公开(公告)号：US4365974A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-28

申请号：US182314

申请日：1980-08-28

Applicant: Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Ted M. Poulin

Inventor： Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Ted M. Poulin

IPC: C10F7/00 ,  C10J3/00

CPC classification number: C10F7/00 ,  Y10S435/813

Abstract: Methane is produced from peat by solubilizing the phenolic polymers therein, and oxidizing the solute to produce short chain molecules. The short chain molecules are fermented to produce a gas that this scrubbed to remove CO.sub.2 to produce methane. Solubilizing takes place in a vertically oriented pressurized vessel that is circular in cross-section and divided into a number of regular vertically elongated compartments, each comprising a circular sector in cross-section, and extending the majority the height of the vessel. Slurried peat is fed into the top of one compartment while another compartment is being emptied from the bottom, the compartment being filled or emptied being progressively changed in response to rotation of a central shaft in the vessel. Oxidation of solubilized peat takes place in a structure that transports the solubilized peat in a substantially vertical wave path from an inlet to an outlet with oxygen being introduced at the bottoms of segments of the wave path, and CO.sub.2 being withdrawn from the tops of segments of the wave path while the solubilized peat is maintained at a pressure above atmospheric. Coolant is circulated around the wave path to remove the exothermic heat of reaction, and the coolant is flashed into steam used elsewhere in the process.

Abstract translation: 甲烷由泥炭生成，通过溶解酚醛聚合物，氧化溶质产生短链分子。 短链分子被发酵以产生气体，其被擦洗以除去CO 2以产生甲烷。 溶解在垂直取向的加压容器中进行，该加压容器的横截面为圆形，并分成多个规则的垂直细长的隔室，每个隔室包括横截面的圆形扇形部分，并延伸容器的大部分高度。 泥浆泥浆被送入一个隔间的顶部，而另一个隔室从底部排空，被填充或排空的隔室响应于容器中的中心轴的旋转而逐渐变化。 溶解的泥炭的氧化发生在将溶解的泥炭在从入口到出口的基本上垂直的波道中输送的结构中，氧气被引入波浪段的段的底部，并且CO 2从 当溶解的泥炭保持在高于大气压的压力下的波道。 冷却剂在波纹路径周围循环，以消除反应的放热反应，并且将冷却剂闪蒸成该过程中其他地方使用的蒸汽。

公开(公告)号：US4514910A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-07

申请号：US468675

申请日：1983-02-22

Applicant: Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk

Inventor： Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk

IPC: C10F5/00 ,  F26B3/00

CPC classification number: C10F5/00

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for the dehydration of low rank coal, such as lignite. The coal is formed into particles having a size of less than about 4 inches, is subjected to atmospheric steaming, and then preheating with steam at a pressure of about 20-100 psig. The particles are then entrained in liquid and fed to a high pressure feeder at which they are transferred to a high pressure circulation loop, at a pressure of between about 300-1500 psig. The particles and liquid are fed to a liquid/particles separator at the top of a vertical dehydrating vessel, and the particles at the top of the vessel are contacted by saturated steam. Condensed steam and particles flow downwardly in the dehydration vessel, and are subjected to a counter-current wash at the bottom of the vessel. A slurry of liquid and particles discharged from the bottom of the dehydration vessel has the pressure thereof gradually reduced in a second high pressure feeder, and is transferred to a low pressure loop at a pressure of between about 20-100 psig. The liquid and particles are separated, and then the particles are subjected to evaporative cooling.

