An installation for forming a compact film of particles on a surface of a carrier fluid, including a zone acting as a reservoir of carrier fluid, an inclined ramp, a particle storage and transfer zone, a mechanism moving the carrier fluid, a mechanism for dispensing the particles in solution, configured to dispense the particles on the surface of the carrier fluid in the zone acting as a reservoir, and a structure for deflecting the particles configured to favor, along a transverse direction of the installation, spreading of the particles at the outlet of the zone acting as a reservoir. The structure for deflecting particles is permeable to the carrier fluid.