公开(公告)号：US3916510A

公开(公告)日：1975-11-04

申请号：US48448474

申请日：1974-07-01

Applicant: US NAVY

Inventor： MARTIN WILLIAM E

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  H01L21/00 ,  B01J17/00

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  H01L21/00 ,  Y10S117/918 ,  Y10S148/028 ,  Y10S148/064 ,  Y10S148/072 ,  Y10S148/135

Abstract: High efficiency semi-planar electro-optic modulators are fabricated by depositing an electro-optic epitaxial waveguiding layer on a low resistivity single crystal substrate and then depositing first and second electrodes on opposite sides of the composition. After the natural cleavage plane of the substrate material has been determined, the composite material is aligned in a suitable scribing means and the substrate is scribed parallel to its natural cleavage plane along two widely spaced parallel lines defining the entrance and exit faces of a plurality of modulators; then the composite material is scribed with multiple closely spaced parallel lines at 90* to the previously scribed widely spaced parallel lines, for cleaving the composite material in situ completing the formation of a plurality of the desired modulators. The cleaved side surfaces of the modulators confine light energy to the waveguide portion. If desired, an optical buffer layer may be deposited on the substrate before deposition of the waveguiding material to minimize optical losses.

Abstract translation: 通过在低电阻率单晶衬底上沉积电光外延波导层，然后在组合物的相对侧上沉积第一和第二电极来制造高效半平面电光调制器。 在确定了基材材料的天然解理平面之后，将复合材料在合适的划线装置中排列，并且沿着两条广泛间隔开的平行线将基片平行于其天然解理平面划线，所述平行线限定了多个 调制器 那么复合材料在与先前刻划的广泛间隔的平行线90°的多个紧密间隔的平行线上划线，用于在原位上切割复合材料，完成多个所需调制器的形成。 调制器的切割侧表面将光能限制到波导部分。 如果需要，可以在沉积波导材料之前在衬底上沉积光学缓冲层以最小化光学损耗。

公开(公告)号：US3923374A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-02

申请号：US49046174

申请日：1974-07-22

Applicant: US NAVY

Inventor： MARTIN WILLIAM E

IPC: G02F1/035 ,  G02B5/14 ,  G02F1/03

CPC classification number: G02F1/035 ,  G02F2201/066

Abstract: An optical waveguide for transmitting light energy is defined by a channel of diffusant in a selected substrate material. An electrical conductor is positioned proximate to each side of the optical waveguide channel and a source of electrical signals is connected to the electrical conductors to develop an electrical field across the optical waveguide, producing resultant changes in refractive index commensurate with the electrical signals impressed upon the parallel electrical conductors. The changes of refractive index cause changes in polarization of light energy transmitted through that portion of the optical waveguide so that such light energy is phase modulated. In a preferred waveguide electro-optic modulator assembly, polarized light energy transmitted by the optical waveguide may undergo a change of polarization which, when intercepted by a polarization-sensitive filter, will produce an amplitude modulation of the light energy transmitted by the assembly.

Abstract translation: 用于透射光能的光波导由所选衬底材料中的扩散通道限定。 电导体靠近光波导通道的每一侧定位，并且电信号源连接到电导体以在该光波导上形成电场，从而产生与施加在该光波导通道上的电信号相当的折射率的所得变化 并联电导体。 折射率的变化导致透过光波导部分的光能的偏振变化，使得这种光能被相位调制。 在优选的波导电光调制器组件中，由光波导传输的偏振光能量可能经历偏振变化，当由偏振敏感滤光器截取时，其将产生由组件传输的光能的幅度调制。

公开(公告)号：US3923376A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-02

申请号：US49413274

申请日：1974-08-02

Applicant: US NAVY

Inventor： MARTIN WILLIAM E

IPC: G02F1/295 ,  G02B5/14

CPC classification number: G02F1/295

Abstract: An electrically conductive substrate supports a multi-mode optical waveguide of electro-optic material which transmits polarized light energy along a determinable path. The electrooptic material varies in electrical resistivity as a function of its thickness, with top and bottom electrodes disposed to develop an electric field across the thickness of the electro-optic material in response to an applied electrical potential. A correlative variation in refractive index is thus caused across the thickness of the electro-optic material commensurate with its variation in electrical resistivity. The plane wave of light energy travelling along the light path of the optical waveguide is consequently changed in orientation as a function of the applied electrical potential producing a concomitant deflection of the emergent light energy. An appropriate optical lens may be used for concentrating such emergent light energy at a desired focal plane in the form of a line or a point.

Abstract translation: 导电基板支撑沿着可确定路径透射偏振光能的电光材料的多模光波导。 电光材料的电阻率随着其厚度而变化，其中顶部和底部电极被设置为响应于所施加的电势而在电光材料的厚度上形成电场。 因此，在电光材料的厚度与其电阻率的变化相称的情况下，引起折射率的相关变化。 因此沿着光波导的光路行进的光能的平面波随着施加的电势的方向而改变，产生出现的光能的伴随的偏转。 可以使用适当的光学透镜来将这样的出射光能量以线或点的形式集中在期望的焦平面处。