公开(公告)号：US20010004192A1

公开(公告)日：2001-06-21

申请号：US09738315

申请日：2000-12-18

Inventor： Kazuki Miki ,  Setsuo Hasegawa ,  Satoshi Nakai

IPC: H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/10 ,  H01J25/587

Abstract: A magnetron comprising an anode portion, a cathode portion provided in a center of the anode portion, a cylindrical interaction space formed of the anode portion and the cathode portion, and iron magnetic pole pieces located at both ends of the interaction space in an tube axis direction thereof. A relationship between a thickness Tg (mm) of a tapered portion of the magnetic pole pieces and a magnetic flux Bg (mT, at 25null C.) of a center of the interaction space is set to satisfy 155

Abstract translation: 一种磁控管，其包括阳极部分，设置在阳极部分的中心的阴极部分，由阳极部分和阴极部分形成的圆柱形相互作用空间以及位于管轴相互作用空间两端的铁磁极片 方向。 将磁极片的锥形部的厚度Tg（mm）与相互作用空间的中心的磁通量Bg（25℃）的关系设定为满足155

公开(公告)号：US20020149316A1

公开(公告)日：2002-10-17

申请号：US09991294

申请日：2001-11-21

Inventor： Frederick M. Mako

IPC: H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J3/023

Abstract: The present invention pertains to an electron gun that generates multiple electron bunches and the application of this gun to produce rf energy. The electron gun comprises an rf input cavity having a first side with multiple emitting surfaces and a second side with multiple transmitting and emitting sections. The gun is also comprised of a mechanism for producing a rotating and oscillating force which encompasses the multiple emitting surfaces and the multiple sections so electrons are directed between the multiple emitting surfaces and the multiple sections to contact the multiple emitting surfaces and generate additional electrons and to contact the multiple sections to generate additional electrons or escape the cavity through the multiple sections. The multiple sections preferably isolates the cavity from external forces outside and adjacent the cavity. The multiple sections preferably include multiple transmitting and emitting grids. The multiple grids can be of an annular shape, or of a circular shape, or of a rhombohedron shape. The mechanism preferably includes a mechanism for producing a rotating and oscillating electric field that provides the force and which has a radial component that prevents the electrons from straying out of the region between the multiple grids and the multiple emitting surfaces. Additionally, the gun includes a mechanism for producing a magnetic field to force the electrons between the multiple grids and the multiple emitting surfaces. The present invention pertains to a method for producing multiple electron bunches. The method comprises the steps of moving at least a first electron in a first direction. Next there is the step of striking a first area with the first electron. Then there is the step of producing additional electrons at the first area due to the first electron. Next there is the step of moving electrons from the first area to a second area and transmitting electrons through the second area and creating more electrons due to electrons from the first area striking the second area. These newly created electrons from the second area then strike the first area, creating even more electrons in a recursive, repetitive manner between the first and second areas. An apparatus is provided for accelerating electron bunches to high energy. A means is given for producing an axial magnetic field in the axial direction so as to guide electrons into an output cavity for generating rf energy from the electrons passing therethrough. An output cavity is given for generating rf energy when multiple electron bunches pass through it. Finally, a collector is provided for electrons which have given up most of their energy to the output cavity. The present invention pertains to an electron gun. The electron gun comprises an rf cavity having a first side with multiple non-simultaneous emitting surfaces and a second side with multiple transmitting and emitting sections. The electron gun also comprises a mechanism for producing a rotating and oscillating force which encompasses the multiple emitting surfaces and the multiple sections so electrons are directed between the multiple emitting surfaces and the multiple sections to contact the multiple emitting surfaces and generate additional electrons and to contact the multiple sections to generate additional electrons or escape the cavity through the multiple sections. The present invention pertains to an apparatus for generating rf energy. The apparatus comprises a mechanism focusing non-simultaneous multiple electron bunches. The apparatus also comprises an output cavity which receives non-simultaneous multiple electron bunches and produces rf energy as the non-simultaneous multiple electron bunches pass through it. The present invention pertains to a method for producing electrons. The method comprises the steps of moving at least a first electron in a first direction at a first time. Then there is the step of moving at least a second electron in the first direction at a second time. Next, there is the step of striking a first area with the first electron. Next, there is the step of producing additional electrons at the first area due to the first electron. Then, there is the step of moving electrons from the first area to a second area. Next, there is the step of transmitting electrons to the second area and creating more electrons due to electrons from the first area striking the second area. Then, there is the step of striking a third area with the second electron. Next, there is the step of producing additional electrons at the third area due to the second electron. Next, there is the step of moving electrons from the third area to a fourth area. Then, there is the step of transmitting electrons to the fourth area and creating more electrons due to electrons from the third area striking the fourth area.

公开(公告)号：US20040245933A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-09

申请号：US10855828

申请日：2004-05-27

Inventor： Donald E. Voss ,  Clifton C. Courtney

IPC: H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/06 ,  H01J3/023 ,  H01J25/02

Abstract: Generating and frequency tuning of modulated high current electron beams and a specific efficient, high current, frequency-tunable device for generating intense radio frequency (RF), microwave electromagnetic fields in a standard rectangular waveguide. The invention utilizes current multiplication of a seed electron beam, comprising an energetic electron beam to impact a thin foil surface with high electric field. The transmissive-electron-multiplier foils also mitigate both space charge expansion and improve beam propagation effects, by shorting of the radially directed electric field at the axial location of the foil(s). Foil thinness and intensity of the exit fields provide for a multiplication process occurring in a fraction of an RF period. Both self-excited oscillator and amplifier configurations are envisaged. Also included is both a self-excited microwave generator and an amplifier, using a temporally modulated laser to generate a seed electron beam that is amplified. Methods to tune the oscillator are described that allow tunability over a full waveguide band.