Abstract translation: 提供了低等级煤如褐煤脱水的方法和装置。 煤形成尺寸小于约4英寸的颗粒，经受大气蒸汽，然后在约20-100psig的压力下用蒸汽预热。 然后将颗粒夹带在液体中并进料到高压进料器，在高压进料器中它们以约300-1500psig的压力转移到高压循环回路中。 颗粒和液体被送入垂直脱水容器顶部的液体/颗粒分离器，容器顶部的颗粒与饱和蒸汽接触。 冷凝的蒸汽和颗粒在脱水容器中向下流动，并在容器的底部进行逆流洗涤。 从脱水容器的底部排出的液体和颗粒的浆液在第二高压进料器中的压力逐渐降低，并以约20-100psig的压力转移到低压回路中。 分离液体和颗粒，然后使颗粒进行蒸发冷却。

公开(公告)号：US4416567A

公开(公告)日：1983-11-22

申请号：US349817

申请日：1982-02-18

Applicant: Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk

Inventor： Carl L. Elmore ,  Erwin D. Funk

IPC: B65G53/30

CPC classification number: B65G53/30

Abstract: A method of transporting heavier than water particles such as coal from an elevated supply site to a delivery site at a substantial elevation below said elevated supply site comprising the steps of mixing the particles at the supply site with liquid such as water to form a slurry of particles and liquid, introducing slurry at the supply site into a confined path extending downwardly from the supply site to the delivery site, confining a volume of slurry material in energy transmitting relation to the slurry in the confined path such that the static head of the slurry in the confined path is transmitted to the confined volume, continuously withdrawing material from the confined volume at spaced first and second positions and introducing liquid into the confined volume in such a way as to (1) maintain the pressure conditions within the confined volume generally equal to the static head of the slurry in the confined path minus the friction losses and (2) enable slurry from the confined path to flow into the confined volume and the particles thereof to move within the confined volume such that the material at the first withdrawal position contains the larger particles of the slurry and the material at the second withdrawal position is substantially devoid of the larger particles of the slurry, continuously separating a liquid fraction from the material withdrawn from the confined volume at the second withdrawal position in such a way that the pressure of said liquid fraction is not materially lowered with respect to the pressure of the material in the confined volume, pumping the liquid fraction along a confined path extending upwardly to the supply site, and utilizing the liquid fraction pumped to the supply site as the liquid in the mixing step, and apparatus for carrying out the method.

Abstract translation: 将比例高的水粒子（例如煤）从比较高的供应地点运送到位于所述提升供应地点以下的实质高度的输送位置的方法包括以下步骤：将供应地点处的颗粒与液体如水混合，形成浆料 颗粒和液体，在供应位置将浆料引入到从供应位置向下延伸到输送位置的限制路径中，将一定体积的浆料材料限制在与限制路径中的浆料的能量传递关系中，使得浆料的静态头部 在限制的路径中被传送到限制的容积，在间隔开的第一和第二位置连续地从限制容积中取出材料，并将液体引入约束体积，使得（1）将约束体积内的压力条件保持在大致相等 到限制路径中的浆料的静态头减去摩擦损失，和（2）使来自限制的浆料的浆料 流入限制体积并且其颗粒在限制体积内移动，使得在第一取出位置处的材料含有较大的浆料颗粒，并且在第二抽出位置处的材料基本上不含较大的颗粒 浆液，以在第二取出位置从与限制体积排出的材料连续分离液体部分，使得所述液体部分的压力相对于限制体积中的材料的压力没有实质降低，泵送 沿着向上延伸到供应部位的限制路径的液体部分，以及在混合步骤中利用泵送到供应部位作为液体的液体部分以及用于实施该方法的装置。

公开(公告)号：US5567274A

公开(公告)日：1996-10-22

申请号：US275392

申请日：1994-07-15

Applicant: Erwin D. Funk ,  Kaj Henricson ,  Stephen J. Dunn

Inventor： Erwin D. Funk ,  Kaj Henricson ,  Stephen J. Dunn

IPC: B01J4/00 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C9/153 ,  D21C7/12

CPC classification number: D21C9/153 ,  D21C9/1026

Abstract: A method and apparatus supply ozone containing gas under superatmospheric pressure to an ozone delignification device. The speed of a water ring compressor is controlled so that it compresses as much ozone gas per unit time at desired superatmospheric pressure as the ozone delignification unit utilizes, with essentially no excess. The ozone containing gas is fed from the water ring compressor through a separator buffer tank which levels out pressure pulses and separates cooling water from compressed ozone gas prior to the gas entering the ozone delignification unit. The gas passes through a control valve controlled by a mass flowmeter which senses the amount of cellulose pulp fed to the ozone delignification unit. The speed control of the compressor may be provided by a differential pressure controller connected across the control valve.

