公开(公告)号：US20110032130A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-10

申请号：US12804267

申请日：2010-07-15

Applicant: David Ludwig

Inventor： David Ludwig

IPC: H03M1/00

CPC classification number: G01S17/89 ,  G01S7/4913 ,  H03M1/1215

Abstract: A readout circuit is disclosed for use in an AM chirp LADAR system. The circuit comprises a photodetector such as a metal-semiconductor-metal detector coupled to a passive electronic filter. The filter output coupled to a capacitive-coupled transimpedance amplifier with an output coupled to an analog storage register. The analog storage register output is coupled to a sample-and-hold circuit which in turn is coupled to a sample and hold circuit. The output of the sample and hold circuit is digitized by an analog-to-digital converter circuit for further processing. The circuit may be used as a cell for the readout of an individual pixel on a photodetector or a plurality of cells used in a stack of integrated circuit chips for the read out of a plurality of pixels in a photodetector array.Each IC layer in the stacked photodetector imaging module of the invention is identical to its mates and has a unit cell comprised of a capacitance coupled transimpedance amplifier and analog storage register for receiving the output of a pixel in a detector array. The IC layers share one or more common busses on the module surface opposite the detector array. The common bus carries common signals such as power, clocks, and control signals. In the stacked configuration, each IC operates independently and outputs its signals on a unique output line. The stacked ICs operate under the same set of control vectors as the individual ICs comprising the stack. No communication is required between layers, simplifying the design and control process.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于AM啁啾LADAR系统的读出电路。 电路包括诸如耦合到无源电子滤波器的金属 - 半导体 - 金属检测器的光电检测器。 滤波器输出耦合到电容耦合跨阻抗放大器，其输出耦合到模拟存储寄存器。 模拟存储寄存器输出耦合到采样保持电路，采样保持电路又耦合到采样和保持电路。 采样和保持电路的输出由模拟 - 数字转换器电路数字化，用于进一步处理。 电路可以用作用于读出光电检测器上的单个像素的单元或用于在光电检测器阵列中的多个像素的读出的集成电路芯片的堆叠中的多个单元。 本发明的堆叠光电检测器成像模块中的每个IC层与其配合相同，并且具有由电容耦合互阻抗放大器和用于接收检测器阵列中的像素的输出的模拟存储寄存器组成的单元。 IC层在与检测器阵列相对的模块表面上共享一个或多个公共总线。 公共总线载有公共信号，如电源，时钟和控制信号。 在堆叠配置中，每个IC独立运行，并在独特的输出线上输出信号。 堆叠的IC在与包括堆叠的各个IC相同的控制向量集合下操作。 层之间不需要通信，简化了设计和控制过程。

公开(公告)号：US20140375977A1

公开(公告)日：2014-12-25

申请号：US14311283

申请日：2014-06-21

Applicant: David Ludwig ,  Alan C. Rogers ,  Medhat Azzazy ,  James W. Justice

Inventor： David Ludwig ,  Alan C. Rogers ,  Medhat Azzazy ,  James W. Justice

IPC: G01S17/89

CPC classification number: G01S17/89 ,  G01R31/3606

Abstract: A LIDAR system that can accommodate both a clear atmosphere and be adaptable to environments in which smoke, dust or other particulates (i.e., a degraded environment) exist in the atmosphere around the target is described. The system operates in two fields of regard: clear view mode (wide field of regard) and a degraded view mode (narrow field of regard). The wide field of regard allows the output laser energy to be concentrated over a large number of detector pixels and thus resulting in high scene scan rate. The narrow field of regard allows concentrating the laser output energy on fewer pixels to compensate for the loss of laser energy due to atmospheric degradation. The combination of the ROIC and LIDAR modes of operation result in a system that is capable of operation under clear and degraded environments.

