Abstract:
Petrochemical feedstocks such as ethylene may be prepared from heavier hydrocarbon stock such as gas oils with simultaneous production of alkylate gasolines.
Abstract:
Low sulfur fuel oil is prepared by distilling an asphaltcontaining petroleum fraction to obtain a vacuum gas oil and vacuum residuum. The vacuum gas oil is passed downwardly with hydrogen through an upper bed of desulfurization catalyst; the residuum fraction is passed upwardly through one or more lower beds of desulfurization catalyst, and the desulfurized effluents are combined. It is found advantageous to pass the distilled fraction down through the desulfurization zone with less residence time and the residual fraction up through the zone to subject it to more back-mixing and turbulence and thereby effecting a longer residence time.
Abstract:
The octane number of paraffinic gasoline blending components may be increased by (1) cyclizing the n-paraffins with hydrogen under reforming conditions in the presence of a catalyst prepared by depositing a noble metal on magnesium oxide and mixing the resulting noble metal-magnesia into an alumina gel matrix, and (2) subjecting the cyclized component to conventional catalytic reforming.
Abstract:
A HYDROCRACKING PROCESS FOR INCREASING THE YIELD OF LOWER BOILING HYDROCARBONS FROM HEAVY HYDROCARBON FRACTIONS BY OXIDIZING THE HEAVY HYDROCARBON AND CONTACTING SAID, OXIDIZED HEAVY HYDROCARBON FRACTION WITH HYDROGEN IN THE PRESENCE OF AN AROMATIC POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID OR ANHYDRIDE PRODUCING COMPOUND.
Abstract:
A COKE SUPPRESSING ADDITIVE PREPARED BY CONTACTING AN OXIDIZED HEAVY HYDROCARBON FRACTION WITH AN AROMATIC POLYCARBOXYLIC ACID AND/OR ANHYDRIDE PRODUCING COMPOUND IN THE PRESENCE OF AN OXIDANT FOLLOWED BY TREATMENT WITH HYDROGEN. THE ADDITIVE IS PARTICULARLY USEFUL FOR SUPPRESSING COKE FURMATION IN A HYDROCRACKING PROCESS.
Abstract:
A combination process for treating both municipal refuse and sewage includes the steps of shredding the solid refuse and mixing the shredded material thus obtained with a recycle stream of water resulting from a subsequent coking step to form a slurry; removing noncombustible materials from this slurry; mixing the slurry with sewage sludge and coking the resulting mixture under a pressure sufficient to prevent the vaporization of water, thereby producing grease, clean water and clean coke.
Abstract:
A CATALYTIC HYDROGEN CONTACT PROCESS FOR THE HYDROSULFURIZATION OF HEAVY HYDROCARBON MATERIALS BY INTRODUCING A HEAVY HYDROCARBON MATERIAL INTO A CATALYST ZONE COMPRISING A FIRST CATALYST ZONE BELOW AND A SECOND CATALYST ZONE ABOVE THE POINT OF ENTRY OF THE HEAVY HYDROCARBON MATERIAL, IN MTHE PRESENCE OF HYDROGEN WHEREIN THE HYDROGEN IS INTRODUCED IN COUNTERCURRENT RELATIONSHIP TO SAID HEAVY HYDROCARBON MATERIAL AND MAINTAINED AT A RATE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE FOR LIQUID CONTACT OF THE SECOND CATALYST ZONE AND RECOVERING AN INCREASED PROPORTION OF LOWER BOILING HYDROCARBONS AND/OR HYDROCARBONS OF REREDUCED SULFUR CONTENT.
Abstract:
A DESULFURIZATION PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF SULFUR IN A SULFUR CONTAINING HYDROCARBON OIL BY CONTACTING THE SULFUR CONTAINING HYDROCARBON OIL WITH AN ORGANIC HYDROPEROXIDE, AN ORGANIC PEROXIDE OR AN ORGANIC PERACID OXIDANT IN THE PRESENCE OF A GROUP IV-B, GROUP V-B OR FOR EXAMPLE BASE TREATMENT, A THERMAL TREATMENT OR A HYDRODESULFURIZATION TREATMENT.