公开(公告)号：US4401440A

公开(公告)日：1983-08-30

申请号：US351789

申请日：1982-02-24

Applicant: Aloysius J. W. O. Alink

Inventor： Aloysius J. W. O. Alink

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/48

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/42 ,  C10J3/487 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J2300/0933 ,  C10J2300/0946

Abstract: The invention concerns a method and an installation for preparing a combustible gas mixture from solid or liquid fuels by means of a rotatable cup-shaped, perforated bowl forming a supporting grate with a fuel supply to its inner wall and a feed of gasifying fluid to the outer side of the grate, an intermediate layer of a refractory material being formed against the inner wall of the rotating grate for supporting the fuel and finally dividing the gasifying fluid.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种用于通过可旋转的杯形多孔碗从固体或液体燃料制备可燃气体混合物的方法和装置，所述碗形孔带有向其内壁供应燃料的支撑炉排和气化流体供给至 格栅的外侧，耐火材料的中间层抵靠旋转炉排的内壁形成，用于支撑燃料并最终分割气化流体。

公开(公告)号：US4340397A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-20

申请号：US196817

申请日：1980-10-14

Applicant: Helmut Schulz

Inventor： Helmut Schulz

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/82 ,  C10J3/68

CPC classification number: C10J3/82 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823 ,  C10J2300/1846

Abstract: A slagging gasifier for the gasification of coal and organic waste materials is disclosed The gasifier includes a vertical blast furnace having a hearth section at the bottom thereof. A slag tap hole is formed in hearth section and opens into a quenching vessel. A honeycomb structure is formed on the inner surface of said hearth section in the area surrounding said slag tap hole, and the inner wall of the hearth section. A plurality of tuyeres extend into the hearth section and feed the furnace with steam and oxygen so as to permit the oxidation of coal and organic waste materials fed into the furnace. As a result of the oxidation, gas and molten slag are formed in the furnace. The slag is collected in the hearth section and exits the hearth section via the tap hole. One or more conduits are provided for recycling (either internally or externally) the gas exiting the top of the gasifier with the tars, oils, and particulates entrained therein to the partial combustion zone of the gasifier where the tars, oils and particulates are converted to non-condensible gases. A portion of the tar-free product gas is removed from an intermediate point in the gasifier below the pyrolysis and coking zone.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于煤和有机废料的气化的成渣气化器。气化器包括在其底部具有炉床部分的立式高炉。 在炉床部分形成炉渣分离孔，通入淬火容器。 蜂窝结构形成在所述炉底部分的内表面上，围绕所述炉渣排出孔的区域和炉床部分的内壁。 多个风口延伸到炉床部分中，并将炉子供给蒸汽和氧气，以便允许煤和有机废料进料到炉中。 作为氧化的结果，在炉中形成气体和熔渣。 炉渣收集在炉床部分中，并通过龙头孔离开炉床部分。 提供一个或多个导管，用于将从气化器顶部排出的气体（内部或外部）与夹带在其中的焦油，油和微粒一起循环到气化器的部分燃烧区域，其中焦油，油和微粒被转换为 不可凝气体。 一部分无焦油产物从热解焦化区内的气化器中的中间点除去。

公开(公告)号：US4279622A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-21

申请号：US102715

申请日：1979-12-12

Applicant: Henry B. Jones ,  Randlow Smith

Inventor： Henry B. Jones ,  Randlow Smith

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/48 ,  C10J3/84

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/00 ,  C10J3/485 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/86 ,  C10K1/026 ,  C10K1/04 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0943 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0969 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1823

