公开(公告)号：US08396319B2

公开(公告)日：2013-03-12

申请号：US12373969

申请日：2007-07-17

Applicant: Edward N. Pugh, Jr. ,  Nader Engheta ,  Shih-Schon Lin ,  Konstantin Yemelyanov

Inventor： Edward N. Pugh, Jr. ,  Nader Engheta ,  Shih-Schon Lin ,  Konstantin Yemelyanov

IPC: G06K9/40 ,  H04N5/202

CPC classification number: G06K9/2036 ,  G06K9/3241 ,  G06K2209/21 ,  G06T5/009 ,  G06T5/50

Abstract: Shadow is an inseparable aspect of all natural scenes. When there are multiple light sources or multiple reflections several different shadows may overlap at the same location and create complicated patterns. Shadows are a potentially good source of information about a scene if the shadow regions can be properly identified and segmented. However, shadow region identification and segmentation is a difficult task and improperly identified shadows often interfere with machine vision tasks like object recognition and tracking. A shadow separation and contrast enhancement method based on the polarization of light is provided. Polarization information of scenes is captured by a polarization-sensitive camera and the scenes are processed to effectively separate shadows from different light sources.

Abstract translation: 阴影是所有自然场景的不可分割的一面。 当有多个光源或多个反射时，几个不同的阴影可能会在同一位置重叠，并产生复杂的图案。 如果阴影区域可以正确识别和分割，阴影是有关场景的潜在的良好信息来源。 然而，阴影区域识别和分割是一项艰巨的任务，不正确识别的阴影通常会干扰机器视觉任务，如物体识别和跟踪。 提供了基于光的偏振的阴影分离和对比度增强方法。 场景的极化信息由偏振敏感摄像机拍摄，并且处理场景以有效地分离来自不同光源的阴影。

公开(公告)号：US08116009B2

公开(公告)日：2012-02-14

申请号：US12300948

申请日：2007-05-16

Applicant: Nader Engheta ,  Alessandro Salandrino ,  Brian Edwards

Inventor： Nader Engheta ,  Alessandro Salandrino ,  Brian Edwards

IPC: G02B3/00 ,  G02B5/18

CPC classification number: G02B27/58 ,  B82Y15/00 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B1/007 ,  G02B3/00 ,  G02B2207/101 ,  Y10S359/90

Abstract: Far-field sub-diffraction optical lenses “FaSDOLs” comprise an anisotropic crystal having special dispersion characteristics such that it supports diffraction free propagation. An image with subwavelength features on the input surface is transferred through a propagation function to the output surface with effectively no, or minimal, loss in information. These special properties may be exploited in several ways, including but not limited to, magnification of an image at the input surface through the use an oblique cut at the output surface, magnification of an image at the input surface through use of a curved crystalline structure, and more generally near-field optical processing.

Abstract translation: 远场次级衍射光学透镜“FaSDOL”包括具有特殊色散特性的各向异性晶体，以支持衍射自由传播。 在输入表面上具有亚波长特征的图像通过传播函数传递到输出表面，有效地没有或最小的信息损失。 这些特殊性质可以以多种方式被利用，包括但不限于通过在输出表面使用倾斜切口在输入表面放大图像，通过使用弯曲晶体结构放大输入表面处的图像 ，和更一般的近场光学处理。

公开(公告)号：US20110181957A1

公开(公告)日：2011-07-28

申请号：US13079339

申请日：2011-04-04

Applicant: Hideo IIZUKA ,  Nader ENGHETA ,  Hisayoshi FUJIKAWA

Inventor： Hideo IIZUKA ,  Nader ENGHETA ,  Hisayoshi FUJIKAWA

IPC: G02B5/18

CPC classification number: G02B26/02 ,  G02B26/0808

Abstract: A light switch (or valve) made up of two mutually inverted, substantially identical diffraction gratings with a liquid medium therebetween, arranged to allow the grating substrates to be shifted laterally relative to one another so as to align and mis-align the grating elements. When aligned, incident-polarized light passes through the switch and when misaligned, light does not pass through the switch but is reflected.

