公开(公告)号：US06239866B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-29

申请号：US09348208

申请日：1999-07-08

Applicant: Jake Bromage ,  Ian Walmsley

Inventor： Jake Bromage ,  Ian Walmsley

IPC: G01C308

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: Dithered-edge sampling (DES) enables ultra-wideband measurement of terahertz pulses (far infrared electromagnetic pulses) using photoconductive antennas. The terahertz pulse is sampled by first passing it through a triggered photoconductive attenuator whose fast attenuation edge (limited only by the duration of the optical gating pulse) is dithered in time. A slow photoconductive receiver then measures the component of the terahertz electric field that is modulated at the dither frequency. The current through the photoconductive element constituting the receiver passes through a locking amplifier which may be operated at dither frequency. When used alone, the receiver blurs the measured terahertz pulse width. However, the increased time resolution provided by DES enables measurement of source-limited terahertz pulse widths. In addition, DES may be used to make direct measurements of a photoconductive receiver's temporal response.

Abstract translation: 抖动采样（DES）使用光电导天线实现太赫兹脉冲（远红外线电磁脉冲）的超宽带测量。 首先将太赫兹脉冲通过触发的光电导衰减器进行采样，其衰减衰减沿（光限制脉冲的持续时间仅受到限制）在时间上抖动。 慢光电接收器然后测量以抖动频率调制的太赫兹电场的分量。 通过构成接收器的光导元件的电流通过可以以抖动频率操作的锁定放大器。 当单独使用时，接收器会模糊测量的太赫兹脉冲宽度。 然而，由DES提供的增加的时间分辨率可以测量源极限制的太赫兹脉冲宽度。 此外，DES可用于对光电导体的时间响应进行直接测量。

公开(公告)号：US06236488B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-22

申请号：US09052072

申请日：1998-03-31

Applicant: Katsuhiro Shimizu ,  Takashi Mizuochi ,  Takeshi Komiya ,  Kiwami Matsushita ,  Tadayoshi Kitayama ,  Masatoshi Suzuki ,  Hidenori Taga ,  Shu Yamamoto ,  Noboru Edagawa ,  Itsuro Morita

Inventor： Katsuhiro Shimizu ,  Takashi Mizuochi ,  Takeshi Komiya ,  Kiwami Matsushita ,  Tadayoshi Kitayama ,  Masatoshi Suzuki ,  Hidenori Taga ,  Shu Yamamoto ,  Noboru Edagawa ,  Itsuro Morita

IPC: H04B1004

CPC classification number: G02F1/0327 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G02F2203/26 ,  H04J14/08

Abstract: Detection of an optical pulse position uses an optical pulse string with a determined repetitive ratio and an electric clock signal with a same frequency as the repetitive ratio of the optical pulse string. A phase of the electric clock signal oscillator is shifted and supplied to an optical modulator. The optical modulator modulates the optical pulse string based on the electric clock signal and outputs a modulated optical signal. A photo detector converts the modulated optical signal output from the optical modulator to an electric signal. The phase shift amount of the electric clock signal is controlled to maximize an output from the photo detector. Additionally, a dither signal may be used in the control of the phase shift, more than the optical modulator may be employed, and/or more than color light source may be employed. The use of at least one of feed forward and feedback control provided by maximizing an output of the photo detector allows an optical pulse having a short width to be realized.

