Disclosed are a metal heat dissipation power battery pack structural design method and a battery pack. The design method comprises the steps of performing material, boundary and load defining, performing non-design region and design region defining, carrying out finite element discrete, solving a structural total heat conduction matrix and total rigidity array, performing structural thermosettingcoupling field analysis, performing structural flexibility and temperature sensitivity analysis, performing flexibility sensitivity analysis, carrying out grid filtering to eliminate a checkboard format, introducing volume constraint and temperature constraint, developing the temperature constraint and performing thermal-mechanical coupling topology optimization, and performing battery pack planarstructure optimization and the like. The battery pack has high and uniform heat dissipation performance and relatively high rigidity, and furthermore, the continuation of the journey and driving safety of an electric vehicle are improved.