Method and apparatus for increasing heat transfer efficiency
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for increasing heat transfer efficiency 失效
    提高传热效率的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号:US4114685A

    公开(公告)日:1978-09-19

    申请号:US647377

    申请日:1976-01-08

    CPC classification number: F24J2/07 F28F13/16 Y02E10/41

    Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for increasing the heat transfer efficiency of a heat exchanger by utilizing a high intensity RF field. Either an ion stream generated by the RF field or the RF field itself results in the efficiency increase and the rate at which the fluid acquires energy from the heat exchanger is enhanced to the extent that the boundary layer normally present at the walls of the heat exchanger which impedes the transfer of heat from the heat exchanger to the fluid breaks down during this process. The RF technique is utilized in one unique application for increasing the efficiency of solar energy receiver which operate at temperatures exceeding 1,500.degree. F in that the system eliminates arcing which would occur due to the high temperatures involved, if electrostatic (D.C.) ion spray devices were used. Arcing elimination is achieved both by the use of RF energy and by shielding the RF electrode or probe from contact with the heat transfer fluid with a dielectric member through which the RF field penetrates. In one embodiment a broad spectrum high voltage RF signal is generated by a Tesla coil to produce the RF signal. Alternatively, pulsed high RF energy of a single frequency may be used. This energy may be generated by a conventional magnetron and may be transmitted by a wave guide with a reentrant cone at the front of the solar receiver so that both focused solar energy and the RF energy impinge on the heat exchanger from the same direction.

    Abstract translation: 提供了一种通过利用高强度RF场来提高热交换器的传热效率的方法和装置。 由RF场或RF场本身产生的离子流本身导致效率提高,并且流体从热交换器获得能量的速率增加到通常存在于热交换器的壁处的边界层的程度 这阻碍了在该过程中热量从热交换器传递到流体中。 RF技术用于一个独特的应用中,用于提高在超过1500°F的温度下工作的太阳能接收器的效率,因为如果静电(DC)离子喷射装置是,则系统消除由于所涉及的高温而会发生的电弧 用过的。 通过使用RF能量并通过屏蔽RF电极或探针与传导流体与RF场穿过的电介质构件接触来实现消除电弧。 在一个实施例中,频谱高频RF信号由特斯拉线圈产生以产生RF信号。 或者,可以使用单个频率的脉冲高RF能量。 该能量可以由常规磁控管产生,并且可以通过在太阳能接收器前部的具有可重入锥体的波导传输,使得聚焦的太阳能和RF能量都从相同的方向冲击到热交换器上。

    Fractal computer user centerface with zooming capability
    3.
    发明授权
    Fractal computer user centerface with zooming capability 失效
    具有缩放功能的分形计算机用户中心面

    公开(公告)号:US5341466A

    公开(公告)日:1994-08-23

    申请号:US698016

    申请日:1991-05-09

    CPC classification number: G06T3/0025 G06F2203/04805

    Abstract: A computer user interface that represents information stored in a computer as reprentation objects located on at least one reference surface is disclosed. A user can magnify or reduce the displayed information by "zooming" in or out. The magnification operation displays a smaller portion of a particular surface, but each object that remains in view is displayed in greater size and/or detail. Similarly, the reduction operation displays a larger portion of a given surface, but each object within such surface is displayed in a smaller size and/or less detail. In order to view one part of the surface from another part of the surface or from another surface, a special type of an object, called a representation portal object, is provided. A graphical description of each object is physically stored in computer memory essentially as a sequence of compressed image representations. The first image in the sequence is a bit-mapped representation of an object as it was created, and each subsequent image is a reduced copy of the first image.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种计算机用户界面,其将存储在计算机中的信息表示为位于至少一个参考表面上的重新排列对象。 用户可以通过“放大”放大或缩小所显示的信息。 倍率操作显示特定表面的较小部分,但是保持在视野中的每个对象以更大的尺寸和/或细节显示。 类似地,缩小操作显示给定表面的较大部分,但是在该表面内的每个物体以较小的尺寸和/或较少的细节显示。 为了从表面的另一部分或从另一个表面观察表面的一部分,提供了称为表示门户对象的特殊类型的对象。 每个对象的图形描述实质上存储在计算机存储器中,作为压缩图像表示的序列。 序列中的第一个图像是对象在创建时的位映射表示,并且每个后续图像是第一个图像的缩小的副本。