Abstract translation: 光脉冲位置的检测使用具有确定的重复比率的光脉冲串和具有与光脉冲串的重复比相同频率的电时钟信号。 电时钟信号振荡器的相位移位并提供给光调制器。 光调制器基于电时钟信号调制光脉冲串，并输出调制光信号。 光检测器将从光调制器输出的调制光信号转换为电信号。 控制电时钟信号的相移量使光检测器的输出最大化。 另外，抖动信号可以用于相移的控制，可以采用多于光调制器，和/或多于彩色光源。 使用通过使光检测器的输出最大化而提供的前馈和反馈控制中的至少一个允许实现具有短宽度的光脉冲。

公开(公告)号：US6057919A

公开(公告)日：2000-05-02

申请号：US893647

申请日：1997-07-11

Applicant: Susumu Machida ,  Shudong Jiang ,  Yoshihisa Yamamoto

Inventor： Susumu Machida ,  Shudong Jiang ,  Yoshihisa Yamamoto

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G04F13/02 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G04F13/026 ,  G01J11/00

Abstract: In an optical pulse characteristic measuring apparatus, optical pulses to be measured are introduced at the incident end, and split at an beam splitter. A first resultant light beam is reflected by a mirror as a local oscillation light of homodyne detection and is adjusted in a delay element so as to have the same optical path length as that of the second resultant light beam. Subsequently, the first light beam is led to an optical mixer. The second light beam is reflected by a mirror, which is controlled by a signal from a signal generator for modulation of optical path length difference. The second light beam is then reflected by a delay element and is led to the optical mixer. The two light beams combined at the optical mixer are detected by optical detectors. The AC signal component generated by modulation of the optical path length difference is amplified up to a measurable voltage by a differential amplifier. A bandpass filter passes only the AC signal component generated by modulation of the optical path length difference, thereby improving the S-N ratio. By using an AC voltmeter to measure the AC signal component corresponding to the delay of the delay element for correlation length measurement, the auto-correlation signal can be obtained. Accordingly, it is possible to measure the characteristics of optical pulses with high sensitivity and high stability.

Abstract translation: 在光脉冲特性测量装置中，在入射端引入要测量的光脉冲，并在分束器处分开。 第一合成光束被反射镜作为零差检测的局部振荡光反射，并且在延迟元件中被调整为具有与第二合成光束相同的光程长度。 随后，将第一光束引导到光学混合器。 第二光束被反射镜反射，该反射镜由来自信号发生器的信号控制，用于调制光程长度差。 第二光束然后被延迟元件反射并被引导到光学混合器。 在光学混合器处组合的两个光束由光学检测器检测。 通过调制光程长度差产生的交流信号分量被差分放大器放大到可测量的电压。 带通滤波器仅通过由光程长度差的调制产生的AC信号分量，从而提高S-N比。 通过使用交流电压表来测量与相关长度测量的延迟元件的延迟对应的交流信号分量，可以获得自相关信号。 因此，可以测量具有高灵敏度和高稳定性的光脉冲的特性。

公开(公告)号：US6002706A

公开(公告)日：1999-12-14

申请号：US1231

申请日：1997-12-30

Applicant: Phillip Randall Staver ,  Farzin Homayoun Azad ,  Josef Robert Unternahrer

Inventor： Phillip Randall Staver ,  Farzin Homayoun Azad ,  Josef Robert Unternahrer

IPC: B23K26/42 ,  G01J11/00 ,  H01S3/08

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  B23K26/702

Abstract: A method of controlling the size of a laser beam comprises the steps of generating the laser beam with a laser, focusing the laser beam, directing the laser beam to a target, directing a portion of the laser beam to an optical detector which generates a signal representative of a fluence distribution of the laser beam, and adjusting a focal point of the laser beam based on the measured fluence distribution to control the size of the laser beam on the target. The method can be carried out with an apparatus which comprises a beam splitter which divides the laser beam into a first portion and a second portion, a lens which focuses the first portion of the laser beam for incidence on a target, a detector which receives the second portion of the laser beam and which generates a signal representative of a spatial energy distribution of the laser beam, a digitizer which digitizes the signal from the detector, a data analyzer which receives the digitized signal from the digitizer and which calculates a fluence distribution of the laser beam, and a lens controller for adjusting a position of the lens with respect to the target based on the fluence distribution.

