公开(公告)号：US4766244A

公开(公告)日：1988-08-23

申请号：US925358

申请日：1986-10-30

Applicant: Zenon Lysenko

Inventor： Zenon Lysenko

IPC: B01J23/44 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/13 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C213/02 ,  C07C215/80 ,  C08G73/22 ,  C07C85/11

CPC classification number: C07C201/12 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C08G73/22

Abstract: High purity 4,6-dinitro-1,3-benzenediol is prepared by (a) contacting a 1,2,3-trihalobenzene with a nitrating agent and an acid under reaction conditions such that a 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene is produced, (b) contacting the 1,2,3-trihalo-4,6-dinitrobenzene prepared in (a) with an alkanol and a base under reaction conditions such that a 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzenediol is produced, and (c) contacting the 4,6-dinitro-2-halo-1,3-benzenediol prepared in (b) with a hydrogenating agent in the presence of a solvent and a catalyst under reaction conditions such that a 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is produced. This 4,6-diamino-1,3-benzenediol is useful in the preparation of high molecular weight polybenzoxazoles.

公开(公告)号：US4746642A

公开(公告)日：1988-05-24

申请号：US671359

申请日：1984-11-14

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher

IPC: B01J27/24 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  B01J27/02 ,  B01J23/00

CPC classification number: B01J27/24 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Catalysts comprising the adduct of a Group 4b-Group 3b metal oxide composition represented by the empirical formula:(M.sup.1.sub.a M.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.c).sub.x (NO.sub.2).sub.ywherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from Group 4b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from Group 3b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, a is 1, b is 0.05 to 20, c is a number taken to satisfy the average valences of M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 in the oxidation states in which they exist in the composition, x is 1, and y is 0 to c, and a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide are useful to catalyze the nitration of aromatic compounds in the vapor phase to produce nitroaromatic compounds. The catalysts are particularly effective to catalyze the vapor phase nitration of chlorobenzene and are characterized in such reaction by providing a para/ortho isomer distribution ratio of at least about 2/1.

Abstract translation: 包含由经验式：（M1aM2bOc）x（NO2）y表示的第4b族第3b族金属氧化物组合物的加合物的催化剂，其中M1是选自元素周期表第4b族元素中的至少一种元素，M2在 选自元素周期表第3b族中的至少一种元素，a为1，b为0.05〜20，c为满足在组成中存在的氧化态的M1和M2的平均化合价数 ，x为1，y为0至c，催化有效量的三氧化硫可用于催化气相中芳族化合物的硝化以产生硝基芳族化合物。 催化剂特别有效地催化氯苯的气相硝化，并且通过提供至少约2/1的对位/邻位异构体分布比来表征其在这种反应中。

公开(公告)号：US4723043A

公开(公告)日：1988-02-02

申请号：US882515

申请日：1986-07-07

Applicant: Serge Ratton

Inventor： Serge Ratton

IPC: C07C205/22 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/26 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C79/32

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16

Abstract: Substituted phenols are nitrated by contacting same with a 10 to 70% by weight concentrated aqueous solution of nitric acid. The subject nitration process is well adopted for the preparation, e.g., of 2,6-dichloro-4-nitrophenol, a valuable intermediate in the production of various agrochemicals/pharmaceuticals.

Abstract translation: 通过使其与10至70重量％浓度的硝酸水溶液接触来将取代的酚硝化。 目标硝化方法被广泛用于制备例如2,6-二氯-4-硝基苯酚（生产各种农用化学品/药物中的有价值的中间体）。

公开(公告)号：US4618733A

公开(公告)日：1986-10-21

申请号：US671253

申请日：1984-11-14

Applicant: Ignatius Schumacher

Inventor： Ignatius Schumacher

IPC: B01J27/02 ,  B01J27/04 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C07B31/00 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07B61/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/12 ,  C07C205/37 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: C07B43/02 ,  B01J27/24 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Aromatic compounds are nitrated in the vapor phase via a process comprising contacting the aromatic compounds with a nitrating agent in the presence of a nitration promoting catalyst comprising the adduct of a Group 4b-Group 3b metal oxide composition represented by the empirical formula:(M.sup.1.sub.a M.sup.2.sub.b O.sub.c).sub.x (NO.sub.2).sub.ywherein M.sup.1 is at least one element selected from Group 4b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, M.sup.2 is at least one element selected from Group 3b of the Periodic Table of the Elements, a is 1, b is 0 to 20, c is a number taken to satisfy the average valences of M.sup.1 and M.sup.2 in the oxidation states in which they exist in the composition, x is 1, and y is 0 to c, and a catalytically effective amount of sulfur trioxide. Such catalysts are particularly effective to catalyze the vapor phase nitration of chlorobenzene and are characterized in such reaction by providing a para/ortho isomer distribution ratio of at least about 2/1.