Abstract translation: 描述了能够适应清晰气氛并适应于在目标周围的大气中存在烟雾，灰尘或其它颗粒（即降解的环境）的环境的激光雷达系统。 该系统在两个方面工作：清晰视图模式（宽视野）和退化视图模式（窄视角）。 广泛的领域允许输出激光能量集中在大量的检测器像素上，从而导致高场景扫描速率。 狭义的领域允许将激光输出能量集中在较少的像素上，以补偿由于大气降解引起的激光能量的损失。 ROIC和LIDAR操作模式的组合导致能够在清晰和恶化环境下运行的系统。

公开(公告)号：US20120176620A1

公开(公告)日：2012-07-12

申请号：US13346918

申请日：2012-01-10

Applicant: David Ludwig

Inventor： David Ludwig

IPC: G01J3/28

CPC classification number: G01J3/50 ,  G01J2003/466

Abstract: A method for using a depletion region in a solid state spectrometer unit cell or plurality of cells for sensing different wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation at different depths within the substrate of the device. Variable bias voltages on one or more p-n junctions in the device are used so that the depth of the depletion regions are selectively varied. By varying the depletion region thickness of the p-n junctions in the device, the wavelengths absorbed by the semiconductor device and resultant electron-hole pairs collected by the p-n junctions are varied. In one embodiment, the outputs of each of two unit cell p-n junctions are sensed and the difference calculated and output to suitable circuitry for display as representative of a particular range or frequency of the electromagnetic spectrum.

Abstract translation: 一种在固态光谱仪单元或多个单元中使用耗尽区的方法，用于感测在该器件的衬底内的不同深度的不同波长的电磁辐射。 使用器件中一个或多个p-n结上的可变偏置电压，使得耗尽区的深度被选择性地变化。 通过改变器件中p-n结的耗尽区厚度，由p-n结收集的半导体器件吸收的波长和由此产生的电子 - 空穴对变化。 在一个实施例中，感测到两个单位单元p-n结中的每一个的输出，并且计算出的差值并将其输出到用于显示的合适电路，以代表电磁频谱的特定范围或频率。

公开(公告)号：US07436494B1

公开(公告)日：2008-10-14

申请号：US11706724

申请日：2007-02-15

Applicant: John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

Inventor： John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

IPC: G01C3/08

CPC classification number: G01S7/487 ,  G01S7/4863 ,  G01S7/51 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/89

Abstract: A 3-D LADAR imaging system incorporating stacked microelectronic layers is provided. A light source such as a laser is imaged upon a target through beam shaping optics. Photons reflected from the target are collected and imaged upon a detector array though collection optics. The detector array signals are fed into a multilayer processing module wherein each layer includes detector signal processing circuitry. The detector array signals are amplified, compared to a user-defined threshold, digitized and fed into a high speed FIFO shift register range bin. Dependant on the value of the digit contained in the bins in the register, and the digit's bin location, the time of a photon reflection from a target surface can be determined. A T0 trigger signal defines the reflection time represented at each bin location by resetting appropriate circuitry to begin processing.A reference insert circuit inserts data into the FIFO registers at a preselected location to provide a reference point at which all FIFO shift register data may be aligned to accommodate for timing differences between layers and channels. The bin data representing the photon reflections from the various target surfaces are read out of the FIFO and processed using appropriate circuitry such as a field programmable gate array to create a synchronized 3-D point cloud for creating a 3-D target image.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种包含堆叠微电子层的3-D LADAR成像系统。 诸如激光的光源通过光束整形光学器件成像在靶上。 从目标反射的光子被收集并通过收集光学器件在检测器阵列上成像。 检测器阵列信号被馈送到多层处理模块，其中每层包括检测器信号处理电路。 与用户定义的阈值相比，检测器阵列信号被放大，数字化并馈送到高速FIFO移位寄存器范围仓。 取决于包含在寄存器中的箱体中的数字值和数字仓的位置，可以确定从目标表面的光子反射的时间。 触发信号通过重置适当的电路来开始处理来定义在每个仓位置处表示的反射时间。 参考插入电路将数据插入到预选位置的FIFO寄存器中，以提供参考点，在该参考点处可以对齐所有FIFO移位寄存器数据以适应层和通道之间的定时差。 表示来自各种目标表面的光子反射的暗盒数据从FIFO中读出，并使用诸如现场可编程门阵列之类的适当电路进行处理，以创建用于创建3-D目标图像的同步3-D点云。