Abstract translation: 控制激光束尺寸的方法包括以下步骤：用激光产生激光束，聚焦激光束，将激光束引导到目标，将激光束的一部分引导到产生信号的光学检测器 代表激光束的注量分布，以及基于所测量的通量分布来调整激光束的焦点，以控制激光束在靶上的尺寸。 该方法可以用包括将激光束分成第一部分和第二部分的分束器的装置进行，将聚焦激光束的第一部分以将其入射到目标上的透镜，接收 激光束的第二部分，并且其产生表示激光束的空间能量分布的信号，数字化仪，其将来自检测器的信号数字化;数据分析器，其从数字化仪接收数字化信号，并且计算数字化分布 激光束和用于基于注量分布来调整透镜相对于目标的位置的透镜控制器。

公开(公告)号：US5925877A

公开(公告)日：1999-07-20

申请号：US968530

申请日：1997-11-12

Applicant: Kazutaka Suzuki ,  Teruo Takeshita ,  Koro Uchiyama

Inventor： Kazutaka Suzuki ,  Teruo Takeshita ,  Koro Uchiyama

IPC: G01J1/42 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G04F13/02 ,  H01J40/14

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G04F13/026

Abstract: The pair of vertical deflection electrode plates 13 in the double sweeping streak camera are supplied with a voltage of a sawtooth wave in synchronization with the input optical beam pulses. The other pair of horizontal deflection electrode plates 14 are supplied with a voltage of a stepped wave in synchronization with the sawtooth wave. The deflection electrode plates 13 and 14 sweep successively-incident photoelectrons. The photoelectrons are then detected at the phosphor screen 16. The phosphor screen 16 is therefore recorded with temporal changes in the spatial pattern of the optical beam pulse as an image of regularly-arranged optical beam patterns. The image analyzing device can easily analyze the image.

Abstract translation: 在双扫扫条纹相机中的一对垂直偏转电极板13与输入的光束脉冲同步地被提供锯齿波的电压。 另一对水平偏转电极板14与锯齿波同步地被提供阶梯波的电压。 偏转电极板13和14扫描连续入射的光电子。 然后在荧光屏16处检测光电子。因此，荧光屏16随着光束脉冲的空间图形的时间变化被记录为规则排列的光束图案的图像。 图像分析装置可以容易地分析图像。

公开(公告)号：US5754292A

公开(公告)日：1998-05-19

申请号：US966644

申请日：1992-10-26

Applicant: Daniel J. Kane ,  Rick P. Trebino

Inventor： Daniel J. Kane ,  Rick P. Trebino

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: The pulse shape I(t) and phase evolution x(t) of ultrashort light pulses are obtained using an instantaneously responding nonlinear optical medium to form a signal pulse. A light pulse, such a laser pulse, is split into a gate pulse and a probe pulse, where the gate pulse is delayed relative to the probe pulse. The gate pulse and the probe pulse are combined within an instantaneously responding optical medium to form a signal pulse functionally related to a temporal slice of the gate pulse corresponding to the time delay of the probe pulse. The signal pulse is then input to a wavelength-selective device to output pulse field information comprising intensity vs. frequency for a first value of the time delay. The time delay is varied over a range of values effective to yield an intensity plot of signal intensity vs. wavelength and delay. In one embodiment, the beams are overlapped at an angle so that a selected range of delay times is within the intersection to produce a simultaneous output over the time delays of interest.

