Abstract:
Sulfur and nitrogen containing waste waters and waste gases are purified by treating with alkali or alkaline earth chlorites in acidic medium at a p H up to 6.
Abstract:
1,2-Unsaturated carboxylic acids having carbonyl compound impurities are separated by binding the carbonyl compounds with inorganic, aliphatic or aromatic amines and then distilling the acids.
Abstract:
OXAMIDE IS FORMED IN GOOD YIELDS UNDER ANHYDROUS CONDITIONS EMPLOYING (1) CYANOGEN, (2) A CARBOXYLIC ACID AND (3) A CARBOXYLIC ACID HALIDE OR HYDROGEN HALIDE. PREFERABLY SUPERATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE IS EMPLOYED.
Abstract:
Pure acetonitrile is recovered from aqueous acetonitrile by extracting with an organic solvent which has little miscibility with water, boils higher than acetonitrile and does not form an azeotrope with acetonitrile. The portion of the extract boiling up to 76*C is distilled off. The remaining acetonitrile containing more difficulty volatile portion is freed from the residual water by addition of an entraining agent and recovering the pure acetonitrile by a fractional distillation.
Abstract:
Catalyst for the oxidation of an Alpha , Beta -unsaturated aldehyde to an Alpha , Beta -unsaturated carboxylic acid, said catalyst comprising (A) a mixture of oxides of the elements antimony, molybdenum, vanadium and tungsten and/or compounds of said elements and oxygen, and (B) at least one oxide or oxygen containing compound of the elements lead, silver, copper, tin, titanium or bismuth, said catalyst having an atomic ratio of antimony to molybdenum to vanadium to tungsten to Group (B) elements of about 1 - 60 : 12 : 0.5 - 25 : 0.1 - 12 : 0.1 - 12. Processes for the use and preparation of the catalysts are provided.
Abstract:
A catalyst useful in preparing o-phthalodinitrile from o-xylene comprises antimony oxide and vanadium oxide and/or antimony vanadate. The antimony oxide is present as Beta -antimony tetroxide.
Abstract:
CYANOGEN IS PREPARED BY REACTING HYDROGEN CYANIDE AND CHLORINE IN THE PRESENCE OF A SURFACE ACTIVE CATALYST. THE PRODUCT STILL CONTAINING HYDROGEN CYANIDE IS TREATED WITH 1 TO 1.1 MOLE OF CHLORINE PER MOLE OF HYDROGEN CYANIDE REMAINING AT 195 TO 800* C. FOR 10 TO 0.01 SECOND AND IN THE PRESENCE OF THE SURFACE ACTIVE CATALYST, PREFERABLY ACTIVATED CARBON.
Abstract:
A MIXTURE OF CYANOGEN CHLORIDE AND HYDROGEN CHLORIDE IS SEPARATED BY MEANS OF ORGANIC LIQUID IN WHICH THE CYANOGEN CHLORIDE IS ABSORBED BUT IN WHICH THE HYDROGEN CHLORIDE IS INSOLUBLE.
Abstract:
A catalyst useful in preparing nitriles from alkyl substituted aromatic and heteroaromatic hydrocarbons comprises a mixture of antimony oxide and tungsten oxide which have been pretreated by heating from 650* to 1100* C. Compounds of manganese, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper or, preferably, vanadium can also be present.