Abstract:
Method and apparatus are provided for determining the validity and maximizing the accuracy of analytical results provided by automated sample analysis apparatus which operate in accordance with ideal operational characteristics and wherein the analytical results are provided in the form of a series of data outputs for each sample analysis and comprise the constant monitoring of the data outputs produced by the apparatus upon the analysis of a sample, the comparison of the thusly monitored data outputs to determine the variations therebetween, the comparison of variations with said ideal operational characteristics of said apparatus so as to verify the validity of the thusly monitored data outputs, and the selection and outputting as the sample analysis results in accordance with said comparisons of those of said data outputs which are most analytically correct to thus maximize the accuracy of said results.
Abstract:
A method of effectively heat fractionating lactic acid dehydrogenase-containing samples into their isoenzyme components to determine abnormal LDH activity for diagnostic purposes is disclosed which relates to a rapid heating step in the presence of a buffered solution having a certain concentration and carried out at a specified pH range.
Abstract:
WHEREIN N IS AN INTEGER FROM 9 TO 20, UNTIL IT BECOMES OPTICALLY CLEAR.
The reduction of turbidity in serum and plasma samples to be analyzed photometrically whereby the sample is mixed with a polyoxyethylated lauric acid compound of the formula:
Abstract:
A mixer to reduce solids having a constituent of interest therein for analysis, which reduction is of a physical nature and takes place in a carrier liquid. The mixer is similar to a homogenizer and includes a cutter element which rotates relatively to a second cutter element and is mounted to float toward and away from the second element. The first cutter element has at least one hydrofoil surface portion on the face thereof obverse to the face thereof which coacts with the second element. When the first cutter element is rotated at speed, the action of such hydrofoil surface on the carrier liquid is such as to urge the first cutter element toward the second cutter element to obtain the optimum cutting gap between the cutter elements.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for curtain electrophoresis in which ionic species of a sample are separated by differential migration under the influence of an electric field gradient extending horizontally across a sheathed vertical curtain of a liquid medium. The sample enters the curtain, which includes buffer solution, adjacent the top of the curtain, and the sample fractions leave the curtain adjacent the bottom of the latter at different lateral locations with reference to the vertical center line of the curtain. The adverse effect of horizontal sample flow inequality on sample separation resolution, which inequality results in horizontal band broadening or spreading, is significantly reduced or eliminated. Such reduction is achieved by pulsing the electric field on and off in synchronization with the sample flow: the field is deenergized while the sample is entering the curtain and again while the sample is leaving the curtain.
Abstract:
An automatic analysis apparatus includes an indexible table supporting a plurality of liquid sample containers, a stationary reagent liquid container, two off-take tubes, one tube insertable in a presented thereto sample container, the other tube insertable in the reagent container, means for concurrently inserting both tubes repeatedly into their respective containers to provide a flowing stream of segments of liquid sample interspersed by air segments, and a similar stream of segments of reagent. These streams are merged to form stream of liquid and air segments, which stream of liquid and air segments is passed through the sight passageway of a flow cell of a colorimeter. A recorder is coupled to the colorimeter, and may be rendered operational when the sight passageway of the flow cell is fully occupied by liquid.
Abstract:
A method of fabricating laboratory glassware to provide a relatively small, rugged article of monolithic form having one or more relatively small fluid passageways therein which may be characterized as having the appearance of wormholes. The method includes the step of preforming sacrificial tubing, sections of which may be socketed together, and socketing the tubing with tubular connectors on assembly, prior to encapsulating the assembly in glass material. The sacrificial tubing is removed after encapsulation.
Abstract:
A magnetic mixer for laboratory use which includes a permanent magnet mounted for rotation and driven on an axis centrally between its poles. A volume of combined liquids, containing in addition a multiplicity of magnetic particles, is supported centrally with reference to the magnet poles for activation of the particles in the rotating magnetic field to mix the liquids to achieve a reaction between them or merely a blending. This rotational force on the mixture has the effect of redistributing the magnetic particles away from the center of the mixture which effect, unless countered, lessens the mixing action. A second permanent magnet is provided having its poles in substantial alignment with the first mentioned axis, and having one of these last-mentioned poles spaced a distance nearer to the mixture than the other pole thereof, the magnetic field of the second magnet being substantially at right angles to the magnetic field of the first magnet. The field of the second magnet effectively counters by attraction the aforementioned redistributing movement of the magnetic particles, and the resultant particle distribution is substantially uniform throughout the combined liquids.