Abstract:
A water-treating microbicide, containing an inorganic acid and a corrosion inhibitor, and further containing a carboxylic acid having 8 or less carbon atoms or any of alkali metal salts thereof. The present invention can provide a water-treating microbicide, water treatment method and water treatment apparatus exhibiting a high sterilization effect in a membrane separation device for seawater desalination, etc.
Abstract:
The present invention involves an improved integrated reactor and solids settler system for solids removal from a water stream. The integration of the rapid mix reactor and the solids settler of the present invention uses an overflow line from the rapid mix reactor to eliminate both the rapid mix reactor level indicator and controller and the flow controller in the solids settler clarified water outlet. The proposed design is simple, cost effective, and eliminates the possibility of unnecessary downstream unit shutdowns.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for thermal digestion of pumpable biomass, like sewage sludge. The method comprises the steps of supplying fresh biomass, preheating the supplied fresh biomass, hydrolysing the preheated biomass, cooling the hydrolysed biomass and discharging the cooled biomass.The supplied biomass is preheated here in at least two steps, wherein in one of the steps at least apart of the supplied biomass is mixed with at least a part of the hydrolysed biomass, and wherein in another step at least a part of the supplied biomass is brought into head-exchanging contact with a prewarming or preheating medium. At least 25 percent, more preferably at least 75 percent and most preferably substantially 100 percent of the hydrolysed biomass may be mixed with the supplied fresh biomass.The mixture formed during the preheating can optionally be separated again into preheated, fresh biomass and partially cooled, hydrolysed biomass.The invention further relates to an installation for performing this method.
Abstract:
An integrated system for treatment of inorganic liquid waste is disclosed that quickly and efficiently processes large quantity batches of such liquid waste by initially removing solids and sludge and subsequently processing the liquid waste to remove other materials so that the processed liquid waste can be recycled in a conventional sewer system. Larger solids, sludge, and free phase oil are removed by the system before they enter the liquid waste processing equipment, thereby preventing damage to the processing equipment caused by these substances. The use of common liquid waste and sludge delivery lines on all of the contaminant removal reactors in the system facilitates the efficient operation of the system with a minimum of operator intervention being required.
Abstract:
A water-treating microbicide, containing an inorganic acid and a corrosion inhibitor, and further containing a carboxylic acid having 8 or less carbon atoms or any of alkali metal salts thereof. The present invention can provide a water-treating microbicide, water treatment method and water treatment apparatus exhibiting a high sterilization effect in a membrane separation device for seawater desalination, etc.
Abstract:
A low-turbulent aspirating type aerator, introduced into a body of liquid, comprising of: a gas conveyance tube having a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end; a gas-liquid mixture chamber incorporating; an impeller affixed to a rotatable shaft, at the least one gas intake opening and at the least one gas-liquid discharge opening at or near bottom end of gas-liquid mixture chamber.Rotation of the impeller creates a low-pressure zone (vacuum) allowing gas conveyed via gas conveyance tube to come into contact with rotating impeller forming a gas-liquid mixture at the impeller interface wherein bubbles are formed. Gas-liquid mixture chamber confines gas bubbles thereby allowing the action of impeller and liquid shearing force to produce and discharge micro-sized gas bubbles of predominantly less than 0.85 millimeters. The micro-sized gas bubbles generated have an long residence or gas hold up time within the body of liquid, wherein gas within bubble can, based on a concentration gradient, diffuse into liquid thereby providing the capacity to provide a high gas (oxygen) transfer rate.
Abstract:
A low-turbulent aspirating type aerator, introduced into a body of liquid, comprising of: a gas conveyance tube having a gas inlet end and a gas outlet end; a gas-liquid mixture chamber incorporating; an impeller affixed to a rotatable shaft, at the least one gas intake opening and at the least one gas-liquid discharge opening at or near bottom end of gas-liquid mixture chamber.Rotation of the impeller creates a low-pressure zone (vacuum) allowing gas conveyed via gas conveyance tube to come into contact with rotating impeller forming a gas-liquid mixture at the impeller interface wherein bubbles are formed. Gas-liquid mixture chamber confines gas bubbles thereby allowing the action of impeller and liquid shearing force to produce and discharge micro-sized gas bubbles of predominantly less than 0.85 millimeters. The micro-sized gas bubbles generated have an long residence or gas hold up time within the body of liquid, wherein gas within bubble can, based on a concentration gradient, diffuse into liquid thereby providing the capacity to provide a high gas (oxygen) transfer rate.
Abstract:
A dip aerator for sewage treatment plants is provided with a downwardly directed pump outlet and a pump inlet, which is connected with an air hose. The pump inlet (14) is below the water level (18) in the sewage treatment basin. The air hose (20, 24) starts out from the pump inlet (14) and extends with a specified volume below the water level. In this way, it is achieved that, when the pump is started, water is delivered initially and air is emitted only later. By these means, brief repulsions without input of air become possible.
Abstract:
The disclosure relates to superhydrophobic membranes and methods of making and using such membranes. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) substrate is formed on sandpaper such that the PDMS substrate has a surface texture replicating the opposite impression of the sandpaper texture. Separately, a PVDF solution is prepared and disposed on the PDMS substrate. The PVDF substrate and liquid film combination are transferred to a solution of deionized water mixed with 2-propanol to form a PVDF film on the PDMS substrate. The PVDF film-PDMS substrate is transferred to a second DI water bath, after which the PVDF film is detached from the PDMS substrate. The PVDF film is then washed and dried, to yield a superhydrophobic PVDF membrane having the texture of sandpaper.
Abstract:
One of these distilling apparatus (10) comprises two columns, an evaporation column (14) and a condensation column (16), separated by a partition (18) equipped with rows of slits dividing them into 4 distillation stages. The evaporation column (14) comprises plates with hydrophilic or wettable faces, and the condensation column comprises rectangular hollow-plate (21) heat exchangers (221-6). Cold water ascends in these exchangers and saturated humid hot air descends in the condensation column (16). A perforated sheet (251-4) increases the uniformity of the partial airflows descending between the plates. The water is heated in a boiler (34); the hot water is scattered at the top of the evaporation column and the air cooled in the condensation column is sucked downwards by a fan (34). The air flows in a closed circuit. Performance is maximised, after the top temperature TE2 (45 to 90° C.) and the mass flow rate QE0 of the scattered water have been set, by adjusting the mass flow rate QA1 of the sucked dry air in order to give the temperature TA of this air a preset value at the top of the lowest evaporation chamber. Next, the effective cross sections of the partition apertures are adjusted in order to bring the air exiting from the evaporation chambers of higher rank to other preset temperatures TA2 to TAN, the enthalpy curves of the air deviating from flat by 6, with a satisfactory flow rate of distilled water. Applications: production of fresh or very high purity water; production of concentrated industrial wastewater; production of high-concentration ethanol, acids or bases.