Abstract:
A stabilized alkyl ester fuel is disclosed. The stabilized alkyl ester fuel comprises alkyl esters, an effective amount of an alkylalkanolamine, and an effective amount of an alkylhydroxylamine. The alkyl ester fuel is stabilized to oxidative degradation of the alkyl esters of unsaturated fatty acids found in alkyl ester fuels.
Abstract:
Compositions containing unsaturated fatty esters may be stabilized against atmospheric oxidation by the addition of an antioxidant package containing a phenolic oxidant and a nonphenolic oxygen scavenger, which may be a hydroxylamine, an amine N-oxide, an oxime, or a nitrone. If an amine N-oxide is used, it may be used with or without a phenolic antioxidant. Compositions treated in this manner show good resistance to atmospheric oxidation and resultant viscosity increase.
Abstract:
Fuels containing biodiesel, petroleum distillates, or blends of these may be treated by the addition of small amounts of one or more alkanolamines according to formula (I) R n -N(CH 2 CHR 1 OH) 3-n ; wherein n is 1 or 2, R 1 is H or CH 3 , and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and branched, linear, and cyclic C3-C24 alkyl groups, provided that at least one R is not hydrogen. Fuels treated in this manner may be less corrosive toward metals with which they are in contact.
Abstract:
An antimicrobial composition includes an effective amount of a biocide, and a biocide enhancer consisting of one or more compounds according to formula (I) and one or more compounds according to formula (II): R 1 -NH-CH 2 CHR 3 OH (I) R 2 -NH(CH 2 CHR 4 OH) 2 (II) wherein R 1 and R 2 are each individually selected from the group consisting of branched and linear C4 to C16 alkyl groups and wherein R 3 and R 4 are each individually H or methyl. Compositions incorporating these antimicrobial formulations may include treated fluids, for example organic fluids or mixtures of organic fluids and aqueous fluids. Such treated compositions may be used for metalworking or for any of a number of other applications.
Abstract:
Fuels containing biodiesel, petroleum distillates, or blends of these may be treated by the addition of small amounts of one or more alkanolamines according to formula (I) R n -N(CH 2 CHR 1 OH) 3-n ; wherein n is 1 or 2, R 1 is H or CH 3 , and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and branched, linear, and cyclic C3-C24 alkyl groups, provided that at least one R is not hydrogen. Fuels treated in this manner may be less corrosive toward metals with which they are in contact.
Abstract:
A catalyst composition for preparing polyesters comprises a titanium compound and one or more catalyst enhancers. The titanium compound may be either a titanyl compound of the formula X m TiOY o or a titanium salt of the formula X m TiY o , where each X is independently selected from the group consisting of H, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and ammonium; m=0, 1 or 2; Y is a ligand of the formula C a H b O c , wherein a=1 to 30, b=0 to 60, and c=1 to 10; and o=2, 3, or 4. The catalyst enhancer may be selected from either or both of two classes: 1) compounds selected from the group consisting of oxalate and C 1-C26 carboxylate salts of Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Be, Ca, Mg, Sr, and Ba; and 2) compounds selected from the group consisting of soluble compounds of Al, Co, Zn, and Sn.
Abstract:
Compositions containing unsaturated fatty esters may be stabilized against atmospheric oxidation by the addition of an antioxidant package containing at least onenitroxide free-radical scavenger and at least one alkylalkanolamine. Compositions treated in this manner show good resistance to atmospheric oxidation and resultant viscosity increase.An advantage of the nitroxide free-radical scavenger is that it stops the oxidation of the unsaturated fatty esters already during the initiation stage. Moreover, it is much less volatile than for example the known alkylhydroxylamine oxygen scavengers. By the use of a nitroxide free- radical scavenger, the composition can thus be stabilized for a longer period of time. The stability period is moreover less affected by the supply of oxygen to the composition. The solubility problem of the nitroxide in the fatty ester component can be solved by dissolving the nitroxide first in the alkylalkanolamine.
Abstract:
Latex paint formulations that contain at least one N-alkyldialkanolamine as the neutralizing agent and methods for their use are disclosed. N-alkyldialkanolamines provide paint formulations that have low odor, increased open time, and reduced volatile organic compounds (VOC). N-alkyldialkanolamines also aid in pigment dispersionso less pigment dispersant is required for paint formulations in which the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the formulation is 10% to 70%.
Abstract:
Latex paint formulations that contain N-n-butyl ethanolamine (BAE) as the neutralizing agent and methods for their use are disclosed. BAE provides paint formulations that have low odor, increased open time, and reduced volatile organic compounds (VOC). BAE also aids in pigment dispersion so less pigment dispersant is required for paint formulations in which the pigment volume concentration (PVC) of the formulation is 38% to 80%.
Abstract:
The invention relates to anti-skinning agents containing combinations of (a) organic or inorganic oxygen scavengers with (b) alkylamines and/or alkyl alkanolamines and also relates to compositions containing the combination, especially oxidatively drying paints or coating compositions and articles coated with such oxidatively drying paints or coating compositions.