The invention discloses a Hough transformation based ground penetrating radar target extraction method and device. According to the method, a target echo signal is collected by using an independently-developed ground penetrating radar model machine, zero alignment is carried out according to the features of radar echo, and then a sliding translation filter is adopted to lower echo image noise caused by power supply noise of the radar model machine; and one the basis, wavelet transformation is adopted to analyze the noise features of the echo, important information including the wave crest and wave trough of the target echo can be detected by setting the threshold, and finally Hough transformation is adopted to extract the hyperbolic curve of the target, thus obtaining the spatial position information of the target. According to the invention, the radar echo signal is processed by adopting wavelet transformation, so that useful information in the signal can be strengthened and guarantee is provided for the reliability of subsequent processing fundamentally; furthermore, the improved hyperbolic Hough transformation effectively improves the extraction precision, greatly reduces the calculated quantity and is suitable for engineering application.