Abstract translation: 由两个相互反转的，基本相同的衍射光栅组成的光开关（或阀），其间具有液体介质，布置成允许光栅基板相对于彼此横向移位，以便对准和错误对准光栅元件。 当对准时，入射偏振光通过开关，并且当未对准时，光不通过开关而被反射。

公开(公告)号：US20080289965A1

公开(公告)日：2008-11-27

申请号：US12158365

申请日：2006-12-21

Applicant: Nader Engheta ,  Brian Edwards

Inventor： Nader Engheta ,  Brian Edwards

IPC: G01N27/26 ,  G01N27/00

CPC classification number: B03C5/026 ,  B03C5/005 ,  G01N3/40

Abstract: The present invention is directed to the use of dielectrophoretic forces for the arbitrary manipulation of micrometer- and nanometer-sized particles and to devices capable of arbitrarily manipulating micrometer- and nanometer-sized particles by means of dielectrophoretic forces within a two- or three-dimensional region. The devices and methods of the invention are capable of arbitrarily controlling the velocities, locations, and forces applied to a particle, arbitrarily specifying a force or set of forces at a location in space, and determining friction and/or drag coefficients of a particle, and are thus well-suited for a range of applications including cell sorting, drug delivery, as a diagnostic tool for determining membrane stiffness, and in the heterogeneous integration of micro- and nano-components through directed assembly.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及使用介电电泳力来任意操纵微米级和纳米尺寸的颗粒，以及能够通过二维或三维内介电泳力任意操纵微米级和纳米级颗粒的装置 地区。 本发明的装置和方法能够任意地控制施加到颗粒的速度，位置和力，任意地指定在空间中的位置处的力或一组力，并且确定颗粒的摩擦和/或阻力系数， 并且因此非常适合于一系列应用，包括细胞分选，药物递送，用作确定膜刚度的诊断工具，以及通过有向组装的微组件和纳米组件的非均匀整合。

公开(公告)号：US20080212920A1

公开(公告)日：2008-09-04

申请号：US11629746

申请日：2005-06-20

Applicant: Nader Engheta ,  Alessandro Salandrino ,  Andrea Alu

Inventor： Nader Engheta ,  Alessandro Salandrino ,  Andrea Alu

IPC: G02B6/12

CPC classification number: B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/1226

Abstract: Circuits and circuit elements adapted to function at optical or infrared frequencies are made from plasmonic and/or nonplasmonic particles disposed on a substrate, where the plasmonic and nonplasmonic particles have respective dimensions substantially smaller than a wavelength of an applied optical or infrared signal. Such particles are deposited on a substrate in a variety of shapes and sizes from a variety of plasmonic and/or nonplasmonic materials so as to form resistors, capacitors, inductors and circuits made from combinations of these elements.

Abstract translation: 适用于光学或红外频率的电路和电路元件由等离子体激发和/或非等离子体颗粒制成，其中等离子体激元和非等离子体颗粒的尺寸基本上小于施加的光学或红外信号的波长。 这样的颗粒以各种等离子体和/或非等离子体材料沉积在各种形状和尺寸的衬底上，以便形成由这些元件的组合制成的电阻器，电容器，电感器和电路。

公开(公告)号：US20070241267A1

公开(公告)日：2007-10-18

申请号：US11406993

申请日：2006-04-18

Applicant: Viktor Gruev ,  Jan Van der Spiegel ,  Nader Engheta

Inventor： Viktor Gruev ,  Jan Van der Spiegel ,  Nader Engheta

IPC: H01J40/14 ,  G02F1/01

CPC classification number: G01J4/04

Abstract: A polarimetric imaging system employs a pixel pitch matched filter for use within, for example, a 2 by 2 pixel neighborhood, in which one pixel samples the scene via a 0 degree polarization filter and a second pixel samples the scene via a 45 degree polarization filter. The remaining two pixels record the intensity of the light within the 2 by 2 neighborhoods. The polarization filters employ organic materials such as polymers or metallic materials that are patterned and etched using reactive ion etching (RIE) or other appropriate etching technique in order to create 14 micron or smaller circular (or square) periodic structures that are patterned into polarization thin films that are deposited on an imaging sensor that includes a processor that computes from the polarization-filtered inputs the first three Stokes parameters in real-time.

Abstract translation: 偏振成像系统采用像素间距匹配滤波器在例如2×2像素邻域内使用，其中一个像素通过0度偏振滤波器对场景进行采样，而第二像素通过45度偏振滤波器对场景进行采样 。 剩下的两个像素记录2到2个邻域内的光的强度。 偏振滤光器使用有机材料，例如聚合物或金属材料，其使用反应离子蚀刻（RIE）或其他合适的蚀刻技术进行图案化和蚀刻，以便产生14微米或更小的圆形（或正方形）周期性结构，其被图案化为偏振薄 沉积在成像传感器上的胶片包括一个处理器，该处理器实时地从偏振滤波的输入端计算前三个斯托克斯参数。

公开(公告)号：US5975702A

公开(公告)日：1999-11-02

申请号：US617539

申请日：1996-03-15

Applicant: Edward N. Pugh, Jr. ,  Nader Engheta ,  Manoel P. Rowe ,  J. Scott Tyo

