The invention discloses an electric vehicle thermal management system, comprising a passenger compartment thermal management module and a power system thermal management module. The passenger compartment thermal management module comprises an electric compressor, a condenser, a condensing fan, an expansion valve, an HVAC system, a first water pump, a water PTC heater and a connection pipeline. The power system thermal management module comprises a power battery pack, a water bottle, a second water pump, a radiator, a radiator fan, a third water pump, a controller, an inverter, a motor, a thermoelectric plate heat exchanger and a connection pipeline. The power system thermal management module is realized by adopting the thermoelectric plate heat exchanger. The thermoelectric plate heat exchanger has heating and cooling functions based on the Peltier effect. The electric vehicle thermal management system has the characteristics of simple structure, good reliability, precise temperature control, high heat utilization efficiency, and capability of effectively improving the battery using efficiency of the electric vehicle and extending the mileage of the electric vehicle.