公开(公告)号：US4380270A

公开(公告)日：1983-04-19

申请号：US227754

申请日：1981-01-23

Applicant: David Ludwig

Inventor： David Ludwig

IPC: F03B13/00

CPC classification number: F03B13/00

Abstract: This invention relates to a tool device. In the first embodiment, the device comprises a body defining a grip-like, handle, a tool holder joined to the body, a piston and valve assembly disposed in the body adjacent one end thereof, a conduit extending from the valve, a piston slideably disposed on the conduit, as well as means for supplying the device with a fluid under pressure. By the use of the first embodiment of the present invention, the piston is caused to reciprocate in the body thereby producing a hammer-like action. In the second embodiment of the invention, a similar tool handle is used in combination with a tool holder and motor assembly. The assembly includes means for selectively joining a tool to the assembly, and a rotary motor means having a plurality of radially disposed movable vane members, as well as means for introducing and removing a fluid from the motor. By the use of the second embodiment of the present invention, rotary action such as that associated with a rotary sander can be achieved.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种工具装置。 在第一实施例中，该装置包括一个主体，该主体限定一个把手状的手柄，一个连接到主体上的工具架，一个活塞和阀组件，它们靠近其一端设置在主体中，一个从阀延伸的导管，一个可滑动的活塞 设置在导管上，以及用于在压力下为流体提供装置的装置。 通过使用本发明的第一实施例，使活塞在体内往复运动，从而产生锤状动作。 在本发明的第二实施例中，类似的工具手柄与工具夹具和马达组件结合使用。 组件包括用于选择性地将工具连接到组件的装置，以及具有多个径向设置的可移动叶片构件的旋转马达装置，以及用于从马达引入和移除流体的装置。 通过使用本发明的第二实施例，可以实现与旋转式砂光机相关联的旋转动作。

公开(公告)号：US20140293263A1

公开(公告)日：2014-10-02

申请号：US13852457

申请日：2013-03-28

Applicant: James Justice ,  Medhat Azzazy ,  David Ludwig

Inventor： James Justice ,  Medhat Azzazy ,  David Ludwig

IPC: G01S17/93 ,  G05D1/02

CPC classification number: G01S7/4817 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/89

Abstract: A LIDAR system having a rotating geometric solid polyhedron reflective scanning and receiving element disposed on a rotation table element. The system is configured for scanning a transmitted electromagnetic beam such as a laser beam over a scene of interest in both elevation and azimuth and for receiving a reflected portion of the transmitted beam onto the focal plane detector array of the invention and to output an (x, y, range) set of point cloud coordinate image data.

Abstract translation: LIDAR系统具有设置在旋转台元件上的旋转几何实体多面体反射扫描和接收元件。 该系统被配置用于在高程和方位角两者的感兴趣的场景上扫描诸如激光束之类的传输电磁波束，并且用于将发射光束的反射部分接收到本发明的焦平面检测器阵列上并输出（x ，y，范围）组云坐标图像数据。

公开(公告)号：USRE43722E1

公开(公告)日：2012-10-09

申请号：US12607253

申请日：2009-10-28

Applicant: John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

Inventor： John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

IPC: G01C3/08

CPC classification number: G01S7/487 ,  G01S17/89

Abstract: A 3-D LADAR imaging system incorporating stacked microelectronic layers is provided. A light source such as a laser is imaged upon a target through beam shaping optics. Photons reflected from the target are collected and imaged upon a detector array though collection optics. The detector array signals are fed into a multilayer processing module wherein each layer includes detector signal processing circuitry. The detector array signals are amplified, compared to a user-defined threshold, digitized and fed into a high speed FIFO shift register range bin. Dependant on the value of the digit contained in the bins in the register, and the digit's bin location, the time of a photon reflection from a target surface can be determined. A T0 trigger signal defines the reflection time represented at each bin location by resetting appropriate circuitry to begin processing.A reference insert circuit inserts data into the FIFO registers at a preselected location to provide a reference point at which all FIFO shift register data may be aligned to accommodate for timing differences between layers and channels. The bin data representing the photon reflections from the various target surfaces are read out of the FIFO and processed using appropriate circuitry such as a field programmable gate array to create a synchronized 3-D point cloud for creating a 3-D target image.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种包含堆叠微电子层的3-D LADAR成像系统。 诸如激光的光源通过光束整形光学器件成像在靶上。 从目标反射的光子被收集并通过收集光学器件在检测器阵列上成像。 检测器阵列信号被馈送到多层处理模块，其中每层包括检测器信号处理电路。 与用户定义的阈值相比，检测器阵列信号被放大，数字化并馈送到高速FIFO移位寄存器范围仓。 取决于包含在寄存器中的箱体中的数字值和数字仓的位置，可以确定从目标表面的光子反射的时间。 T0触发信号通过重置适当的电路来定义在每个仓位置处表示的反射时间，以开始处理。 参考插入电路将数据插入到预选位置的FIFO寄存器中，以提供参考点，在该参考点处可以对齐所有FIFO移位寄存器数据以适应层和通道之间的定时差。 表示来自各种目标表面的光子反射的暗盒数据从FIFO中读出，并使用诸如现场可编程门阵列之类的适当电路进行处理，以创建用于创建3-D目标图像的同步3-D点云。

