The invention provides a hydraulic-driven crawler-type traveling chassis. The chassis comprises a frame, rubber crawlers, guide wheels, thrust wheels, track rollers, driving wheels, baffles, hydraulic motors and rotation speed detection discs. The chassis is characterized in that the frame is of a spandrel beam type structure and comprises two longitudinal beams and two transverse beams; the guide wheels, the thrust wheels, the track rollers and the driving wheels are installed on the two longitudinal beams of the frame; the baffles are installed on the two sides of the thrust wheels and connected with the longitudinal beams of the frame to prevent sundries from being wound around the thrust wheels and achieve a protective function; the hydraulic motors are installed on the frame and connected with the driving wheels, and the hydraulic motors provide power and large enough torque and rotation speed for the whole chassis. The rotation speed detection discs are installed on the driving wheels and rotate synchronously together with the driving wheels. The chassis has the advantages of being stable in traveling, high in slope climbing and obstacle crossing capacity and capable of moving on soft roads or mountainous regions for work.