Abstract: A hot raw gas stream, as produced by the partial oxidation of a solid carbonaceous fuel such as coal, is partially cooled and cleaned to remove entrained solid matter and slag. A novel gas-gas quench cooling and solids separation apparatus is employed. The apparatus comprises a closed cylindrical insulated vertical pressure vessel containing a lower quench chamber in communication with an upper solids separation chamber. The hot raw gas stream is cooled in the lower chamber to a temperature below the initial deformation temperature of the entrained slag by impingement and direct heat exchange with an oppositely directed coaxial stream of cooled, cleaned, and compressed recycle quench gas. The stream of cooled gas leaving the turbulent lower chamber passes up through a choke-ring into the comparatively calmer upper chamber counter-currently with solid slag droplets which separate out by gravity. Residual solid particles are removed from the gas stream by at least one cyclone separator located in the upper chamber. A portion of the cooled and cleaned gas stream leaving the vessel, with further cooling and with or without further cleaning downstream is recycled back to the vessel for use as said quench gas. Slag particles and other solid matter that are separated within the pressure vessel are removed at the bottom of the lower chamber.

Abstract translation: 通过固体碳质燃料如煤的部分氧化产生的热原料气流被部分冷却和清洁以除去夹带的固体物质和炉渣。 采用新型气 - 气淬火冷却和固体分离装置。 该装置包括封闭的圆柱形绝缘垂直压力容器，其包含与上部固体分离室连通的下部骤冷室。 热原料气流在下部室中被冷却到低于夹带炉渣的初始变形温度的温度，通过冲击和直接与冷却，清洁和压缩的再循环骤冷气体的相同方向的同轴流进行热交换。 离开湍流下室的冷却气体流通过阻塞环向上通过相对较平静的上部腔室，与通过重力分离的固体渣液滴相反。 剩余固体颗粒通过位于上部室中的至少一个旋风分离器从气流中除去。 冷却和清洁的气体流的一部分进一步冷却并且有或没有进一步清洁下游被再循环回容器用作所述骤冷气体。 在压力容器内分离的炉渣颗粒和其它固体物质在下室的底部被去除。

公开(公告)号：US4278447A

公开(公告)日：1981-07-14

申请号：US095022

申请日：1979-11-16

Applicant: Philip J. Dudt

Inventor： Philip J. Dudt

IPC: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/02 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/721 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0906 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959

Abstract: A process for producing a feedstock for a fixed bed gasifier from finely-divided coal by treating the coal in a first stirred semi-fluidized carbonizer reaction zone to produce particulate coal derived solids larger than the finely-divided coal charged to the first carbonizer and thereafter charging the particulate coal derived solids so produced to a second stirred semi-fluidized carbonizer reaction zone to produce particulate coal derived solids of a size consist greater than 1/4 inch which is charged to a fixed bed gasifier.

Abstract translation: 通过在第一搅拌的半流化碳化器反应区中处理煤以产生大于装入第一碳化器的细碎煤的颗粒状煤衍生固体，然后将其从精细分离的煤生产用于固定床气化器的原料的方法 将如此生产的颗粒状煤衍生的固体装入第二搅拌半流化碳化器反应区，以产生尺寸大于1/4英寸的粒状煤衍生固体，其被装入固定床气化器。

公开(公告)号：US4211540A

公开(公告)日：1980-07-08

申请号：US974221

申请日：1978-12-29

Applicant: David Netzer

Inventor： David Netzer

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/46 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10L3/08 ,  C10J3/06 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/466 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10K1/004 ,  C10K1/08 ,  C10K3/00 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: An improved process is disclosed for the production of fuel gas such as synthetic natural gas from coal. A sized coal feed of larger particle size is gasified in a moving bed gasifier such as the British Gas/Lurgi slagging gasifier, and forms a methane rich synthesis gas containing heavy and light organics which is quenched to form a water phase containing dissolved phenolic and other compounds. The water phase is separated from the gas phase and insoluble organics and mixed with a second portion of the coal containing fine particles which are not suitable for moving bed gasification to form a slurry. This coal-phenolic water slurry is gasified in an entrained bed gasifier, for example, the Texaco partial oxidation process, and forms a methane lean synthesis gas. The phenol, ammonia and dissolved organics in the water phase are destroyed and converted to valuable product gas. At least part of this product gas may be blended with the moving bed product gas for further processing to produce the desired fuel gas product. The product gas from the entrained bed gasifier is also suitable for production of hydrogen, ammonia, or methanol.

