Abstract:
A processing method for selectively reducing or removing the region to be exposed with energy ray in a film formed on a substrate, comprising relatively scanning a first exposure light whose shape on the substrate is smaller than the whole first region to be exposed against the whole first region to be exposed to selectively remove or reduce the first region to be exposed, and exposing a whole second region to be exposed inside the whole first region to be exposed with a second exposure light to selectively expose the whole second region to be exposed.
Abstract:
A charged particle beam lithography system includes a charged particle beam emitter which generates a charged particle beam and which emits the charged particle beam to a wafer, the charged particle beam emitter emitting the charged particle beam at an acceleration voltage lower than a voltage causing a proximity effect that back scattered electrons generated from the wafer by irradiation of the charged particle beam influence an exposure amount of a pattern to be written close to an irradiation position of the charged particle beam; an illumination optical system which adjusts a beam radius of the charged particle beam; a cell aperture having a cell pattern of a shape corresponding to a desired pattern to be written; a first deflector which deflects the charged particle beam with a first electric field so as to enter a desired cell pattern of the cell aperture, and which deflects the charged particle beam which passes through the cell pattern back to an optical axis thereof; a demagnification projection optical system which demagnifies the charged particle beam from the cell aperture with a second electric field so as to form an image on the wafer; and a second deflector which deflects the charged particle beam from the cell aperture with a third electric field to adjust an irradiation position of the charged particle beam on the wafer, wherein the charged particle beam emitter emits the charged particle beam at an acceleration voltage lower than a voltage causing a proximity effect that back scattered electrons generated from the wafer by irradiation of the charged particle beam influence an exposure amount of a pattern to be written close to an irradiation position of the charged particle beam, and the demagnification projection optical system includes N-fold (N: a natural number of 2 or larger) of M-pole lenses (M: an even number of 4 or larger) and an aberration corrector which corrects at least one of spherical aberration and chromatic aberration in nullM/2null directions each orthogonal to the optical axis independently of each other, the aberration occurring when the beam radius is increased by the irradiation optical system in order to reduce a blur caused by a space-charge effect in a position where the charged particle beam forms an image on the wafer.
Abstract:
An ion source (10) for an ion implanter is provided, comprising: (i) an ionization chamber (14) defined at least partially by chamber walls (12), and having an inlet (45) into which a sputtering gas may be injected and an aperture (18) through which an ion beam (B) may be extracted; (ii) an ionizing electron source (44) for ionizing the sputtering gas to form a sputtering plasma; and (iii) a sputterable repeller (100). The sputterable repeller both (a) repels electrons emitted by the electron source, and (b) provides a source of sputtered material that can be ionized by the electron source. The sputterable repeller (100) comprises a slug (108) of sputterable material, and further comprises mounting structure (102, 104) for removably mounting the slug within the ionization chamber (14), so that the slug is made removably detachable from the mounting structure. The sputterable material may be any of the following elements, or compounds including any of these elements: aluminum (Al), boron (B), beryllium (Be), carbon (C), cesium (Cs), germanium, (Ge), molybdenum, (Mo), antimony (Sb), or silicon (Si). The repeller (100) is negatively biased with respect to the ionization chamber walls (12), and may be continuously variably biased to provide for a wide dynamic range of resulting ion beam currents.
Abstract:
A lithographic method using an ultra-fine probe needle in which a base end of a nanotube is fastened to a holder with the tip end of the nanotube protruded from the holder. The tip end of the thus obtained nanotube probe needle is brought to contact a sample surface, a voltage is applied across the probe needle and sample, and the probe needle is moved while the sample substance in the area of contact of the probe needle is removed by the application of the voltage, thus forming a groove-form pattern on the sample surface.
Abstract:
In a gas injector according to the invention, a forward section of the same is formed by a cylindrical portion which collectively contains and holds a plurality of nozzles and gas supply pipes and a nozzle guide portion which has an opening of a size to allow only one of the nozzles to protrude outwardly at an end thereof and which is formed like a taper extending from said cylindrical portion to said opening, and a rear section of the gas injector has a mechanism capable of selectively driving said plurality of nozzles for elevation through said gas supply pipes.
Abstract:
An apparatus for use in orienting an object at a reference angle includes a pin gauge having at least two projections located at an end of the body of the apparatus. The projections are located at certain X Y coordinates of an X, Y Z Cartesian coordinate system. A horizontal support supports the body so as to be movable horizontally in the longitudinal direction of the projections. A mechanical drive member is operable to move the body mechanically in the horizontal direction. The apparatus may also include a vertical support and vertical drive member. The pin gauge is mechanically moved into contact with a surface of an object to provide a reference angle for the object. Then the object is pivoted, if necessary, to bring the surface into point contact with all of the projections of the pin gauge, whereupon the object is oriented at the reference angle. Process errors in aligning the object using the reference angle are reduced because the orienting of the object at the reference angle is accomplished using mechanical elements.
Abstract:
A method and system for locally processing a predetermined microstructure formed on a substrate without causing undesirable changes in electrical or physical characteristics of the substrate or other structures formed on the substrate are provided. The method includes providing information based on a model of laser pulse interactions with the predetermined microstructure, the substrate and the other structures. At least one characteristic of at least one pulse is determined based on the information. A pulsed laser beam is generated including the at least one pulse. The method further includes irradiating the at least one pulse having the at least one determined characteristic into a spot on the predetermined microstructure. The at least one determined characteristic and other characteristics of the at least one pulse are sufficient to locally process the predetermined microstructure without causing the undesirable changes.
Abstract:
A thermoregulation system for an ion implantation system to reduce the temperature in the ion implanter and components therein, or attached thereto, to a temperature at which an ion source material, used in the ion implanter, has a vapor pressure that yields a reduced concentration of vapors. Such arrangement markedly reduces the risk of exposure to harmful vapors from the ion source material.
Abstract:
Disclosed is a technique capable of connecting patterns of a master mask easily. Integrated circuit patterns are transferred onto pattern transfer regions of a product mask by the reduced projection exposure using a plurality of IP masks. Thereafter, the patterns of the adjacent pattern transfer regions are connected by a light-shielding pattern made of an organic film, which is formed by the exposure using an energy beam.
Abstract:
An in-process charge monitor and control system (32) for an ion implanter is provided, comprising: (i) wafer support (22) upon which a plurality of wafers (W) may be positioned for implantation by an ion beam (18), the support having portions thereof disposed intermediate adjacent wafers that are more or less electrically conductive than surfaces of the wafers, the wafer support (22) further having a center (31) from which each of the plurality of wafers is substantially equidistant, the wafer support further provided with first and second apertures (64, 66) disposed substantially equidistant from the center (31); (ii) first and second electrical charge monitors (40, 38) for receiving first and second portions of the ion beam (18a, 18b) through the first and second apertures (64, 66), respectively, and for outputting first and second output signals (44, 42), respectively, indicative of an amount of ion beam current received; and (iii) a comparator (46) for comparing the first and second output signals (44, 42) and for outputting a third output signal (48) indicative of a difference in ion beam current received by first and second electrical charge monitors (40, 38), wherein the third output signal (48) is used as an input to a charge neutralization system (33) of the ion implanter to control the supply of low energy electrons produced thereby.