Abstract:
Methods of forming a glass tube are described. In one embodiment, the method includes heating a glass boule to a temperature above a glass transition temperature of the glass boule, drawing the glass tube from the glass boule in a vertically downward direction, and flowing a pressurized gas through a channel of the glass boule as the glass tube is drawn. The glass boule includes an outer surface defining an outer diameter of the glass boule and a channel extending through the glass boule defining an inner diameter of the glass boule. Drawing the glass tube decreases the outer diameter of the glass boule to an outer diameter of the glass tube and flowing the pressurized gas through the channel increases the inner diameter of the glass boule to an inner diameter of the glass tube. Glass boules, glass tubes, and apparatuses for making the same are also described.
Abstract:
An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.
Abstract:
Embodiments described herein are directed to compositions, systems, and processes for strengthening glass articles, which also minimize the concentration of decomposition products in the molten salt baths used in ion exchange processes to extend salt bath life and maintain the chemical durability of strengthened glass articles over time. The salt bath compositions may generally include from 90 wt. % to 99.9 wt. % of one or more alkali or metal salts and from 0.1 wt. % to 10 wt. % of silicic acid aggregates based on the total weight of the salt bath composition.
Abstract:
An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.
Abstract:
An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.
Abstract:
An ion exchange tank is provided. The ion exchange tank includes a processing chamber and an additive chamber separated by a weir system, the weir system having a flow channel fluidly connecting the processing chamber to the additive chamber, wherein the flow is divided from the additive chamber by a first partition and divided from the processing chamber by a second partition, wherein the additive chamber comprises a solids-absorbing material disposed therein.
Abstract:
A method of performing an ion exchange process by immersing a glass sheet into a salt bath at a first temperature for a first period of time such that ions within the glass sheet proximate to a surface thereof are exchanged for larger ions from the salt bath, thereby producing a compressive stress (CS) at the surface of the glass sheet, a depth of compressive layer (DOL) into the glass sheet, and a central tension (CT) within the glass sheet. The ion exchange process can be driven using electricity to reduce the first temperature and first period of time to a second temperature and second period of time, respectively.