Inventor： Edward N. Pugh, Jr. ,  Nader Engheta ,  Manoel P. Rowe ,  J. Scott Tyo

IPC: G02B27/28 ,  A61B3/00 ,  A61B3/02

CPC classification number: G02B27/28

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a system, which uses polarized light difference to improve vision. The system obtains an image at a first polarization direction. The system then obtains an image at a second orthogonal polarization direction. The second orthogonal polarization value is subtracted from the first value. The difference value is then amplified in order to provide an enhanced image.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及使用偏振光差来改善视力的系统。 该系统获得第一偏振方向的图像。 然后，系统在第二正交偏振方向获得图像。 从第一值减去第二正交极化值。 然后对差值进行放大，以便提供增强的图像。

公开(公告)号：US5063391A

公开(公告)日：1991-11-05

申请号：US362072

申请日：1989-06-06

Applicant: Dwight L. Jaggard ,  Nader Engheta

Inventor： Dwight L. Jaggard ,  Nader Engheta

IPC: G01R27/26

CPC classification number: G01R27/26

Abstract: Methods of measuring chiral parameters of chiral materials with chiral antennas are provided. These methods involve the use of parallel electric and magnetic dipoles to construct a point sensor in conjunction with the use of a turnstyle antenna as a source. By exciting the chiral medium with the turnstyle antenna, both the absolute degree of chirality and the handedness of the chiral medium can be measured by varying the output currents of the point sensor until a null is achieved. This condition indictes that the ratio p/m, where p is the magnitude of the electric dipole moment and m is the magnitude of the magnetic dipole moment, of the point sensor is .+-.i/v.sub.c. From this relation and knowledge of the relation of permittivity and permeability, the absolute value of the chiral admittance and the chirality factor of the medium can also be found.

Abstract translation: 提供了用手性天线测量手性材料的手性参数的方法。 这些方法涉及使用平行的电和磁偶极子来构造点传感器，结合使用旋转天线作为源。 通过用旋转天线激发手性介质，可以通过改变点传感器的输出电流直到达到空值来测量手性介质的手性绝对程度和手性。 这个条件表明，点传感器的比例为p / m，其中p为电偶极矩的大小，m为磁偶极矩的大小，为+/- i / vc。 从这种关系和介电常数与渗透率关系的知识来看，也可以发现介质的手性导纳和手性因子的绝对值。

公开(公告)号：US20140144506A1

公开(公告)日：2014-05-29

申请号：US14169656

申请日：2014-01-31

Applicant: Hideo Iizuka ,  Nader Engheta ,  Yasuhiko Takeda

Inventor： Hideo Iizuka ,  Nader Engheta ,  Yasuhiko Takeda

IPC: G02B5/18 ,  H01L31/052

CPC classification number: G02B5/1833 ,  G02B5/18 ,  G02B5/1857 ,  H01L31/02168 ,  H01L31/0236 ,  H01L31/056 ,  Y02E10/52

Abstract: A grating structure and a solar cell assembly. In one aspect, the grating structure suppresses the zero order transmission to near 0%. In another aspect, the solar cell assembly has improved absorption due to coupling with a grating structure.

Abstract translation: 光栅结构和太阳能电池组件。 在一个方面，光栅结构将零阶透射抑制到接近0％。 在另一方面，太阳能电池组件由于与光栅结构的耦合而具有改善的吸收。

公开(公告)号：US08467643B2

公开(公告)日：2013-06-18

申请号：US12855844

申请日：2010-08-13

Applicant: Hideo Iizuka ,  Nader Engheta

Inventor： Hideo Iizuka ,  Nader Engheta

IPC: G02B5/18 ,  G02B6/34

CPC classification number: G02B5/1819 ,  G02B5/1814 ,  G02B5/1866 ,  G02B6/124 ,  G02B6/34 ,  G02B27/0101 ,  G02B27/1086

Abstract: Optical devices using double-groove diffraction gratings having periodic sets of TiO2 elements on one or more surfaces of an SiO2 substrate are disclosed. First order components of incident polarized light coupled into the substrate are reflected so as to propagate through the substrate to terminus points where they either change direction for further propagation or exit the substrate. A windshield display system using the principles of the invention is disclosed.

Abstract translation: 公开了在SiO 2衬底的一个或多个表面上使用具有周期性的TiO 2元素组的双槽衍射光栅的光学器件。 耦合到衬底中的入射偏振光的一阶分量被反射，以便通过衬底传播到终点，在那里它们改变方向以进一步传播或离开衬底。 公开了使用本发明原理的挡风玻璃显示系统。