The invention discloses an automobile brake energy storing-releasing driving device which comprises a cylinder with a spring, a translation portion and a rotation portion. The cylinder with the spring comprises a cylinder wall, a piston and the spiral spring, a cylinder cavity is formed by the cylinder wall, the piston is in sliding fit with the inner side of the cylinder wall, the spiral spring is connected among the piston and the ends of the cylinder, the direction of elasticity of the spiral spring is parallel to the sliding direction of the piston, and gaseous media are arranged in the cylinder cavity or are arranged in a built-in rubber capsule cavity of the cylinder; the translation portion comprises a double-side toothed column and a shell of the translation portion, one end of the double-side toothed column is connected with the piston, rack grooves are formed in two opposite sides of the double-side toothed column along the sliding direction, and the double-side toothed column is arranged in the shell of the translation portion; the rotation portion comprises two gears, and the two gears are meshed with the double-side toothed column from the two opposite sides of the double-side toothed column, are respectively connected with a brake system of an automobile by input transmission systems and are connected with a hybrid power device by output transmission systems. The invention further discloses an automobile brake energy storing-releasing driving method. The automobile brake energy storing-releasing driving device and the automobile brake energy storing-releasing driving method have the advantages that energy of the automobile can be saved, and emission of the automobile can be reduced.