Abstract translation: 公开了用于生产诸如来自煤的合成天然气的燃料气体的改进方法。 较大颗粒尺寸的煤炭进料在诸如英国Gas / Lurgi造渣气化炉的移动床气化炉中气化，形成含有重，轻有机物的富含甲烷的合成气，其被淬灭以形成含有溶解的酚醛等的水相 化合物。 将水相与气相和不溶性有机物分离，并与不适于移动床气化的第二部分含煤微粒混合形成浆料。 这种煤 - 酚水浆料在夹带床气化器中气化，例如Texaco部分氧化工艺，并形成贫烷烃合成气。 水相中的苯酚，氨和溶解的有机物被破坏并转化为有价值的产物气体。 该产物气体的至少一部分可以与移动床产物气体共混以进一步处理以产生所需的燃料气体产物。 来自夹带床气化器的产物气体也适用于生产氢气，氨气或甲醇。

公开(公告)号：US4181504A

公开(公告)日：1980-01-01

申请号：US827867

申请日：1977-08-26

Applicant: Salvador L. Camacho

Inventor： Salvador L. Camacho

IPC: C10J3/20 ,  H05B7/00 ,  H05H1/32

CPC classification number: H05B7/00 ,  C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/78 ,  H05H1/32 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1238 ,  C10J2300/1675

Abstract: Apparatus and method for gasification of carbonaceous matter by plasma arc pyrolysis are disclosed. In one embodiment, a refractory-lined furnace is provided with a depression along its base for holding a pool of molten metal which acts as the external electrode for a bank of long arc column plasma torches which provide a heat mass for the process. The plasma arc pressure imparts momentum to the surface of the melt and causes it to flow in cusping eddy currents during the process. Crushed coal is deposited through the roof of the furnace by a rotary feeder in continuous plural streams. The coal is devolatilized in a matter of milli seconds and the volatiles are cracked as the coal falls by gravity through the interior of the furnace. The remaining carbon-rich char collects at plural sites on the surface of the melt and the mounds of char are rotated by the eddy currents. Steam is continuously injected into the furnace to produce hydrocarbon gases through reaction with the carbon-rich char. A residence time of five to thirty minutes produces carbon utilization of up to 92 percent. The hot raw gases are directed through a gas cooler where heat is extracted for producing the process steam and the cooled raw gases are upgraded to pipeline quality by conventional carbon dioxide and moisture removal techniques and by methanization with catalysts. The raw gas may also be burned directly as a medium-Btu gas or used as a reductant in the direct reduction of iron ore.

Abstract translation: 公开了通过等离子体电弧热解气化碳质物质的装置和方法。 在一个实施例中，耐火材料衬里的炉沿其底部设置有凹陷，用于保持熔融金属池，其作为提供该工艺的热质量的长弧形等离子体喷枪组的外部电极。 等离子体电弧压力使熔体的表面产生动量，并使其在过程中流动。 碎煤通过旋转进料器以连续的多个流沉积在炉顶。 煤在几秒钟内脱挥发分，当煤通过重力通过炉内时，挥发物被破裂。 剩余的富碳焦点在熔体表面的多个位置处收集，并且炭的堆积被涡流旋转。 将蒸汽连续注入炉中，通过与富碳焦炭反应产生烃气。 五到三十分钟的停留时间可以达到高达92％的碳利用率。 热的原始气体被引导通过气体冷却器，其中提取热量以产生过程蒸汽，并且通过常规的二氧化碳和水分去除技术和用催化剂甲烷化将冷却的原料气体升级到管道质量。 原始气体也可以作为中等Btu气体直接燃烧，或者用作直接还原铁矿石的还原剂。

公开(公告)号：US4129422A

公开(公告)日：1978-12-12

申请号：US771330

申请日：1977-02-23

Applicant: Andrew Wood

Inventor： Andrew Wood

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  B01J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: A removable annular hearth member, shaped to fit over the slag outlet of a slagging gasifier, comprises a cast body of high thermal conductivity having integral coolant passageways, said passageways being formed by shaping a metal tube into a coil having an inlet and an outlet, and casting metal to the desired shape around the coil such that the inlet and outlet communicate exteriorly of the cast body.