Abstract translation: 一种在超大气压下向臭氧脱木质装置供给含臭氧气体的方法和装置。 控制水环式压缩机的速度，使得它以按照臭氧脱木质装置利用的基本上没有过量的压力，按照期望的超大气压力压缩单位时间内的臭氧气体。 含臭氧气体从水环压缩机通过分离器缓冲罐供给，分离器缓冲罐排出压力脉冲，并在气体进入臭氧脱木素装置之前将冷却水与压缩的臭氧气体分离。 气体通过由质量流​​量计控制的控制阀，该质量流量计感测供给到臭氧脱木质单元的纤维素纸浆的量。 压缩机的速度控制可以由连接在控制阀上的差压控制器提供。

公开(公告)号：US5364505A

公开(公告)日：1994-11-15

申请号：US989932

申请日：1992-12-07

Applicant: Erwin D. Funk ,  Kaj Henricson ,  Stephen J. Dunn

Inventor： Erwin D. Funk ,  Kaj Henricson ,  Stephen J. Dunn

IPC: B01J4/00 ,  D21C9/10 ,  D21C9/153 ,  D21C7/12

CPC classification number: D21C9/153 ,  D21C9/1026

Abstract: A method and apparatus supply ozone containing gas under superatmospheric pressure to an ozone delignification device. The speed of a water ring compressor is controlled so that it compresses as much ozone gas per unit time at desired superatmospheric pressure as the ozone delignification unit utilizes, with essentially no excess. The ozone containing gas is fed from the water ring compressor through a separator buffer tank which levels out pressure pulses and separates cooling water from compressed ozone gas prior to the gas entering the ozone delignification unit. The gas passes through a control valve controlled by a mass flowmeter which senses the amount of cellulose pulp fed to the ozone delignification unit. The speed control of the compressor may be provided by a differential pressure controller connected across the control valve.

Abstract translation: 一种在超大气压下向臭氧脱木质装置供给含臭氧气体的方法和装置。 控制水环式压缩机的速度，使得它以按照臭氧脱木质装置利用的基本上没有过量的压力，按照期望的超大气压力压缩单位时间内的臭氧气体。 含臭氧气体从水环压缩机通过分离器缓冲罐供给，分离器缓冲罐排出压力脉冲，并在气体进入臭氧脱木素装置之前将冷却水与压缩的臭氧气体分离。 气体通过由质量流​​量计控制的控制阀，该质量流量计感测供给到臭氧脱木质单元的纤维素纸浆的量。 压缩机的速度控制可以由连接在控制阀上的差压控制器提供。

公开(公告)号：US4017270A

公开(公告)日：1977-04-12

申请号：US542407

申请日：1975-01-20

Applicant: Erwin D. Funk ,  Michael I. Sherman

Inventor： Erwin D. Funk ,  Michael I. Sherman

IPC: B01J3/02 ,  C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/06

CPC classification number: C10J3/30 ,  B01J3/02 ,  C10J3/723 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0946 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A gasification process in which gasification of lump size gas producing material, such as coal, is carried out under high pressure on a fixed-bed principle with a continuous feed of coal particles thereto, the continuous feed being accomplished by feeding coal of an appropriate particle size range into a volume of liquid within a first confinement path through a free surface thereof exposed to atmospheric conditions, collecting successive incremental volumes of particles and entrained liquid and transferring them into a liquid within a second circuitous confinement path maintained under pressure by virtue of the exposure of the free surface of a volume thereof with the gasification pressure conditions, conveying the particles of the incremental volumes communicated with the second path through a pumping action upstream of the particle communication therewith, collecting the particles in the volume and moving them upwardly through the free surface thereof into the gasification zone.

