  B02C19/00 ,  D21B1/02 ,  D21B1/34 ,  E21B21/06 ,  E21B41/00 ,  F23G5/033

    CPC classification number: B02C19/0056 ,  B02C7/04 ,  B02C7/06 ,  B02C7/12 ,  B02C7/14 ,  B02C7/16 ,  D21B1/026 ,  D21B1/345 ,  E21B21/066 ,  E21B41/0057 ,  F23G5/033 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2201/80

    Abstract: An in-line grinder has been developed which can be configured to perform in a variety of applications through the use of an adjustable rotor/stator assembly, removable shear bar, and a variety of interchangeable stator-rotor configurations. A unique drive system utilizing a mechanical seal cartridge provides maximum sealing with a minimum of shaft deflection and run-out thereby improving performance. These improvements collectively allow the grinder to be configured for optimum sizing of solids to a predetermined particle size for a broad range of materials. It has been demonstrated that a class of in-line grinders such as that described herein is applicable for sizing drill cuttings for injection into a subsurface formation by way of an annular space formed in a wellbore. The cuttings are removed from the drilling fluid, conveyed to a shearing and grinding system that converts the cuttings into a viscous slurry with the addition of water and viscosity enhancing polymers. The system in its simplest form comprises a slurry tank, a pump, and the instant in-line grinder. The pump circulates the mixture of cuttings and water (sea water) between the slurry tank and the in-line grinder. The ground mixture leaving the in-line grinder is then routed to an injection pump for high pressure injection into the formation.

    Abstract translation: 已经开发了一种在线研磨机，其可以被配置为通过使用可调节的转子/定子组件，可移除的剪切杆和各种可互换的定子 - 转子构造在各种应用中执行。 使用机械密封筒的独特的驱动系统提供了最小的轴向偏转和径向的密封，从而提高了性能。 这些改进集体地允许研磨机被配置成为宽范围的材料将固体的最佳尺寸调整到预定的粒度。 已经证明，本文所述的一类在线研磨机适用于通过在井筒中形成的环形空间将用于注入地下地层的钻屑定型。 将切屑从钻井液中取出，输送到剪切和研磨系统，通过添加水和粘度增加聚合物将切屑转化成粘稠的浆料。 该系统最简单的形式包括浆液罐，泵和即时在线研磨机。 泵将浆料和水中的混合物（海水）循环在浆料罐和直列式研磨机之间。 然后将离心式研磨机的研磨混合物送入注射泵，以高压注入地层。

    Process for the disposal of municipal refuse and certain hazardous waste
    50.
    发明授权
    Process for the disposal of municipal refuse and certain hazardous waste 失效
    处理市政垃圾和某些危险废物的过程

    公开(公告)号：US5445088A

    公开(公告)日：1995-08-29

    申请号：US75721

    申请日：1993-05-21

    Applicant: William K. Daugherty ,  Bernard A. Parkin, Jr. ,  Franklin D. Ling

    Inventor： William K. Daugherty ,  Bernard A. Parkin, Jr. ,  Franklin D. Ling

    IPC: F23G5/00 ,  F23J15/00

    CPC classification number: F23J15/006 ,  F23G5/006 ,  F23G2201/602 ,  F23G2201/603 ,  F23G2201/80 ,  F23G2202/20 ,  F23G2202/30 ,  F23G2203/20 ,  F23G2204/103 ,  F23G2206/00 ,  F23L2900/07005 ,  Y02E20/344

    Abstract: This abstract describes a process for the complete oxidation of municipal refuse and certain hazardous materials. The facility to accommodate the process consists of a completely enclosed, rotating, cylindrical kiln wherein solids, liquids, and gaseous compounds are simultaneously oxidized. To supplement the burning process, natural gas will be injected into the kiln chamber through a regulatory apparatus. Within the oxidation chamber, temperatures of 3200 degrees F., plus, will be maintained by injecting a regulated flow of pure oxygen, as an oxidant, to ensure the complete oxidation of all materials. After suitable preparation, solids and liquids will be introduced into the kiln chamber through an enclosed, sealed, apparatus i.e., screw conveyor, to control refuse volumes. During the oxidation process, the refuse materials will be kept in suspension for an adequate dwell time by the tilted orientation and rotating operation of the kiln apparatus. Any liquid residue will form a liquid bed at the low end of the chamber while the gaseous residue will rise to the high end. As a result, the liquid residue will continuously exit the chamber through an enclosed trap apparatus, while the gaseous residue will continuously exit the chamber through an enclosed duct system. After exiting the chamber, the liquid residue will be cooled and restructured into environmentally safe products. After exiting the chamber, the gaseous residue will be compressed, cooled, and fractionated into environmentally safe products.

    Abstract translation: 本摘要描述了城市垃圾和某些危险物质的完全氧化过程。 容纳该方法的设备由完全封闭的旋转圆柱形窑组成，其中固体，液体和气态化合物同时被氧化。 为了补充燃烧过程，天然气将通过调节装置注入窑室。 在氧化室内，通过注入作为氧化剂的纯氧的调节流将保持3200°F的温度，以确保所有材料的完全氧化。 在适当的制备之后，固体和液体将通过封闭的密封的设备即螺旋输送机引入窑室，以控制垃圾的体积。 在氧化过程中，通过窑设备的倾斜定向和旋转操作，垃圾将被保持在悬浮状态以达到足够的停留时间。 任何液体残余物将在室的低端形成液床，而气态残余物将升至高端。 结果，液体残留物将通过封闭的捕集装置连续地离开室，而气态残留物将通过封闭的管道系统连续地离开室。 离开室后，液体残余物将被冷却并重组成环保产品。 离开室后，气态残渣将被压缩，冷却，并分馏成环保产品。

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