Abstract translation: 成形为装配在排渣气化器的炉渣出口上的可移除的环形炉床构件包括具有整体冷却剂通道的高导热性铸造体，所述通道通过将金属管成形为具有入口和出口的线圈而形成， 并且将金属铸造成围绕线圈的所需形状，使得入口和出口在铸体外部连通。

公开(公告)号：US4119411A

公开(公告)日：1978-10-10

申请号：US744035

申请日：1976-11-22

Applicant: John Alfred Anderson ,  Dennis Hebden

Inventor： John Alfred Anderson ,  Dennis Hebden

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  B01J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/76 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: An easily removable unit connecting a pressurized gasifier vessel with a slag quenching chamber, wherein the unit consists of a flanged cylindrical tube arranged to carry the slag tap, burner and all services, supplies, electrical cables to and from the gasifier.

Abstract translation: 将加压气化器容器与炉渣淬火室连接的容易拆卸的单元，其中，该单元由布置成将渣槽，燃烧器和所有的服务，电气供应和从气化器供电的法兰圆筒管组成。

公开(公告)号：US4073627A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-14

申请号：US744028

申请日：1976-11-22

Applicant: John A. Anderson

Inventor： John A. Anderson

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  B01J3/00

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/74 ,  C10J3/845 ,  C10J2200/154 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0956 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  Y10S48/02

Abstract: Apparatus for moving a lance burner into selected positions beneath the slag tap outlet of a slagging gasifier, comprising a `U`-shaped member adapted to carry flows of separate fluids to the burner, the member having two arms, the first arm being supported by one or more bearing members, and the second arm being adapted to carry a burner at its free end.

Abstract translation: 用于将喷枪燃烧器移动到排渣气化器的炉渣出口下方的选定位置的装置，包括适于将单独流体的流携带到燃烧器的“U”形构件，该构件具有两个臂，第一臂由 一个或多个轴承构件，并且第二臂适于在其自由端承载燃烧器。

公开(公告)号：US4052173A

公开(公告)日：1977-10-04

申请号：US675918

申请日：1976-04-12

Applicant: Helmut W. Schulz

Inventor： Helmut W. Schulz

IPC: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/16

CPC classification number: C10J3/08 ,  C10J3/16 ,  C10J3/20 ,  C10J3/32 ,  C10J3/84 ,  C10J2300/0916 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0959 ,  C10J2300/0976 ,  C10J2300/1807 ,  C10J2300/1846 ,  Y02E50/32

Abstract: Gaseous fuels are produced by a process which involves simultaneous gasification of coal and pyrolysis of organic solid waste materials in a pollution-free conversion system. According to this process, a mixture of coal and organic solid waste materials is fed to the top of a reaction vessel such as a vertical shaft furnace or a blast furnace, wherein the feed is dried by heat exchange with the gases rising from the lower section of the reactor. Steam and an oxidant gas containing at least 75 volume percent oxygen are introduced to the bottom of the reactor for partially combusting coke and char in a partial combustion zone thereby providing the thermal driving force for the reactions in the reactor. The organic solid waste materials are pyrolyzed and the volatile components of the coal destructively distilled simultaneously in the presence of hydrogen in a pyrolysis and coking zone of the reactor wherein the organic solid waste materials are converted into char and the coal is converted into coke. The char and coke are reacted with oxygen and steam in the partial combustion zone. The descending inorganic materials are fused and the fused slag and molten metals are tapped from the bottom of the reactor. The gaseous products are removed from the top of the furnace and subjected to a product recovery section to remove the undesirable components. The ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide can be varied over a wide, commercially important range, by feeding secondary steam to a high temperature reaction zone intermediate the partial combustion zone and the pyrolysis and coking zone. Depending upon the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide produced, the gaseous products can be used as fuel or as a synthesis gas for the production of methanol or methane.Gaseous product containing larger quantities of methane may be produced by maintaining the reactor at elevated pressures during the process.