公开(公告)号：US08198576B2

公开(公告)日：2012-06-12

申请号：US12287691

申请日：2008-10-10

Applicant: John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

Inventor： John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

IPC: G01C3/08

CPC classification number: G01S7/486 ,  G01S7/4816 ,  G01S7/4863 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/89 ,  H01L24/29 ,  H01L25/0657 ,  H01L2224/45147 ,  H01L2224/45565 ,  H01L2225/06551 ,  H01L2225/06596 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01004 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/1433 ,  H01L2924/19041 ,  H01L2924/19042 ,  H01L2924/19043 ,  H01L2924/30105 ,  H01L2924/30107 ,  H05K3/366 ,  H01L2224/48 ,  H01L2224/45644

Abstract: A 3-D LADAR imaging system incorporating stacked microelectronic layers is provided. A reference insert circuit inserts data into the FIFO registers at a preselected location to provide a reference point at which all FIFO shift register data may be aligned to accommodate for timing differences between layers and channels. The bin data representing the photon reflections from the various target surfaces are read out of the FIFO and processed using appropriate circuitry such as a field programmable gate array to create a synchronized 3-D point cloud for creating a 3-D target image.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种包含堆叠微电子层的3-D LADAR成像系统。 参考插入电路将数据插入到预选位置的FIFO寄存器中，以提供参考点，在该参考点处可以对齐所有FIFO移位寄存器数据以适应层和通道之间的定时差。 表示来自各种目标表面的光子反射的暗盒数据从FIFO中读出，并使用诸如现场可编程门阵列之类的适当电路进行处理，以创建用于创建3-D目标图像的同步3-D点云。

公开(公告)号：US20110032508A1

公开(公告)日：2011-02-10

申请号：US12804203

申请日：2010-07-16

Applicant: David Ludwig ,  Medhat Azzazy

Inventor： David Ludwig ,  Medhat Azzazy

IPC: G01C3/08

CPC classification number: G01S17/89 ,  G01S17/36

Abstract: A phase-sensing and scanning time-of-flight LADAR method and device are disclosed that take advantage of an atmospheric absorption bands within the solar IR spectrum.In the phase-sensing LADAR embodiment, an object is illuminated with electromagnetic energy such as a laser beam having a wavelength substantially equal to a predetermined atmospheric absorption band such as 1.39 microns. The transmitted laser beam is modulated at a predetermined frequency and has a first phase. The phase of the reflected and returned laser beam is altered proportional to the distance of the object and has a second phase. The first phase of the transmitted signal and the second phase of the received signal are compared and used to determine the distance of the object from the device. The system may comprise a modified laser that is tuned to operate in an atmospheric absorption band. A method to identify range ambiguity is disclosed by periodically altering the modulation frequency from a first modulation frequency to a second modulation frequency.In the scanning LADAR embodiment, an object is scanned or illuminated with electromagnetic energy having a wavelength substantially equal to a predetermined atmospheric absorption band at a first time and detects the reflection of the beam at a second time. The difference in time from the transmission of the scanning beam and the detection of the reflection of the beam from the object is used to calculate the range of the object.

