Abstract:
A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate, an active region formed in the semiconductor substrate and extending in a first direction, the active region including a transistor sub-region and a capacitor sub-region, a first trench extending around the transistor sub-region, an isolation layer disposed in the first trench, a second trench extending around the capacitor sub-region, a first transistor including a first insulating layer disposed on the transistor sub-region, the first transistor including a first conductive layer disposed on the first insulating layer, and a first capacitor including a second insulating layer extending over the capacitor sub-region and a sidewall of the second trench, the first capacitor including a second conductive layer disposed on the second insulating layer, the active region having an end portion in the first direction opposite to the transistor sub-region and extending across the first capacitor.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a solar cell having a multi-layered nanostructure that is used to generate, transport, and collect electric charges. The multi-layered nanostructure comprises a cathode, a hole-blocking layer, a photo-active layer, and an anode. The hole-blocking layer is made of the material selected from the group consisting of the following: inorganic semiconducting material, metal oxide material and mixture of inorganic and metal oxide materials. The photo-active layer comprises a porous body and a conjugated polymer filler. The porous body is used as an electron acceptor while the conjugate polymer filler is as an electron donor. The conjugated polymer filler is formed in the pores of the porous body by in-situ polymerization. In addition, the invention discloses a method for preparing the solar cell having a multi-layered nanostructure.
Abstract:
Disclosed herein is a clear coating composition comprising a dispersion of silica nano-particles prepared from silica nano-particles having reactive silane groups of 1-500 nm particle size, and at least 0.001 parts by weight of oligomer having at least two groups reactive with the silica nano-particles, or oligomer in combination with a film forming polymer, a low molecular weight coupling agent, or a combination of a film forming polymer and a low molecular weight coupling agent.
Abstract:
A nitride based semiconductor laser diode device comprising a selective growth mask with a grating structure is proposed. The island-like stacked epitaxial layers including the P-type cladding layer is formed from the selective growth mask upon the active layer of the semiconductor laser structure. This proposed structure can reduce the strain by the deformation due to the isolate structure. Thus, increase of thickness of the cladding layer and/or increase of composition difference can be achieved without crack existing in the island-like stacked epitaxial layers. The optical confinement can be effectively improved.
Abstract:
Improved polymer-based materials are described, for example for use as an electrode binder in a fuel cell. A fuel cell according to an example of the present invention comprises a first electrode including a catalyst and an electrode binder, a second electrode, and an electrolyte located between the first electrode and the second electrode. The electrolyte may be a proton-exchange membrane (PEM). The electrode binder includes one or more polymers, such as a polyphosphazene.
Abstract:
A device for compensating a semiconductor memory defect suitable for a semiconductor memory is provided. The device comprises: a memory array, the memory array having a memory region consisting of a plurality of memory cells, the memory array being coupled to the address decoder circuit and the sensing circuit for storing data, if the memory array has a defect, the memory array is divided into a plurality of sub-memory regions, wherein one of the plurality of sub-memory regions is defectless, the memory array is replaced by the defectless sub-memory regions for storing data. A selection circuit coupled to the control unit, selects one of the memory region and the defectless sub-memory region to store data. A first input address buffer coupled to the control unit and the address decoder circuit has an address input port and an address output port. The address input port receives a most significant bit address signal, wherein if the memory array is defectless, the selection circuit outputs a selection signal to select the memory region to store data and makes the control unit control the address output port to output the most significant bit address signal to the address decoder circuit. If the memory array has the defect, the selection circuit outputs a selection signal to select the defectless memory region to store data and makes the control unit control the address output port to output the selection signal to the address decoder circuit.
Abstract:
A nitride based semiconductor laser diode device comprising a selective growth mask with a grating structure is proposed. The island-like stacked epitaxial layers including the P-type cladding layer is formed from the selective growth mask upon the active layer of the semiconductor laser structure. This proposed structure can reduce the strain by the deformation due to the isolate structure. Thus, increase of thickness of the cladding layer and/or increase of composition difference can be achieved without crack existing in the island-like stacked epitaxial layers. The optical confinement can be effectively improved.
Abstract:
An improved underwater trap structure is disclosed. The trap structure is easily assembled and conveniently disassembling, and facilitates the trapping of fishes and crabs. The trap structure can sink down to the bottom of waters without being hooked. The trap structure has a trapping cylinder having a handle positioned at the center of the cylinder, and an entrance at the front portion of the trapping cylinder. The entrance is positioned with a rubber funnel having a front grip which is fastened using a front mount. The rear section of the trapping cylinder is mounted with a securing hole and a bait cylinder for holding bait is placed which is secured by a rear cover.
Abstract:
A device for compensating a semiconductor memory defect suitable for a semiconductor memory is provided. The device comprises: a memory array, the memory array having a memory region consisting of a plurality of memory cells, the memory array being coupled to the address decoder circuit and the sensing circuit for storing data, if the memory array has a defect, the memory array is divided into a plurality of sub-memory regions, wherein one of the plurality of sub-memory regions is defectless, the memory array is replaced by the defectless sub-memory regions for storing data. A selection circuit coupled to the control unit, selects one of the memory region and the defectless sub-memory region to store data. A first input address buffer coupled to the control unit and the address decoder circuit has an address input port and an address output port. The address input port receives a most significant bit address signal, wherein if the memory array is defectless, the selection circuit outputs a selection signal to select the memory region to store data and makes the control unit control the address output port to output the most significant bit address signal to the address decoder circuit. If the memory array has the defect, the selection circuit outputs a selection signal to select the defectless memory region to store data and makes the control unit control the address output port to output the selection signal to the address decoder circuit.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method of isolating stem cells from a mixed population of different cell types. This method involves selecting a promoter which functions only in said stem cells and not in the other cell types. The promoter can have a nucleotide sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NO: 4, SEQ ID NO: 5, SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, and SEQ ID NO: 8. A nucleic acid molecule encoding a marker protein under control of said promoter is introduced into all cell types of said mixed population and only the stem cells, but not the other cell types, within said mixed population are allowed to express said marker protein. The cells of said mixed population of cell types that are expressing the marker protein, which are restricted to the stem cells are identified and separated from the mixed population, where the separated cells are restricted to the stem cells. The promoter, nucleic acid constructs comprising it, and the resulting stem cells are also disclosed. The nucleic constructs can be incorporated in transgenic animals in order to monitor stem cell movement. A disorder mediated by stem cell proliferation can be carried out by administering both (1) a nucleic acid construct comprising the promoter of the present application and an enzyme capable of converting a prodrug to a cytotoxic drug and (2) the prodrug.
Abstract translation:本发明涉及从不同细胞类型的混合群体中分离干细胞的方法。 该方法包括选择仅在所述干细胞中起作用但不在其它细胞类型中起作用的启动子。 启动子可以具有选自SEQ ID NO:4,SEQ ID NO:5,SEQ ID NO:6,SEQ ID NO:7和SEQ ID NO:8的核苷酸序列。 将所述启动子控制下的标记蛋白引入所述混合群体的所有细胞类型中,并且仅允许所述混合群体内的干细胞,而不是其他细胞类型表达所述标记蛋白。 将所述混合的表达限制于干细胞的标记蛋白的细胞类型的细胞群从混合群体中鉴定和分离,其中分离的细胞限于干细胞。 还公开了启动子,包含其的核酸构建体和所得干细胞。 核酸构建体可以并入转基因动物中以监测干细胞运动。 通过施用(1)包含本申请的启动子的核酸构建体和能够将前药转化为细胞毒性药物的酶和(2)前药,可以进行由干细胞增殖介导的病症。