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    METHOD AND SPECTROMETER APPARATUS FOR INVESTIGATING AN INFRARED ABSORPTION OF A SAMPLE
    82.
    发明申请
    METHOD AND SPECTROMETER APPARATUS FOR INVESTIGATING AN INFRARED ABSORPTION OF A SAMPLE 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210239605A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-08-05

    申请号：US17050650

    申请日：2018-04-27

    Applicant: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL)

    Inventor： Hatice ALTUG YANIK ,  Andreas TITTL ,  Aleksandrs LEITIS

    IPC: G01N21/35 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G02B1/00 ,  G02B5/00

    Abstract: A method of investigating a sample (1) having an absorption within an infrared spectral range of interest, comprises the steps of creating measuring light (2) with a light source device (10), wherein the measuring light (2) includes wavelengths covering the infrared spectral range, directing the measuring light (2) through the sample (1) to a detector device (20) with a plurality of detector units (21), (21) each of which comprising an infrared sensitive sensor section (22) and an associated metamaterial resonator section (23) having a specific spectral resonance line (3), wherein the spectral resonance lines (3) of the resonator sections (23) have different frequencies within the infrared spectral range, wherein the measuring light (2) is transmitted through the sample (1) to the resonator sections (23) and subsequently sensed by the sensor sections (22), wherein an output of each of the sensor sections (22) depends on the absorption of the sample (1) at the frequency of the spectral resonance line (3) of the associated resonator section (23), and providing at least one absorption characteristic of the sample (1) on the basis of the output of the sensor sections (22), wherein the sample (1) is arranged for providing near field coupling of electronic states of the sample (1) and photonic resonator states of the resonator sections (23), wherein, for each of the resonator sections (23), a resonance line attenuation is created, which is determined by a complex refractive index of the sample (1) at the frequency of the spectral resonance line (3) of the resonator section (23), and the output of each of the sensor sections (22) is determined by the resonance line attenuation of the associated resonator section (23). Furthermore, a spectrometer apparatus (100) for investigating a sample (1) is described, which has an absorption within an infrared spectral range of interest.

    Mechanical manipulator for surgical instruments
    83.
    发明授权
    Mechanical manipulator for surgical instruments 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11076922B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-08-03

    申请号：US16153695

    申请日：2018-10-05

    Applicant: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL)

    Inventor： Ricardo Daniel Rita Beira ,  Reymond Clavel ,  Hannes Bleuler

    IPC: A61B34/30 ,  A61B34/00 ,  F16H19/08 ,  A61B17/29 ,  A61B90/00

    Abstract: A novel mechanical system, based on a new cable driven mechanical transmission, able to provide sufficient dexterity, stiffness, speed, precision and payload capacity to actuate multi-DOF micro-manipulators. Besides the possibility of being used in several articulated surgical instruments and robotic systems for surgery or other applications involving remote manipulation, it enables the design of a novel fully mechanical surgical instrument, which offer the advantages of conventional laparoscopy (low cost, tactile feedback, high payload capacity) combined with the advantages of single port surgery (single incision, scarless surgery, navigation through several quadrants of the abdominal cavity) and robotic surgery (greater degrees of freedom, short learning curve, high stiffness, high precision, increased intuition). The unique design of the proposed system provides an intuitive user interface to achieve such enhanced manoeuvrability, allowing each joint of a teleoperated slave system to be driven by controlling the position of a mechanically connected master unit.

    GAS PRESSURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE
    84.
    发明申请
    GAS PRESSURE MEASUREMENT DEVICE 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210231512A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-07-29

    申请号：US17053592

    申请日：2019-05-07

    Applicant: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL)

    Inventor： Ian ROUSSEAU ,  Pirouz SOHI

    IPC: G01L1/24

    Abstract: The present invention concerns vacuum pressure gauge or gas pressure measurement device comprising a polar semiconductor structure, at least one light source for illuminating a surface of the polar semiconductor structure, measurement means configured to measure a value representing a gas adsorption rate or a change in gas adsorption rate on the surface of the polar semiconductor structure, comparison means configured to compare said measured value with at least one predetermined setpoint value representing a balance between photoinduced desorption and gas adsorption on the surface of the polar semiconductor structure and control means configured to change an optical output power of the light source to match or substantially match said measured value with said setpoint value.