Abstract translation: 公开了利用太阳IR光谱内的大气吸收带的相位感测和扫描飞行时间LADAR方法和装置。 在相位感测LADAR实施例中，用电磁能照射物体，例如具有基本上等于预定大气吸收带（例如1.39微米）的波长的激光束。 发射的激光束以预定的频率被调制并且具有第一相位。 反射和返回的激光束的相位与物体的距离成比例地变化并且具有第二相位。 将发送信号的第一阶段和接收信号的第二阶段进行比较并用于确定物体与设备的距离。 该系统可以包括被调整为在大气吸收带中操作的修改的激光器。 通过周期地将调制频率从第一调制频率改变到第二调制频率来公开识别范围模糊度的方法。 在扫描LADAR实施例中，用第一时间具有基本上等于预定大气吸收带的波长的电磁能量扫描或照射物体，并在第二时间检测光束的反射。 使用与扫描光束的透射的时间差和来自物体的光束的反射的检测来计算物体的范围。

公开(公告)号：US20090079956A1

公开(公告)日：2009-03-26

申请号：US12287691

申请日：2008-10-10

Applicant: John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

Inventor： John Kennedy ,  David Ludwig ,  Christian Krutzik

IPC: G01C3/08

CPC classification number: G01S7/486 ,  G01S7/4816 ,  G01S7/4863 ,  G01S17/10 ,  G01S17/42 ,  G01S17/89 ,  H01L24/29 ,  H01L25/0657 ,  H01L2224/45147 ,  H01L2224/45565 ,  H01L2225/06551 ,  H01L2225/06596 ,  H01L2924/00014 ,  H01L2924/01004 ,  H01L2924/01005 ,  H01L2924/01079 ,  H01L2924/14 ,  H01L2924/1433 ,  H01L2924/19041 ,  H01L2924/19042 ,  H01L2924/19043 ,  H01L2924/30105 ,  H01L2924/30107 ,  H05K3/366 ,  H01L2224/48 ,  H01L2224/45644

Abstract: A 3-D LADAR imaging system incorporating stacked microelectronic layers is provided. A light source such as a laser is imaged upon a target through beam shaping optics. Photons reflected from the target are collected and imaged upon a detector array through collection optics. The detector array signals are fed into a multilayer processing module wherein each layer includes detector signal processing circuitry. The detector array signals are amplified, compared to a user-defined threshold, digitized and fed into a high speed FIFO shift register range bin. Dependant on the value of the digit contained in the bins in the register, and the digit's bin location, the time of a photon reflection from a target surface can be determined. A T0 trigger signal defines the reflection time represented at each bin location by resetting appropriate circuitry to begin processing.A reference insert circuit inserts data into the FIFO registers at a preselected location to provide a reference point at which all FIFO shift register data may be aligned to accommodate for timing differences between layers and channels. The bin data representing the photon reflections from the various target surfaces are read out of the FIFO and processed using appropriate circuitry such as a field programmable gate array to create a synchronized 3-D point cloud for creating a 3-D target image.A preferred embodiment comprises the use of compressible conductors such as Fuzz Buttons to interconnect one or more of the layers to an external circuit.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种包含堆叠微电子层的3-D LADAR成像系统。 诸如激光的光源通过光束整形光学器件成像在靶上。 从目标反射的光子被收集并通过收集光学器件在检测器阵列上成像。 检测器阵列信号被馈送到多层处理模块，其中每层包括检测器信号处理电路。 与用户定义的阈值相比，检测器阵列信号被放大，数字化并馈送到高速FIFO移位寄存器范围仓。 取决于包含在寄存器中的箱体中的数字值和数字仓的位置，可以确定从目标表面的光子反射的时间。 T0触发信号通过重置适当的电路来定义在每个仓位置处表示的反射时间，以开始处理。 参考插入电路将数据插入到预选位置的FIFO寄存器中，以提供参考点，在该参考点处可以对齐所有FIFO移位寄存器数据以适应层和通道之间的定时差。 表示来自各种目标表面的光子反射的暗盒数据从FIFO中读出，并使用诸如现场可编程门阵列之类的适当电路进行处理，以创建用于创建3-D目标图像的同步3-D点云。 优选实施例包括使用诸如Fuzz按钮的可压缩导体来将一个或多个层互连到外部电路。