Abstract:
A flat panel display having a backplate structure (330), a faceplate structure (320), and a spacer (340) situated between the two plate structures is configured so that the electric potential field along the spacer approximates the potential field that would be present at the same location in free space, i.e., in the absence of the spacer, between the two plate structures. Consequently, the presence of the spacer does not significantly affect the trajectories of electrons moving from the backplate structure to the faceplate structures. Alternatively, the spacer is arranged to produce electron deflection that largely compensates for undesired electron deflection which occurs during earlier electron travel from the backplate structure to the faceplate structure. The net electron deflection is small.
Abstract:
Scattered or/and transmitted light is employed to determine characteristics, including dimensional information, of an object (60) such as part (10) of a flat-panel display. The dimensional information includes the average diameter of openings (62) in the object, the average density of the openings, and the average thickness of a layer (64) of the object. Light-diffraction patterns are produced to determine characteristics, such as abnormalities (146 and 148), of crossing lines (140 and 142) in such an object.