Abstract:
The invention relates to a heat exchanger (1) which comprises a bundle of at least two heat exchanger tubes (3), wherein the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3) is aligned vertically and terminated downward by a heat exchanger tube floor (31), a heat exchanger housing (5) enclosing the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3), wherein a liquid heat transfer medium (7) circulates in the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3) in the heat exchanger housing (5), a heat exchanger hood (9) terminating the heat exchanger housing (5) upward, a heat exchanger floor (11) terminating the heat exchanger housing (5) downward, an inlet (13) into the heat exchanger (1) on the heat exchanger housing (5) for the heat transfer medium (7), an outlet (15) out of the heat exchanger (1) on the heat exchanger housing (5) for the heat transfer medium (7), and an emergency relief connection (17) which is arranged near the heat exchanger hood (9). The heat exchanger (1) is characterized in that the heat exchanger (1) has a safety device (19) which is arranged near the heat exchanger floor (11). The invention furthermore relates to a reactor arrangement (101) which comprises a reactor (27), a heat exchanger (1) connected to the reactor (27) according to the present invention and a pump (29) connected to the reactor (27) and/or the heat exchanger (1) for circulating at least one part of the liquid heat transfer medium (7). Finally, the invention relates to a method for temperature control of a reactor (27) and the use of the heat exchanger (1) according to the invention.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing a terephthalic diester by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol, wherein terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersing tank, the preliminary suspension is passed from the dispersing tank into a reactor and converted in the presence of an esterification catalyst, and water of reaction is distilled off together with the vapor as alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapor is at least partly condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, the organic phase is dewatered and the dewatered organic phase is passed at least partly into the dispersing tank.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing a diester of terephthalic acid by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol. In said method, terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersion tank, the pre-suspension is conducted from the dispersion tank into a reactor and is reacted in the presence of an esterification catalyst, a reaction suspension is drawn off from a region lying between the upper region and the lower region of the reactor, a first stream of the reaction suspension is returned to the upper region of the reactor and a second stream of the reaction suspension is introduced into the lower region of the reactor, thus intermixing said reaction suspension. The stream that has been drawn off and/or the first stream is/are conducted through a heat exchanger lying outside the reactor and is/are heated. Reaction water is distilled off with the vapours in the form of an alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapours are at least partially condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase and the organic phase is at least partially returned to the reaction system.
Abstract:
A heat exchanger (1) contains: a bundle of at least two heat exchanger tubes (3), a heat exchanger housing (5) surrounding the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3), wherein a liquid heat-transfer medium (7) is passed around the bundle of heat exchanger tubes (3) in the heat exchanger housing (5), a heat exchanger cap (9) sealing the top of the heat exchanger housing (5), a heat exchanger bottom (11) sealing the bottom of the heat exchanger housing (5), a feed point (13) for the heat-transfer medium (7), an outlet (15) for the heat-transfer medium (7), an emergency relief port (17) disposed in proximity to the heat exchanger cap (9). The heat exchanger (1) contains a safety device (19) disposed in proximity to the heat exchanger bottom (11).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing a diester of terephthalic acid by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol. In said method, terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersion tank, the pre-suspension is conducted from the dispersion tank into a reactor and is reacted in the presence of an esterification catalyst. Reaction water is distilled off with the vapors in the form of an alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapors are at least partially condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, the organic phase is dehydrated and the dehydrated organic phase is at least partially conducted into the dispersion tank.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for producing a diester of terephthalic acid by reacting terephthalic acid with at least one alcohol. In said method, terephthalic acid is suspended in the alcohol in a dispersion tank, the pre-suspension is conducted from the dispersion tank into a reactor and is reacted in the presence of an esterification catalyst. Reaction water is distilled off with the vapors in the form of an alcohol-water azeotrope, the vapors are at least partially condensed, the condensate is separated into an aqueous phase and an organic phase and the organic phase is conducted over a column in which at least part of the vapors is conducted in a counter-current to the organic phase, and the organic phase is collected in the lower region of the column and is at least partially conducted into the dispersion tank.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la producción de un diéster del ácido tereftálico mediante la reacción de ácido tereftálico con al menos un alcohol, en el cual a) se suspende en el alcohol ácido tereftálico en una cubeta de dispersión, obteniéndose una suspensión previa, b) se conduce la suspensión previa desde la cubeta de dispersión a un reactor y se hace reaccionar en presencia de un catalizador de esterificación, y c) se destila agua de reacción como azeótropo de alcohol-agua con los vapores desprendidos, se condensan al menos parcialmente los vapores desprendidos, se separa el condensado en una fase acuosa y una fase orgánica, se deshidrata la fase orgánica y se conduce la fase orgánica deshidratada al menos parcialmente a la cubeta de dispersión, y el alcohol se selecciona entre monooles C8 a C14 lineales, ramificados o cíclicos, o monooles aromáticos.
Abstract:
Procedimiento para la preparación de un diéster de ácido tereftálico mediante reacción de ácido tereftálico con al menos un alcohol, en el que a) se suspende ácido tereftálico en un recipiente de dispersión en el alcohol, obteniéndose una suspensión previa, b) la suspensión previa se conduce desde el recipiente de dispersión hacia un reactor y se hace reaccionar en presencia de un catalizador de esterificación, c) una suspensión de reacción se retira de una zona situada entre la zona superior y la zona inferior del reactor, la suspensión de reacción retirada se divide, un primer flujo de la suspensión de reacción se reconduce a la zona superior del reactor y un segundo flujo de la suspensión de reacción se introduce en la zona inferior del reactor y mezcla así la suspensión de reacción, d) en el que se conduce el flujo retirado y/o el primer flujo por un intercambiador de calor situado fuera del reactor y se calienta; y e) se separa por destilación agua de reacción como azeótropo de alcohol-agua con los vapores, se condensan los vapores al menos parcialmente, el condensado se separa en una fase acuosa y una fase orgánica y se reconduce la fase orgánica al menos parcialmente en el sistema de reacción.