Abstract:
An optical sensor for sensing information relating to an analyte liquid or gas, has a a planar substrate having a refractive index nc. The planar substrate supports a ridge waveguide having an unclad top portion having a refractive index nr. The substrate serves as cladding layer for the ridge waveguide at a location where the ridge waveguide contacts the substrate. A Bragg grating inscribed in the ridge waveguide has two modes for providing information relating to both temperature and refractive index of the surrounding analyte liquid or gas. A cladding mode has a different response to the analyte when compared to a Bragg resonance response. Both modes have a same reaction to temperature, wherein said Bragg grating is formed within the unclad region of ridge waveguide, wherein nc
Abstract:
The invention relates to an optical waveguide device for monitoring a characteristics of light, e.g. a wavelength. The device incorporates a waveguide, such as an optical fiber, with an embedded tilted Bragg grating operating in a regime of wavelength detuning. The grating is designed to disperse light azimuthally in two or more different directions about the fiber axis, said directions changing with wavelength. A photodetector array is provided for detecting the azimuthal distribution of light. A processor coupled to the photodetector array determines wavelength information from the detected azimuthal distribution of the out-coupled light.
Abstract:
A retro-reflective sensor for sensing mechanical, chemical or temperature related information, is disclosed. The sensor is formed of an optical waveguide suitable for use in-situ in a high temperature environment having a Bragg grating written into a core region thereof with short-pulsed electromagnetic radiation, said optical waveguide having a glass transition temperature substantially higher than that of silica. Preferably the sensor is written into a length of sapphire fiber or within a zirconium waveguide. Preferably the pulse duration of the short pulsed electromagnetic radiation is less than 500 picoseconds.
Abstract:
An optical sensor for sensing information relating to an analyte liquid or gas, has a a planar substrate having a refractive index nc. The planar substrate supports a ridge waveguide having an unclad top portion having a refractive index nr. The substrate serves as cladding layer for the ridge waveguide at a location where the ridge waveguide contacts the substrate. A Bragg grating inscribed in the ridge waveguide has two modes for providing information relating to both temperature and refractive index of the surrounding analyte liquid or gas. A cladding mode has a different response to the analyte when compared to a Bragg resonance response. Both modes have a same reaction to temperature, wherein said Bragg grating is formed within the unclad region of ridge waveguide, wherein nc.
Abstract:
A method of inducing birefringence in an optical waveguide is disclosed wherein the waveguide cladding is irradiated with energy of a sufficient intensity so as to induce a stress in the optical waveguide so as to cause a multitude of spaced stress induced regions within the cladding of the optical waveguide such that there are 10 to 5000 spaced regions per mm and wherein the stress induced regions are proximate the core greater than 2 microns distance from the core-cladding interface. This waveguide has numerous uses, for example a fiber sensor.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an optical waveguide device for monitoring a characteristics of light, e.g. a wavelength. The device incorporates a waveguide, such as an optical fiber, with an embedded tilted Bragg grating operating in a regime of wavelength detuning. The grating is designed to disperse light azimuthally in two or more different directions about the fiber axis, said directions changing with wavelength. A photodetector array is provided for detecting the azimuthal distribution of light. A processor coupled to the photodetector array determines wavelength information from the detected azimuthal distribution of the out-coupled light.
Abstract:
A novel method and apparatus for varying the index of refraction of a material using an interference pattern is disclosed. The method and apparatus incorporate an ultra short duration pulse laser source. Electromagnetic radiation provided from the laser propagates to a diffractive element positioned in close proximity to the target material. The diffracted electromagnetic radiation forms an interference pattern, the peaks of which are sufficiently intense to cause a change in index of refraction.
Abstract:
An optical fiber recoating apparatus employs a variable size applicator for depositing a coating material in liquid form onto a portion of varying diameter optical fiber. The coating material is applied to the variable size applicator which is in continuous contact about the circumference of the optical fiber. At a constant speed the variable size applicator moves along the length of the optical fiber while simultaneously changing size to conform to the varying diameter of the optical fiber for applying a uniform coating thereto.
Abstract:
A method of increasing the refractive index in a photosensitive glass is disclosed so as to induce an refractive index change of at least 10−5 within a region of the glass. The method includes the step of providing a hydrogen or deuterium loaded doped glass material wherein a dopant within the glass is photosensitive to infrared radiation in the presence of hydrogen or deuterium. The hydrogen or deuterium loaded doped glass is subsequently irradiated with femtosecond pulses of infrared light having an intensity of at least 109 W/cm2 and less than 5×1013 W/cm2.
Abstract translation:公开了增加感光玻璃中的折射率的方法,以便在玻璃的区域内引起至少10 -5的折射率变化。 该方法包括提供氢或氘负载的掺杂玻璃材料的步骤,其中玻璃内的掺杂剂在氢或氘的存在下对红外辐射感光。 随后用强度为至少10×10 2 / cm 2以上且小于5×10 13的红外光的飞秒脉冲照射加载氢或氘的掺杂玻璃 W / cm 2 SUP>。
Abstract:
FIG. 1 is a front and bottom perspective view of a pet shoe, showing my new design; FIG. 2 is a rear and top perspective view thereof; FIG. 3 is a front elevation view thereof; FIG. 4 is a rear elevation view thereof; FIG. 5 is a left side elevation view thereof; FIG. 6 is a right side elevation view thereof; FIG. 7 is a top plan view thereof; and, FIG. 8 is a bottom plan view thereof. The broken lines in the figures illustrate portions of the pet shoe that form no part of the claimed design.