Abstract:
A base plate assembly for an electrochemical cell stack includes a bottom end plate defining a fuel inlet port, a fuel outlet port, and an oxidant port. The base plate assembly further includes a high strength sealing plate including openings that align with the fuel inlet port, the fuel outlet port, and the oxidant port, and a plurality of tubes located between the bottom end plate and the high strength sealing plate. The tubes are configured to yield to reduce transfer of mechanical stress from the high strength sealing plate to the bottom end plate.
Abstract:
An electrochemical cell unit comprises a first electrochemical cell comprising a first oxidant electrode and a first fuel electrode, and a second electrochemical cell comprising a second oxidant electrode and a second fuel electrode. An interconnect interposed between the first electrochemical cell and the second electrochemical cell. The interconnect comprises an interconnect main body defining a longitudinal channel along a longitudinal axis thereof. The interconnect main body includes a plurality of corrugations defining a plurality of fuel channels on a first surface of the interconnect main body facing the first electrochemical cell, and a plurality of oxidant channels on a second surface of the interconnect main body facing the second electrochemical cell. Each of the plurality of fuel channels and the plurality of oxidant channel positioned around the longitudinal channel.
Abstract:
A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell module having an inlet and an outlet. The fuel cell module receives a fuel stream including gaseous fuel and expels a depleted fuel stream. The system also includes an exhaust processing module disposed relative to the fuel cell module such that waste heat from the fuel cell module is usable by the exhaust processing module. The system is configured to direct a first portion of the depleted fuel stream to the exhaust processing module, where the depleted fuel stream includes depleted fuel and at least one gaseous byproduct including oxygen and carbon dioxide. The exhaust processing module subjects the first portion of the depleted fuel stream to co-electrolysis using the waste heat from the fuel cell module to produce a fuel-enriched stream. The system is configured to direct the fuel-enriched stream to the inlet of the fuel cell module.
Abstract:
A solid oxide fuel cell having a plurality of planar layered fuel cell units, an electrically conductive flow separator plate disposed between each of the fuel cell units, and a cathode contact material element disposed between each cathode electrode of the fuel cell units and each electrically conductive flow separator plate. The cathodes of the individual fuel cell units are modified such that the operating temperatures of the cathodes are matched with the temperatures they experience based upon their locations in the fuel cell stack. The modification involves adding to the cathode contact material and/or cathode at least one alloying agent which modifies the temperature of the cathode electrodes based upon the location of the cathode electrodes within the fuel cell stack. These alloying agents react with a component of the cathode electrode to form alloys.
Abstract:
A method of operating a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) system at partial load, the SOEC system including a plurality of branches each including at least one SOEC stack, includes determining a thermally neutral target voltage and cycling an ON phase and an OFF phase for each of the branches such that the SOEC system operates at an average operating power equal to a chosen percentage of the operating power at the thermally neutral target voltage. In the ON phase, the SOEC stacks in a given branch operate at the thermally neutral target voltage, and in the OFF phase, the SOEC stacks in the given branch are unloaded to an open circuit voltage and operate at 0% of rated power. The frequency of OFF phases for each branch is determined such that stronger or healthier branches have a lower frequency of OFF cycles than weaker or less healthy branches.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing a proton-conducting fuel cell includes assembling a green anode-electrolyte half-cell by forming an anode substrate layer having an upper surface and a lower surface, forming an anode functional layer on the upper surface of the anode substrate layer, forming an electrolyte layer on an upper surface of the anode functional layer, and forming a stress balancing layer on the lower surface of the anode substrate layer. The method further includes positioning the green anode-electrolyte half-cell on kiln furniture inside a sintering kiln and sintering the green anode-electrolyte half-cell using SSRS to an anode-electrolyte half-cell.
Abstract:
The present technology is directed to a solid oxide cell that may be used as a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolyser cell. The solid oxide cell is configured to avoid deformation caused by differential shrinking via incorporation of an oxygen barrier layer which mitigates the damage caused by the introduction of an oxidizing environment in the anode cavity during the operation of the solid oxide cell as a solid oxide fuel cell.
Abstract:
A solid oxide cell includes a porous solid cathode layer including a first cathode surface and a second cathode surface; a solid electrolyte layer including a first electrolyte surface and a second electrolyte surface, with the first electrolyte surface disposed toward the second cathode surface; a porous cermet anode functional layer (AFL) including a first AFL surface and a second AFL surface, the first AFL surface contacting the second electrolyte surface; a porous cermet anode substrate (AS) including a first AS surface and a second AS surface, the first AS surface contacting the second AFL surface; and a porous cermet oxidation barrier layer (OBL) including a first OBL surface and a second OBL surface, the first OBL surface contacting the second AS surface.
Abstract:
A method of operating a solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) system at partial load, where the SOEC system includes a plurality of branches electrically connected in parallel, and each branch includes at least one SOEC stack. The method includes determining a thermally neutral target voltage below which operation is endothermic and above which operation is exothermic; and executing pulse width modulation current control by cycling an ON phase and an OFF phase for each branch such that the SOEC system operates at an average operating power equal to a chosen percentage of the operating power at the thermally neutral target voltage. In the ON phase, all of the SOEC stacks in a branch operate at the thermally neutral target voltage, and in the OFF phase, all of the SOEC stacks in the branch operate at 0% power. Each branch is configured to be operated independently of the other branches.
Abstract:
A solid oxide fuel cell system includes a first fuel cell stack including a first anode section and a first cathode section. The first anode section is configured to receive an input stream including fuel, and to output a first output stream including residual fuel and water. A second fuel cell stack includes a second anode section and a second cathode section. The second anode section is configured to receive a mixed stream and to output a second output stream including residual fuel and water. Each of the first and second cathode section is configured to receive inlet air and to output exhaust air. A separating junction is configured to receive and separate the second output stream into a recycle stream and an exhaust stream. A combining junction is configured to receive the first output stream and the recycle stream, and to combine these streams to output the mixed stream.