Apparatus for hyperspectral imaging, the apparatus including input optics that receive radiation reflected or radiated from a scene, a spatial modulator that spatially samples radiation received from the input optics to generate spatially sampled radiation, a spectral modulator that spectrally samples the spatially sampled radiation received from the spatial modulator to generate spectrally sampled radiation, a sensor that senses spectrally sampled radiation received from the spectral modulator and generates a corresponding output signal and at least one electronic processing device that controls the spatial and spectral modulators to cause spatial and spectral sampling to be performed, receives output signals and processes the output signals in accordance with performed spatial and spectral sampling to generate a hyperspectral image.