Methods for detecting pipeline weakening

    公开(公告)号:US11604127B2

    公开(公告)日:2023-03-14

    申请号:US16647917

    申请日:2018-09-21

    Abstract: Methods of detecting pipeline weakening are described herein. The methods include creating a pressure wave in a fluid flowing in a pipeline using an input transducer located at a first position along the pipeline; measuring the pressure wave using an output transducer positioned at a second position along the pipeline that is spaced from the first position, and generating an output signal based on the pressure wave; analyzing the output signal to determine a stiffness of a sidewall of the pipeline positioned between the input transducer and output transducer; and determining if the sidewall includes a defect based on the stiffness of the sidewall, including analyzing a frequency response of the output signal to detect the defect.

    Notched airway device and use thereof in bag-mask ventilation and endotracheal tube placement

    公开(公告)号:US11517696B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-12-06

    申请号:US16098530

    申请日:2017-04-18

    Inventor: William McKay

    Abstract: Novel airway devices and methods address complications of ventilating a patient with a mask; placing an endotracheal tube in an awake patient; and need for a bite block during flexible bronchoscopy and gastroscopy. The airway device features notches for engaging maxillary and mandibular teeth in a manner protracting the patient's mandible relative to the maxilla to open up the airway. This way, an open airway is easily maintained simply by holding the jaw closed against the device with the same hand used to operate a bag ventilator. A longitudinal channel in the device features a downwardly curved end wall for improved guidance of the endoscope into position. The channel is open sided at the top or bottom to allow rolling of the airway device off the endoscope into an offset position serving as a protective bite block and allowing feeding of the endotracheal tube along the endoscope.

    Method and system of laser-driven intense x-ray photons imaging

    公开(公告)号:US11438997B2

    公开(公告)日:2022-09-06

    申请号:US17250302

    申请日:2019-07-04

    Abstract: A X-ray source, comprising a laser, of a pulse duration of at most 40 fs, instantaneous power of at least about 80 TW, a pulse repetition rate of at least 1 Hz; an optical compressor spectrally shaping the laser beam; focusing optics in the range between f#10 and f#15; and a gas target of electron density after ionization by the laser beam in a range between 1018 cm3 and 1019 cm−3; wherein the focusing optics focuses the laser beam in the gas target, and interaction of the focused laser beam with the gas target generates an X-ray beam, with a focused laser amplitude a0, given by a0=0.855 [IL (1018W/cm2)λL,2 (μm)]1/2, where IL is the on-target laser intensity and λL is the laser wavelength, of at least 2 and a P/Pc ratio value of at least 20, with P being the beam power and Pc a critical power given by Pc=17 (nc/n) GW where n is the electron density and nc is a critical electron density at which the plasma acts as a mirror reflecting the laser beam.

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