Abstract translation: 一种气化过程，其中一个等体积煤气产生材料如煤的气化在固定床原理上在高压下进行，其中连续进料煤颗粒，连续进料通过将适当颗粒的煤进料 尺寸范围进入通过其暴露于大气条件的自由表面的第一限制路径内的一定体积的液体，收集连续的增量体积的颗粒和夹带的液体，并将它们转移到第二迂回约束路径内的液体中，所述液体保持在压力下由于 将其体积的自由表面暴露于气化压力条件下，通过与颗粒连通的上游的泵送作用传送与第二路径连通的增量体积的颗粒，将颗粒收集在体积中并将它们向上移动通过 其自由表面进入气化区。

公开(公告)号：US6106668A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US63429

申请日：1998-04-21

Applicant: C. Bertil Stromberg ,  J. W. Chamblee ,  Bruno S. Marcoccia ,  Rolf C. Ryham ,  Erwin D. Funk

Inventor： C. Bertil Stromberg ,  J. W. Chamblee ,  Bruno S. Marcoccia ,  Rolf C. Ryham ,  Erwin D. Funk

IPC: D21C1/10 ,  D21C7/06

CPC classification number: D21C1/10 ,  D21C7/06

Abstract: A system and method for feeding comminuted cellulosic fibrous material such as wood chips to the top of a treatment vessel such as a continuous digester provide enhanced simplicity, operability, and maintainability by eliminating the high pressure transfer device conventionally used in the prior art. Instead of a high pressure transfer device the steamed and slurried chips are pressurized using one or more slurry pumps located at least thirty feet below the top of the treatment vessel and for pressurizing the slurry to a pressure of at least about 10 bar gauge. A return line from the top of the digester may, but need not necessarily, be operatively connected to the one or more pumps and if connected to the pumps the pressure in the return line may be reduced utilizing a pressure reduction valve and/or a flash tank. During pressurized transferring of the slurry from the pumps to a treatment vessel (which may be as little about 10 feet or as much as about a half a mile away) treatment liquid is provided which contains at least some active pumping chemical including sodium hydroxide, sodium sulfide; polysulfide, anthraquinone or their equivalents or derivatives; surfactants, enzymes, or chelants; or combinations thereof. Pseudo-countercurrent circulation of treatment liquids may be provided between stations.

Abstract translation: 将诸如木屑的粉碎的纤维素纤维材料进料到诸如连续蒸煮器的处理容器的顶部的系统和方法通过消除现有技术中常规使用的高压转移装置提供了增强的简单性，可操作性和可维护性。 代替高压转移装置，使用位于处理容器顶部至少三十英尺处的一个或多个浆料泵来加压蒸汽和浆化的碎屑，并将浆料加压至至少约10巴的压力。 来自蒸煮器顶部的返回管线可以但不一定可操作地连接到一个或多个泵，并且如果连接到泵，则可以使用减压阀和/或闪光灯来减少返回管路中的压力 坦克。 在将浆料从泵加压转移到处理容器（其可以在约10英尺或高达约半英里远的地方）的情况下，提供处理液体，其包含至少一些主动泵送化学品，包括氢氧化钠，钠 硫化物 多硫化物，蒽醌或其等同物或衍生物; 表面活性剂，酶或螯合剂; 或其组合。 可在站间提供处理液的伪逆流循环。

公开(公告)号：US5411634A

公开(公告)日：1995-05-02

申请号：US710439

申请日：1991-06-07

Applicant: Kaj Henricson ,  Joseph Phillips ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Stephen J. Dunne

Inventor： Kaj Henricson ,  Joseph Phillips ,  Brian F. Greenwood ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Stephen J. Dunne

