A vinyl thermosetting resin composition, a prepreg, a laminate, and a printed circuit board are provided. The vinyl thermosetting resin composition has a vinyl thermosetting resin, a curing agent, and hollow borosilicate microspheres with surfaces chemically modified by a vinyl polyphenylene ether resin. The laminate not only has excellent overall properties such as low dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, low water absorption rate, good heat resistance, and the like, but also has only small fluctuations in dielectric constants between batches, which can satisfy the requirements for dielectric constant stability and/or thickness consistency of a substrate.