    Method, system and software arrangement for comparative analysis and phylogeny with whole-genome optical maps
    4.
    发明申请
    Method, system and software arrangement for comparative analysis and phylogeny with whole-genome optical maps 审中-公开
    用于全基因组光学图谱的比较分析和系统发育的方法,系统和软件安排

    公开(公告)号:US20090076735A1

    公开(公告)日:2009-03-19

    申请号:US12228870

    申请日:2008-08-15

    CPC classification number: G16B10/00

    Abstract: The present invention provides a method for organizing genomic information from multiple organisms. In one embodiment of the invention, phylogenetic trees can be constructed for the organisms. The method of the present invention is termed CAPO, Comparative Analysis and Phylogeny with Optical-Maps. Optical maps of organisms are obtained and phylogeny between the organisms is determined by optical map comparison and bipartite graph matching between the organisms, as, for example, computed by a stable marriage algorithm.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于组织来自多种生物体的基因组信息的方法。 在本发明的一个实施方案中,可以为生物构建系统发育树。 本发明的方法称为CAPO,比较分析和光学定位系统发生。 通过光学图比较和生物之间的二分图匹配来确定生物的光学图谱,并确定生物之间的系统发育,例如,通过稳定的结合算法计算。

    Sensible heat storage unit
    5.
    发明授权
    Sensible heat storage unit 失效
    明智的储热单元

    公开(公告)号:US4405010A

    公开(公告)日:1983-09-20

    申请号:US157930

    申请日:1980-06-09

    Applicant: Jacob Schwartz

    Inventor: Jacob Schwartz

    CPC classification number: F28D20/0056 F28D2020/0086 Y02E60/142 Y10S165/042

    Abstract: A sensibe heat storage unit is provided which has a "step function" thermal gradient, and is constructed so as to have alternated regions of different thermal conductivity along the flow path through the unit such that, in one embodiment, there are spaced elements within the storage unit having transverse conductivities higher than the conductivity of the material in the spaces therebetween. This permits discharge of the storage unit at a uniform temperature until the storage unit is emptied.

    Abstract translation: 提供了具有“阶梯函数”热梯度的感性储热单元,并且被构造成具有沿着通过该单元的流动路径具有不同热导率的交替区域,使得在一个实施例中, 存储单元具有比其间的空间中的材料的导电性高的横向电导率。 这允许存储单元以均匀的温度排放,直到存储单元被排空。

    Enhanced accuracy optical radar
    7.
    发明授权
    Enhanced accuracy optical radar 失效
    增强精度光学雷达