IPC: D21C9/10 ,  D21C9/153

CPC classification number: D21C9/153

Abstract: In a method of bleaching medium consistency pulp with ozone using a mixer, ozone containing gas and about 6-15% consistency pulp are fed to the mixer, and then discharged in a first, preferably vertical, path. The mixture of pulp and ozone moves in a first part of the vertical path a time period of about 1-5 seconds at a velocity of about 1-5 m/s so that the gas and pulp do not separate during movement in this first part, and the vast majority of the pulp brightening reaction between the ozone and pulp takes place. This is preferably accomplished by passing the mixture upwardly in a small diameter conduit having a height of about 3-20 meters. Then the velocity of the pulp is slowed while still moving in the first path, preferably by feeding it directly to a much larger diameter (e. g. 1.5-10 times) conduit, so the height of the unit may be kept under 100 feet. The pulp flows in the large diameter conduit for about 0.5-5 minutes so that residual reactions take place.

Abstract translation: 在使用混合器将具有臭氧的中等稠度纸浆漂白的方法中，将含臭氧的气体和约6-15％浓度的纸浆送入混合器中，然后以第一，优选垂直的路径排出。 纸浆和臭氧的混合物以约1-5m / s的速度在垂直路径的第一部分中移动大约1-5秒的时间段，使得气体和纸浆在该第一部分的运动期间不分离 ，并且发生了臭氧和纸浆之间绝大多数纸浆增白反应。 这优选通过将混合物向上通过高度为约3-20米的小直径导管来完成。 然后，纸浆的速度在第一路径中仍然运动时减速，优选通过将其直接送入更大直径（例如1.5-10倍）的导管，因此该单元的高度可以保持在100英尺以下。 纸浆在大直径导管中流动约0.5-5分钟，从而发生残留反应。

公开(公告)号：US4125384A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-14

申请号：US774043

申请日：1977-03-03

Applicant: Erwin D. Funk

Inventor： Erwin D. Funk

IPC: C10J3/30

CPC classification number: C10J3/30 ,  C10J3/78 ,  C10J2200/36 ,  C10J2300/093 ,  C10J2300/0973 ,  Y10S48/07

Abstract: A method of continuously feeding solid particles into a pressurized container which comprises the steps of confining a body of liquid having a specific gravity less than the specific gravity of the particles in proximity to the pressurized container, maintaining communication of the pressure conditions within the pressurized container with a free surface of the confined body of liquid so as to maintain the body of liquid under pressure, continuously introducing a supply of solid particles entrained in liquid under pressure into the body of liquid under pressure, causing the entrained particles introduced into the body of liquid to continuously move toward the bottom portion thereof, mechanically continuously moving the particles in the bottom portion of the body of liquid upwardly along a confined path which extends from a position adjacent the bottom portion of the body of liquid upwardly above the level of the aforesaid free surface thereof to a feed position in pressure communication with the interior of the pressurized container from which the particles can be fed into the pressurized container, allowing the entraining liquid filling the spaces between the solid particles being moved upwardly to drain from the particles downwardly into the body of liquid, continuously withdrawing liquid from the body of liquid at a level at or near the free surface thereof in an amount so related to the amount of particles and entrained liquid introduced thereto and particles removed thereby along the path sufficient to maintain the free surface at a substantially constant level and along a liquid withdrawal flow path arrangement devoid of restrictions of a size less than that necessary to permit free passage thereby of any fine particles entrained in the withdrawn liquid and apparatus for practicing the method.

