Abstract:
A frequency resource operating apparatus and method for transmitting and receiving data at a different hopping pattern speed according to a CSI in a BWA communication system are provided. In a method of transmitting and receiving data using CSI in a mobile communication system, a BS sets the CSI of an MS to an initial CSI and sends data to the MS according to the initial CSI. The MS sends a downlink CSI to the BS. The BS groups the MS based on the downlink CSI and sends data to the MS according to a hopping pattern for the group of the MS among hopping patterns preset for predetermined groups.
Abstract:
In some embodiments, a system for detecting the presence of a contaminant on a surface includes an infrared light source configured to shine infrared light on the surface, an infrared light detector configured to detect infrared light reflected from the surface, and a computing device configured to receive an infrared reflectance signal from the infrared light detector and detect the presence of the contaminant from a feature in the reflectance signal.