    公开(公告)号:US4518256A

    公开(公告)日:1985-05-21

    申请号:US799827

    申请日:1977-05-23

    Applicant: Jacob Schwartz

    Inventor: Jacob Schwartz

    CPC classification number: G01S17/42 G01S17/10 G01S7/487

    Abstract: An optical radar is disclosed in which fine vernier range and angular displacement accuracy is achieved by projecting a burst of coherent pulses so as to strobe a target passing through the field of view of the projection apparatus. The use of the pulse burst permits the most recent information to be utilized in obtaining the target track. Prior to projection, the pulses in the burst are sampled. The resulting signal is delayed by an amount corresponding to course range and is directed down one of a pair of oppositely directed delay lines. The signals returned from the target are detected by a sectorized receiver, with an electrical output signal from a detector in one of the sectors being applied to the other delay line in the corresponding pair, such that the signal corresponding to the returned pulse propagates in a direction opposite to that of the sampled signal corresponding to the transmitted pulse. The delay lines are tapped at various points corresponding to vernier range and each pair of taps is coupled to a device which ascertains the coincidence of counter-propagating pulses, thereby to establish the vernier range of the target from the projection apparatus. Angular displacement from boresight is measured as a function of the sector occupied by the target, with the number of pairs of oppositely directed delay lines corresponding to the number of sectors in the receiving apparatus. In one embodiment, a waterfall type display is used which displays angular displacement versus vernier range such that an accurate target track may be obtained. The receiving apparatus may be provided with zoom optics so as to vary the vernier range and angular displacement scales.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种光学雷达,其中通过投射相干脉冲的突发来选通通过投影装置的视野的目标来实现精细的游标范围和角位移精度。 脉冲串的使用允许最新的信息用于获得目标轨迹。 在投影之前,脉冲串中的脉冲被采样。 所产生的信号被延迟一个对应于音程范围的量并被指向一对相反方向的延迟线之一。 从目标返回的信号由扇形接收机检测,其中一个扇区中的检测器的电输出信号被施加到相应对中的另一个延迟线,使得对应于返回的脉冲的信号在 方向与对应于所发送的脉冲的采样信号的方向相反。 延迟线在对应于游标范围的各个点被抽头,并且每对抽头耦合到确定反向传播脉冲重合的装置,从而从投影装置建立目标的游标范围。 根据目标所占据的扇区来测量视轴的角位移,其中相对于接收装置中的扇区数的相反方向的延迟线对。 在一个实施例中,使用瀑布型显示器,其显示角度位移与游标范围,使得可以获得精确的目标轨迹。 接收设备可以设置有变焦光学器件,以便改变游标范围和角位移标尺。

    METHOD, SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND PHYLOGENY WITH WHOLE-GENOME OPTICAL MAPS
    9.
    发明申请
    METHOD, SYSTEM AND SOFTWARE ARRANGEMENT FOR COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND PHYLOGENY WITH WHOLE-GENOME OPTICAL MAPS 审中-公开
    方法,系统和软件安排比较分析和生物与全基因组光学

    公开(公告)号:US20110231102A1

    公开(公告)日:2011-09-22

    申请号:US12967252

    申请日:2010-12-14

    CPC classification number: G16B10/00

    Abstract: The present invention provides a method for organizing genomic information from multiple organisms. In one embodiment of the invention, phylogenetic trees can be constructed for the organisms. The method of the present invention is termed CAPO, Comparative Analysis and Phylogeny with Optical-Maps. Optical maps of organisms are obtained and phylogeny between the organisms is determined by optical map comparison and bipartite graph matching between the organisms, as, for example, computed by a stable marriage algorithm.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种用于组织来自多种生物体的基因组信息的方法。 在本发明的一个实施方案中,可以为生物构建系统发育树。 本发明的方法称为CAPO,比较分析和光学定位系统发生。 通过光学图比较和生物之间的二分图匹配来确定生物的光学图谱,并确定生物之间的系统发育,例如,通过稳定的结合算法计算。

    Laser detector and spectral analyzer
    10.
    发明授权
    Laser detector and spectral analyzer 失效
    激光探测器和光谱分析仪

    公开(公告)号:US4346992A

    公开(公告)日:1982-08-31

    申请号:US332827

    申请日:1973-02-15

    Applicant: Jacob Schwartz

    Inventor: Jacob Schwartz

    CPC classification number: G01J3/12

    Abstract: There is herein disclosed a laser detector and spectral analyzer comprising a plurality of photoelectric detector elements, at least, two of which are suitably masked and disposed behind a wedge type interference filter. An additional detector element is operated without any mask or filter. The detector output signals are electronically processed to provide a substantially instantaneous and independent indication of the mean spectral wavelength, spectral width, total power and pulse length of radiant energy incident upon the apparatus.

    Abstract translation: 这里公开了一种激光检测器和光谱分析仪,其包括多个光电检测器元件,其中至少两个被适当地屏蔽并设置在楔形干涉滤光器的后面。 在没有任何掩模或过滤器的情况下操作附加的检测器元件。 检测器输出信号被电子处理以提供入射到设备上的辐射能的平均光谱波长,光谱宽度,总功率和脉冲长度的基本瞬时和独立的指示。

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