Abstract translation: 一种将固体颗粒连续进料到加压容器中的方法，包括以下步骤：将比重小于颗粒的比重的液体体限制在靠近加压容器的位置，保持加压容器内的压力条件的连通 具有液体的受限体的自由表面，以便在压力下保持液体的体积，在压力下连续地将夹带在液体中的固体颗粒供给到液体体内，导致引入到体内的夹带颗粒 液体连续地向其底部移动，机械地连续地将液体的底部中的颗粒沿着限制的路径向上移动，该限制路径从邻近液体底部的位置向上延伸到上述水平面以上 其自由表面到压力通信中的进给位置 n具有加压容器的内部，颗粒可以从该内部进入加压容器，允许夹带液体填充固体颗粒之间的空间向上移动，从颗粒向下排入液体体内，从而将液体从 在其自由表面处或其附近的液面处的液体量与引入其中的颗粒和夹带液体的量相关，并且其沿着足以将自由表面保持在基本恒定水平的路径被除去，并且沿着 液体取出流路布置没有限制，其尺寸小于允许自由通过被夹带在抽出的液体中的任何细小颗粒和实施该方法的装置所需的尺寸。

公开(公告)号：US5529190A

公开(公告)日：1996-06-25

申请号：US384795

申请日：1995-02-06

Applicant: Keith A. Carlton ,  Mahendra R. Doshi ,  Todd A. Salvato ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Joseph R. Phillips ,  Scott M. Clum

Inventor： Keith A. Carlton ,  Mahendra R. Doshi ,  Todd A. Salvato ,  Erwin D. Funk ,  Joseph R. Phillips ,  Scott M. Clum

IPC: B03D1/14 ,  D21B1/32 ,  D21F1/70 ,  B03D1/24 ,  B04C5/00 ,  B04C9/00

CPC classification number: D21B1/327 ,  B03D1/082 ,  B03D1/1418 ,  B03D1/1425 ,  B03D1/1456 ,  B03D1/1462 ,  B03D1/1493 ,  D21F1/70 ,  B03D1/028 ,  B03D1/1412 ,  B03D1/1475 ,  B03D1/245 ,  Y02W30/646

Abstract: A slurry of recycled cellulose fibers is deinked by introducing the slurry into the first end of a vortex, sparging gas radially inwardly into the slurry to cause gas bubbles to attach to contaminants and ink particles to form an aerated slurry, discharging the aerated slurry from near the second end of the vortex into a separation vessel, effecting separation of a foam of ink laden gas bubbles from the cellulose fiber slurry in the separation vessel, and removing from the separation vessel the foam with associated ink and contaminants in a first stream, and de-inked cellulose fiber slurry in a second stream. The separation vessel is typically a foam separating vessel with separation effected by flotation, and by discharging the foam. The slurry is introduced into the flotation vessel below the liquid level in it. The slurry typically has a consistency of about 0.5-2%, and the gas to slurry volume ratio during sparging may be 0.1-1 to 1.0 (e.g. 0.2-0.7 to 1, or 0.3-0.4 to 1). The foam separating vessel may be cylindrical with a shower head at the top, and rejects therefrom directed to a rejects tank. Sparging takes place in a hydrocyclone with an outlet that may or may not be restricted; a rejects outlet may extend from a first end of the hydrocyclone to a rejects tank.

Abstract translation: 将回收的纤维素纤维的浆料通过将浆料引入涡流的第一端而脱墨，将气体径向向内喷入浆料中，使气泡附着到污染物和油墨颗粒上以形成充气浆料，将充气浆料从近处排出 涡流的第二端进入分离容器，从分离容器中的纤维素纤维浆液中分离出含有油墨的泡沫泡沫，并从分离容器中除去具有第一流中相关联的油墨和污染物的泡沫，以及 脱墨纤维素纤维浆料在第二条流中。 分离容器通常是具有通过浮选进行分离并通过排出泡沫的泡沫分离容器。 将浆料引入浮选槽内的液面下方。 浆料通常具有约0.5-2％的稠度，并且在鼓泡期间的气体与浆料体积比可以为0.1-1至1.0（例如0.2-0.7至1，或0.3至0.4:1）。 泡沫分离容器可以是圆柱形的，顶部具有淋浴喷头，并且从其排出而被引导到排污罐。 喷射发生在带有出口的水力旋流器中，可以或可能不受限制; 废品出口可以从水力旋流器的第一端延伸到排污罐。