Abstract:
There is proposed a water treatment method by causing the water to be pured to flow through a first and a second compartments arranged in succession in an electrolysis cell divided by a permeable membrane into said first and second compartments. Each of the compartments accomodates an electrode, one of them being an anode, and the other--a cathode. Direct electric current is then passed through the water between the anode and the cathode, the current value being determined from the following equation:I=K.times.(C).sup.1/4 .times.Q,whereinI is the current amperage (A),C is the feed water mineralization equal to 0.1-1.5 g/l,Q is the water flow rate (1/hour), ##EQU1## the I/Q ratio being comprised within from about 110 to about 220 Coulomb/liter. The water is caused to flow successively from the anode compartment towards the cathode compartment. Once the water is discharged from the cathode compartment, it is subjected to filtering by passing the water through a bed of a porous carbonaceous material.
Abstract:
A control apparatus which can control a continuous electrolytic ion water producing apparatus so that determination and indication of energization and electrolyzing capacity of an electrolytic cell and determination and indication of a life of a filter cartridge are performed appropriately. A control unit connected to a power source circuit of the electrolytic cell includes an electrolysis judging device which judges, based on a signal of a flow rate sensor and a signal of a range change-over switch whether or not an electrolyzing operation should be performed. When the electrolyzing judging device judges that an electrolyzing operation should be performed, a power source switch is turned on to cause the power source circuit to energize the electrolytic cell to perform an electrolyzing operation. On the contrary when it is judged that an electrolyzing operation should not be performed, the electrolysis judging device turns off the power source switch to put the electrolytic cell into a deenergized condition.
Abstract:
A water purifying apparatus of compact construction. The water purifying apparatus has a water channel for receiving water via an inflow passage and discharging water via an outflow passage. An electrically conductive filter is disposed in and fully occupies a portion of the water channel for purifying water flowing through the filter. A first electrode is electrically connected to the filter, and a second electrode, disposed in the filter, is electrically connected to the filter via water flowing through the filter. A battery supplies voltage between the first and second electrodes. A switch controls application of the voltage from the batteries to the first and second electrodes. A circuit board having a control circuit is disposed above the first electrode, the second electrode and the switch. The circuit board is electrically connected to the various electronic components.
Abstract:
A thin film electrocoagulation liquid treatment apparatus includes a nonconductive housing formed by opposite top and bottom walls, opposite side walls, and tubular end members with slots therethrough which define a treatment chamber. Pluralities of elongated electrodes extend between the side walls and are spaced along the top and bottom walls in spaced apart interleaved relation to define a serpentine fluid treatment path. The tubular end members form fluid connections, one end member receiving liquid to be treated from a supply conduit and the other discharging the treated liquid to a discharge conduit. A DC power supply has opposite poles thereof connected respectively to the sets of electrodes in such a manner that the polarity on succeeding electrodes is opposite. The first two electrodes in the flow direction of the fluid path are preferably connected to the negative pole of the power supply. A treatment process employing the treater apparatus includes pressure differential monitoring across the treater and flow direction reversal to avoid clogging the treater and temperature differential monitoring across the treater to optimize the consumption of electrical power by the process.
Abstract:
An apparatus producing continuously electrolyzed water is so constructed that the ratio R.sub.2 /R.sub.1 of the intake amount of cathode water containing abundantly alcali ions to the intake amount of anode water containing abundantly acid ions with respect to that of city water supplied to the electrolytic cell is increased.
Abstract:
A self cleaning electrolytic chlorinator for swimming pools and water treatment plants comprises a low voltage D.C. power supply unit which cyclically reverses the polarity at the electrodes to shed accumulated deposits which plate out on the electrode surfaces. Damage to the delicate catalytic coating on the electrodes is prevented by stepping the applied potential from a maximum to a minimum value before changing polarity and then stepping the applied potential back to a maximum value.
Abstract:
An apparatus for the production of sterilized and calcium-ion water includes: a housing structure; an electrolytic cell with electrical terminals and electrodes installed in the housing structure; a plurality of electromagnetic valves separately provided at a water-intake pipe and a water-drain pipe in communication with the electrolytic cell; a setting switch disposed in the housing structure and electrically coupled with the electrolytic cell for adjusting the current intensity of electrolysis therewith; a hydraulic-pressure switch provided at a water pressure pipe for the control of the water-level in the electrolytic cell; an ultraviolet sterilizing tank connected to the electrolytic cell for sterilizing the electrolyzed water; and a control circuit respectively coupled with the electrolytic cell, the electromagnetic valves and the setting and hydraulic switches; whereby, calcium-ion water can be effectively produced for drinking purposes.
Abstract:
A device for treating fluids passing therethrough with a pulsed DC magnetic field includes a cylindrical conduit of nonmagnetic material in which there is captively held a plurality of adjacently contacting solid ferromagnetic but unmagnetized spheres. At opposite ends and surrounding the cylindrical conduit is a pair of annular pole pieces made of a ferromagnetic material between which there is circumferentially wound an activating coil supplied with pulsed DC from a power supply. The interrupted DC field provides, in connection with the pole piece and spheres, a tortuous path through the treating device where the magnetic field is concentrated at the nodes defined by the pole pieces and the spheres through which the magnetic flux path is completed from pole piece to pole piece. In the preferred embodiment the device is employed for the magnetic treatment of water passing through the cylindrical conduit.
Abstract:
Disclosed is an electronic fluid treatment device for use in circulating fluid systems for controlling and removal of scale materials. This device includes a series of electrodes in the form of parallel metal sheets. Alternate electrodes are oppositely charged by a low voltage DC power supply thereby generating an electric field between adjacent electrodes. By passing the fluid through this electric field, any mineral particles in the fluid are electrically modified thereby inhibiting crystal growth and agglomeration which results in scale deposits on the inner walls of circulating systems. The planar metal electrodes are directly exposed to the fluid with the planar configuration allowing maximum exposure to the electric field. The metal electrodes may be placed on a support so as to be parallel to the flow of the fluid or longitudinal therewith, using perforated, expanded, or screen mesh metal planar electrodes. The parallel plate electrode configuration may be utilized in both a pressure system by enclosing the parallel plates in a rectangular conduit or in an open circulating fluid system as for example a cooling tower basin.
Abstract:
An assembly of electrodes suitably for use in electrochemical processes, comprising a plurality of elongated conductive elements as electrodes arranged substantially in parallel in a vertical plane and spaced apart from each other. At least one elongated non-conductive element is interposed between every two adjacent conductive elements. Preferably, both the conductive and non-conductive elements are flexible and the assembly comprises a base fabric of non-conductive material and a plurality of conductive elements incorporated in said base fabric.