    PCM-BASED HEAT EXCHANGER AND USES THEREOF
    85.
    发明申请
    PCM-BASED HEAT EXCHANGER AND USES THEREOF 有权

    公开(公告)号：US20210222959A1

    公开(公告)日：2021-07-22

    申请号：US17055847

    申请日：2019-05-16

    Applicant: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL)

    Inventor： Véronique MICHAUD ,  Lucas FUENTES VALENZUELA ,  Sophia HAUSSENER ,  Matthieu GANI ,  Marc ROULIN ,  Tomasz JODLOWSKI

    IPC: F28D20/02

    Abstract: A PCM-based heat exchanger is disclosed, said phase change material (PCM)-based heat exchanger comprising: a) a case having insulated walls comprising an inlet and an outlet; and b) a plurality of modules comprising a support structure containing a phase change material, wherein said modules are arranged within said case in a way as to define a fluidic path connecting said inlet with said outlet. Another object relates to an apparatus, wherein said apparatus is an incubator, such as an infant incubator or a chicken/eggs incubator, or a glove box, characterized in that it comprises the PCM-based heat exchanger operatively connected with a hood defining an insulating compartment, a fan adapted for injecting an air flow into said PCM-based heat exchanger and a system to regulate the air temperature inside the hood.

    Gridded ion thruster with integrated solid propellant
    86.
    发明授权
    Gridded ion thruster with integrated solid propellant 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11060513B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-07-13

    申请号：US15755322

    申请日：2016-08-30

    Applicant: ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE ,  CENTRE NATIONAL DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE

    Inventor： Dmytro Rafalskyi ,  Ane Aanesland

    IPC: F03H1/00 ,  H05H1/54

    Abstract: The invention relates to an ion thruster, comprising: a chamber, a reservoir, comprising a solid propellant (PS), housed in the chamber and comprising a conductive jacket provided with an orifice; means for forming an ion-electron plasma in the chamber, which means are able to sublime the solid propellant in the reservoir, then to generate said plasma in the chamber from the sublimed propellant coming from the reservoir through the orifice; a means for extracting and accelerating the ions and electrons of the plasma out of the chamber, which means comprises at least two grids at one end (E) of the chamber; a radiofrequency AC voltage source for generating a radiofrequency signal comprised between the plasma frequencies of the ions and of the electrons, arranged in series with a capacitor and connected, by one of its outputs and via this capacitor, to one of the grids, with the other grid being connected to the other output of said voltage source; said means for extracting and accelerating and said voltage source making it possible to form, at the output of the chamber, an ion-electron beam.

    Method and apparatus for the analysis of molecules using mass spectrometry and optical spectroscopy
    87.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for the analysis of molecules using mass spectrometry and optical spectroscopy 有权

    公开(公告)号：US11043366B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-06-22

    申请号：US16743197

    申请日：2020-01-15

    Applicant: Thermo Fisher Scientific (Bremen) GmbH ,  ECOLE POLYTECHNIQUE FEDERALE DE LAUSANNE (EPFL)

    Inventor： Alexander Makarov ,  Oleg Boyarkine ,  Vladimir Kopysov

    IPC: H01J49/00

    Abstract: A method of analyzing molecules, comprising: generating ions from a sample of molecules; cooling the generated ions below ambient temperature; fragmenting at least some of the cooled ions by irradiating the ions with light at a plurality of different wavelengths (λ) within one or more predetermined spectral intervals; recording a fragment mass spectrum of the fragmented ions comprising a detected signal (I) versus m/z over a predetermined range of m/z values for each of the plurality of different wavelengths (λ), thereby recording a two-dimensional dependency of the detected signal (I) on m/z and irradiation wavelength (λ); and determining from the recorded two-dimensional dependency an identity of at least one of the generated ions and/or relative abundances of different generated ions and thereby determining an identity of at least of one of the molecules and/or relative abundances of different molecules in the sample.

    Orthogonal differential vector signaling
    89.
    发明授权
    Orthogonal differential vector signaling 有权

    公开(公告)号：US10985806B2

    公开(公告)日：2021-04-20

    申请号：US16511911

    申请日：2019-07-15

    Applicant: Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne

    Inventor： Harm Cronie ,  Amin Shokrollahi

    IPC: H04B7/0413 ,  H04L5/00 ,  H04L25/02 ,  H04L25/49

    Abstract: Using a transformation based at least in part on a non-simple orthogonal or unitary matrix, data may be transmitted over a data bus in a manner that is resilient to one or more types of signal noise, that does not require a common reference at the transmission and acquisition points, and/or that has a pin-efficiency that is greater than 50% and may approach that of single-ended signaling. Such transformations may be implemented in hardware in an efficient manner. Hybrid transformers that apply such transformations to selected subsets of signals to be transmitted may be used to adapt to various signal set sizes and/or transmission environment properties including noise and physical space requirements of given transmission environments.

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