Abstract translation: 芳族化合物在蒸气相中通过包括在硝化促进催化剂存在下使芳族化合物与硝化剂接触的方法进行硝化，所述催化剂包含由经验式：（M1aM2bOc）表示的第4b族第3b族金属氧化物组合物的加合物， x（NO 2）y，其中M1是选自元素周期表的第4b族中的至少一种元素，M2是选自元素周期表的第3b族中的至少一种元素，a是1，b是0〜 在图20中，c是为了满足组合物中存在的氧化态的M1和M2的平均化合价，x为1，y为0〜c，催化有效量的三氧化硫。 这种催化剂特别有效地催化氯苯的气相硝化，并且通过提供至少约2/1的对位/邻位异构体分布比来表征这种反应。

公开(公告)号：US4524222A

公开(公告)日：1985-06-18

申请号：US574134

申请日：1984-01-26

Applicant: Charles F. Weidig

Inventor： Charles F. Weidig

IPC: C07C37/82 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C29/74

CPC classification number: C07C201/16 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C37/82

Abstract: Dinitro alkyl phenols are produced free of tar when the precursor orthoalkylphenol is contacted with a molecular sieve prior to sulfonation, nitration, and air drying. The dinitro alkylphenols produced are free of tars or similar resins and avoid processing problems that are shown in impure prior art products.

Abstract translation: 当前体正烷基苯酚在磺化，硝化和空气干燥之前与分子筛接触时，产生无硝酸二苯基烷基酚。 所生产的二硝基烷基酚不含焦油或类似树脂，并避免了不纯的现有技术产品中显示的加工问题。

公开(公告)号：US4505879A

公开(公告)日：1985-03-19

申请号：US278004

申请日：1981-07-06

Applicant: Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot ,  Yvon Jestin ,  Robert Pelletier

Inventor： Pierre Lhonore ,  Jacques Quibel ,  Bernard Jacquinot ,  Yvon Jestin ,  Robert Pelletier

IPC: C07B43/02 ,  B01J3/04 ,  B01J19/00 ,  C07B31/00 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C205/03 ,  B01J12/00 ,  B01J19/24 ,  B01J19/26

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  B01J19/0013 ,  B01J3/042 ,  B01J2219/00063 ,  B01J2219/00085 ,  B01J2219/00159 ,  B01J2219/00162 ,  B01J2219/00164 ,  Y10T137/85938

Abstract: A reactor for nitration of saturated hydrocarbons having less than five con atoms, alone or in admixture, in the gaseous phase under pressure is made up of a reaction enclosure, in which a tube or pipe bank is in contact with a heated fluid of high heat-exchange capacity. The inside perimeter of the tubes does not exceed 800 mm, and if circular not in excess of 250 mm, and the ratio of the surface of the tube bank, in contact with the reaction medium, to the volume of the reaction enclosure is 1:1 to 3:1.The reactor apparatus further includes a mechanical means to uniformly distribute the delivery of reaction medium gases to the various tubes of the bank so that the load difference between the most loaded tube and that of the least loaded tube is equal to 10% at the most.The reactor also includes a tube bank injector which feeds the tube bank to assure homogeneous mixing of all the reaction fluids in the tube bank.

Abstract translation: 用于在压力下在气相中单独或以混合物硝化少于五个碳原子的饱和烃的反应器由反应壳体组成，其中管或管组与高热的加热流体接触 交换容量。 管的内周长不超过800mm，如果圆形不超过250mm，并且与反应介质接触的管组的表面与反应外壳的体积之比为1： 1到3：1。 反应器装置还包括将反应介质气体均匀地分配到储存器的各种管中的机械装置，使得最负载管和最小负载管的负载差最大等于10％。 反应器还包括管堤注入器，其向管组供给以确保管组中的所有反应流体的均匀混合。

公开(公告)号：US4482769A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

申请号：US533166

申请日：1983-09-16

Applicant: Bernard A. Toseland ,  Richard Van Court Carr

Inventor： Bernard A. Toseland ,  Richard Van Court Carr

IPC: C07C201/16 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16

Abstract: Dinitrotoluene, which is produced by mixed acid nitration of toluene, is purified in a way which produces a product suitable for conversion to toluene diamine and a less environmentally objectionable by-product stream. The process involves contacting a crude dinitrotoluene stream containing by-product nitrophenolic materials with an alkaline material and monitoring the pH such that dinitroorthocresol by-product is maintained in the organic phase while the trinitroorthocresol by-products are converted to water-soluble materials and removed with an aqueous phase.