Abstract translation: 调制高电流电子束的产生和频率调谐以及用于在标准矩形波导中产生强射频（RF），微波电磁场的特定高效，高电流，频率可调谐装置。 本发明利用种子电子束的电流倍增，其包括高能电子束以高电场冲击薄箔表面。 透射电子倍增器箔还通过在箔的轴向位置处的径向定向电场的短路来减轻空间电荷膨胀并且改善光束传播效应。 箔片的薄度和出射场的强度提供了在RF周期的一小部分中发生的乘法过程。 设想了自激振荡器和放大器配置。 还包括自激式微波发生器和放大器，使用时间调制的激光器来产生放大的种子电子束。 描述了调谐振荡器的方法，其允许在整个波导带上的可调谐性。

公开(公告)号：US20040245932A1

公开(公告)日：2004-12-09

申请号：US10488792

申请日：2004-03-05

Inventor： Alain-Joseph Durand

IPC: H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J25/02 ,  H01J25/74

Abstract: The subject of the present invention is a very high-power microwave generator using the virtual cathode effect. The microwave generator (60) comprises an emitter (62) capable of producing electrons in a microwave output circuit (64, 66), the quantity of electrons emitted being sufficient to cause a regular variation in the electron density in the output microwave circuit, the circuit converting the kinetic energy of the electrons into microwave energy in a resonant mode, the electron emitter emitting the electrons in several regions of the microwave circuit that exhibit field extrema (Exa1, Exa2, Exa3) of the resonant mode.

Abstract translation: 本发明的主题是使用虚拟阴极效应的非常高功率的微波发生器。 微波发生器（60）包括能够在微波输出电路（64,66）中产生电子的发射极（62），发射的电子量足以导致输出微波电路中电子密度的规律变化， 将电子的动能以共振模式转换为微波能量，电子发射器在微波电路的几个区域中发射电子，这些区域具有共振模式的场极值（Exa1，Exa2，Exa3）。

公开(公告)号：US20020060521A1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-23

申请号：US09996644

申请日：2001-11-27

Inventor： Frederick M. Mako ,  Terry F. Godlove

IPC: H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/10 ,  H01J25/06

Abstract: The present invention is based on a relatively simple mechanism which heretofore has not been tried before. The mechanism depends on modulation of a collimated beam transverse to the beam direction rather than the usual longitudinal modulation. Conversion of the transverse motion into longitudinal bunching in an output cavity is accomplished by means of the difference in path length in a bending magnet. Since the present invention does not depend on longitudinal modulation, it is suitable for pulsed superpower (1 GW) applications, but it can be equally suited for multi-megawatt cw applications. The present invention pertains to an apparatus for bunching relativistic electrons. The apparatus comprises means for imparting a periodic velocity in a first direction in a first region to electrons of an electron beam moving in a second direction. The apparatus also is comprised of means for causing electrons to follow a path length in a second region corresponding to the velocity in the first direction such that the path length is determined by the velocity imparted in the first direction. The differing path length causes beam electrons to be bunched as they exit the second region, allowing microwave power to be extracted from the bunches by conventional means.

Abstract translation: 本发明基于迄今尚未尝试的相对简单的机构。 该机制取决于横向于光束方向的准直光束的调制，而不是通常的纵向调制。 通过弯曲磁体中的路径长度的差异来实现横向运动转换成输出腔中的纵向聚束。 由于本发明不依赖于纵向调制，因此适用于脉冲超功率（1GW）应用，但也可适用于多兆瓦的应用。 本发明涉及一种用于聚束相对论电子的装置。 该装置包括用于将第一区域中的第一方向的周期速度赋予电子束在第二方向上移动的电子的装置。 该装置还包括用于使电子跟随在与第一方向上的速度对应的第二区域中的路径长度的装置，使得路径长度由在第一方向上施加的速度确定。 不同的路径长度使得束电子在它们离开第二区域时聚束，从而允许通过常规方式从束提取微波功率。

公开(公告)号：US20020036470A1

公开(公告)日：2002-03-28

申请号：US09960767

申请日：2001-09-24

Applicant: NEC CORPORATION

Inventor： Shunji Tsuida ,  Hironori Imura ,  Hideo Makishima

IPC: H01J023/18 ,  H01J025/02

CPC classification number: H01J23/02 ,  H01J3/021 ,  H01J23/06 ,  H01J25/34

Abstract: Expressing a perveance of an electron gun to be determined by a form of the electron gun as Pnull, a voltage to be impressed on an accelerating electrode Va and a beam current Ib, voltage Va which satisfies the following expression, Ib

Abstract translation: 通过电子枪的形式表示电子枪的外观为Pmu，施加在加速电极Va上的电压和束电流Ib，满足以下表达式的电压Va，第lvl =“0 “>在线配方> Ib 印在加速电极上。 此外，加速电极的电位始终保持在电子管中的所有电极的最高水平。