Abstract translation: 使用瞬时响应的非线性光学介质获得超短脉冲的脉冲形状I（t）和相位演变x（t），以形成信号脉冲。 光脉冲（例如激光脉冲）被分成门脉冲和探针脉冲，其中门脉冲相对于探针脉冲被延迟。 门脉冲和探针脉冲在瞬时响应的光学介质中组合以形成与对应于探针脉冲的时间延迟的门脉冲的时间片段功能相关的信号脉冲。 然后将信号脉冲输入到波长选择装置，以输出包括时间延迟的第一值的强度对频率的脉冲场信息。 时间延迟在有效产生信号强度对波长和延迟的强度图的值的范围内变化。 在一个实施例中，光束以一定角度重叠，使得延迟时间的选定范围在交叉点内，以产生在感兴趣的时间延迟上的同时输出。

公开(公告)号：US5359410A

公开(公告)日：1994-10-25

申请号：US848890

申请日：1992-03-10

Applicant: Jean-Claude Diels ,  Ming Lai

Inventor： Jean-Claude Diels ,  Ming Lai

IPC: G01J11/00 ,  G01B9/02

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: The present invention provides an arrangement for analyzing or reconstructing incoming pulses of electromagnetic energy in which there is detected (a) the spectral amplitude of at least one pulse and (b) the phase shifts of portions of the pulse with respect to a non-phase shifted portion, and applying an inverse Fourier transform to the detected energy thereby producing the temporal profile of the pulse.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供一种用于分析或重建电磁能量的输入脉冲的装置，其中检测到（a）至少一个脉冲的光谱振幅，和（b）脉冲部分相对于非相位的相移 并且对检测到的能量应用逆傅里叶变换，从而产生脉冲的时间分布。

公开(公告)号：US5144374A

公开(公告)日：1992-09-01

申请号：US684041

申请日：1991-04-11

Applicant: Giorgio Grego

Inventor： Giorgio Grego

IPC: G01J3/12 ,  G01J3/00 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/28 ,  G01J3/44 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01N21/27 ,  G01N21/65

CPC classification number: G01J3/44 ,  G01J3/02 ,  G01J3/0218 ,  G01M11/338 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G01J2003/1265 ,  G01J3/1256 ,  G01J3/2803 ,  G01J3/2889

Abstract: An optical spectroscopy system, wherein a pulse of a radiation to be analyzed is sent to a diffractive element presenting high temporal chromatic dispersion, and information relevant to the radiation spectrum is obtained from pulse broadening in the time domain.

公开(公告)号：US5050988A

公开(公告)日：1991-09-24

申请号：US498167

申请日：1990-03-23

Applicant: Tadashi Sugiyama ,  Akira Ohte

Inventor： Tadashi Sugiyama ,  Akira Ohte

IPC: G01J11/00

CPC classification number: G01J11/00

Abstract: A device for measuring ultra-high speed phenomenon by using an optical beam. The ultra-high speed phenomenon can be measured at a high S/N ratio by composing either an object light or a reflected light from an object and a reference light using a polarizer, by generating a secondary higher harmonic from the composed light using a non-linear optical material, and by measuring the optical intensity of the secondary higher harmonic using a light receiving element.

Abstract translation: 用于通过使用光束测量超高速现象的装置。 可以通过使用偏振器组合物体光或物体的反射光和使用偏振器的参考光来以高S / N比来测量超高速现象，通过使用非偏振光从组合光产生二次高次谐波 并且通过使用光接收元件测量二次高次谐波的光强度。

公开(公告)号：US4994663A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-19

申请号：US355608

申请日：1989-05-23

Applicant: Shinichiro Aoshima ,  Tsuneyuki Urakami ,  Yutaka Tsuchiya

Inventor： Shinichiro Aoshima ,  Tsuneyuki Urakami ,  Yutaka Tsuchiya

IPC: G02F3/00 ,  G01J1/00 ,  G01J11/00 ,  G06E3/00

CPC classification number: G01J11/00 ,  G06E3/005

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring an autocorrelation wavaeform of intensity of input light comprises a beam splitting means for dividing the input light into two light beams, a photoelectric converter for converting one of the divided beams into an electrical signal, an optical modulating means for modulating the other light beam in accordance with the electrical signal, a delay means for varying a relative delay time between arrival times to the optical modulating means of the light beam and the electrical signal, and a photodetector having a response speed faster than that of the delay time variation for detecting output light from the optical modulating means.