Abstract translation: 通过甲苯的混合酸硝化生产的二硝基甲苯以产生适于转化为甲苯二胺的产物和较少环境不利的副产物流的方式被纯化。 该方法包括将含有副产物硝基酚物质的粗二硝基甲苯流与碱性物质接触并监测pH，使二硝基对甲酚副产物保持在有机相中，而三硝基对甲酚副产物转化为水溶性物质，并用 水相。

公开(公告)号：US4482438A

公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

申请号：US520646

申请日：1983-08-05

Applicant: Roy E. Ballard ,  Alexander McKillop

Inventor： Roy E. Ballard ,  Alexander McKillop

IPC: C25B3/02 ,  B01J19/08 ,  C07B35/04 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C2/76 ,  C07C41/30 ,  C07C45/28 ,  C07C45/29 ,  C07C46/04 ,  C07C51/16 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C205/57 ,  C25B1/00 ,  C25B3/00

CPC classification number: C25B1/00 ,  C07B43/02 ,  C07C2/76 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C41/30 ,  C07C45/28 ,  C07C45/29 ,  C07C45/296 ,  C07C45/298 ,  C07C46/04 ,  C07C51/16

Abstract: A streamline flow of aqueous cobalt (II) sulphate solution passes through a platinum tube which, as an anode, electrolyses the solution to cobalt (III). The flow, with a high surface concentration of nascent cobalt (III), falls into a volume of 1-methylnaphthalene in an organic solvent, and is recovered from underneath for recycling to the platinum tube anode.The cobalt (III) reacts with the 1-methylnaphthalene to form 1-naphthaldehyde. Other oxidations of organic reactants using nascent high-oxidation-state aqueous metal ions are also disclosed.

Abstract translation: 硫酸钴水溶液的流线流动通过铂管，其作为阳极将溶液电解为钴（III）。 具有高新兴钴（III）表面浓度的流动在有机溶剂中下降至1-甲基萘体积，并从下面回收再循环至铂管阳极。 钴（III）与1-甲基萘反应形成1-萘甲醛。 还公开了使用新生高氧化态水性金属离子的有机反应物的其它氧化。

公开(公告)号：US4469893A

公开(公告)日：1984-09-04

申请号：US360533

申请日：1982-03-22

Applicant: David Y. Tang ,  Byron R. Cotter ,  Frederick J. Goetz

Inventor： David Y. Tang ,  Byron R. Cotter ,  Frederick J. Goetz

IPC: C07C17/093 ,  C07C201/12 ,  C07C205/38 ,  C07C205/59 ,  C07C76/02 ,  C07C79/35 ,  C07C79/36

CPC classification number: C07C201/12 ,  C07C17/093 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: Diphenyl esters of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydrogen, carboxy, carboxylate salt or ester, formyl, cyano, alkyl, alkoxy, chloro, bromo, or N, N-dialkyl amino, are prepared by reacting a chloro-fluoro-benzotrifluoride with a nitro-phenoxide of the formula ##STR2## where R is defined above, and M is a cation of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal.

Abstract translation: 其中R为氢，羧基，羧酸盐或酯，甲酰基，氰基，烷基，烷氧基，氯，溴或N，N-二烷基氨基的式“IMAGE”的二苯基酯是通过氯 - 氟 - 三氟甲苯 与上述定义的式“IMAGE”的硝基苯酚盐，M是碱金属或碱土金属的阳离子。

公开(公告)号：US4417080A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

申请号：US386857

申请日：1982-06-10

Applicant: David S. Ross ,  Robert M. Johnson, Jr. ,  Ripudaman Malhotra

Inventor： David S. Ross ,  Robert M. Johnson, Jr. ,  Ripudaman Malhotra

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C79/10

CPC classification number: C07C201/08

Abstract: Aromatic hydrocarbons are nitrated by reacting the aromatic hydrocarbon in a nitrogen tetroxide-containing liquid reaction medium, in the presence of a beta-dicarbonyl compound having a "W" configuration with a carbonyl group at each apex of the "W", such as a metal acetylacetonate, preferably at a pressure and temperature sufficient to maintain the nitrogen tetroxide in the liquid state. Addition of an inert organic co-solvent to the liquid nitrogen tetroxide for the metal acetylacetonate promoted nitration of benzene essentially eliminates the production of dinitrobenzenes.

Abstract translation: 在具有“W”构型的β-二羰基化合物与“W”的每个顶点具有羰基的存在下，通过使含四氧化二氮的液体反应介质中的芳族烃反应，使芳族烃硝化，例如 金属乙酰丙酮化物，优选在足以将氮氧化物保持在液态的压力和温度下。 向液态四氧化物中加入惰性有机助溶剂用于金属乙酰丙酮化物促进苯的硝化，基本上消除了二硝基苯的生成。