Abstract:
Catalysts comprising a silica molecular sieve modified by a metal which forms acidic oxides selected from the group consisting of Group VIB and VIIB elements and, a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst wherein the ratio of zeolite to Fischer-Tropsch component is from 0.1 to 10:1 can be employed to produce gasoline quality liquid hydrocarbons from synthesis gas. A process is employed which includes the step of contacting synthesis gas having a ratio of hydrogen to carbon oxides of from 0.1 to 10.0:1 over the foregoing catalyst at a reaction temperature of from 100 . C to 500°C and at a pressure of from one atmosphere (0.1 MPa) to 200 atmospheres (20 MPa) and at a gas hourly space velocity of from 10 to 100,000. A method is also provided for the preparation of the combination catalyst. The liquid hydrocarbon product is highly aromatic, essentially free of external olefins and totally free of detectable oxygenates.
Abstract:
Catalysts particularly effective in the oxidation of n-butane, n-butenes, 1,3 butadiene and mixtures thereof with molecular oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas in the vapor phase to produce maleic anhydride comprise an essentially inert, at least partially porous support to which is adhered on its outer surface, catalytically active mixed oxides of vanadium and phosphorus or of vanadium, phosphorus and uranium in an amount greater than 50% to about 80% by weight of the combined support and active oxide.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a fluid bed vinyl acetate (VAM) catalyst comprising impregnating a support comprising a mixture of substantially inert microspheroidal particles with a solution comprising a halide-free metal salt of Pd and M, wherein M comprises Ba, Au, La, Nb, Ce, Zn, Pb, Ca, Sr, Sb or mixtures thereof, reducing the metal salts to form a deposit of Pd and M on the support surface and impregnating the support with at least one halide-free alkali metal salt. At least 50% of the particles used for the microspheroidal support have a particle size below 100 microns, preferably below 60 microns. The pore volume of these particles is from 0.2 to 0.7cm³/g and the surface area is from 100 to 200 m²/g.
Abstract:
A process for the preparation of a fluid bed vinyl acetate (VAM) catalyst comprising impregnating a support comprising a mixture of substantially inert microspheroidal particles with a solution comprising a halide-free metal salt of Pd and M, wherein M comprises Ba, Au, La, Nb, Ce, Zn, Pb, Ca, Sr, Sb or mixtures thereof, reducing the metal salts to form a deposit of Pd and M on the support surface and impregnating the support with at least one halide-free alkali metal salt. At least 50% of the particles used for the microspheroidal support have a particle size below 100 microns, preferably below 60 microns. The pore volume of these particles is from 0.2 to 0.7cm³/g and the surface area is from 100 to 200 m²/g.
Abstract:
A process of producing a fluid bed oxacylation catalyst for olefins and diolefins having the following formula Pd-M-A where
M = Ba, Au, Cd, Bi, Cu, Mn, Fe, Co, Ce, U or mixtures thereof, A = an alkali metal or mixture thereof, and M is present in the range of from 0 to 5 wt%, A is present in the range of greater than 0 to 10 wt%, comprising milling a fixed bed oxacylation catalyst precursor comprising Pd-M on a fixed support with a fluid bed catalyst binder material to form a uniform slurry, drying the slurry to form microspheroidal particles of solid fluid bed catalyst precursor and optionally impregnating the microspheroidal particles with a solution of alkali metal salt to form the fluid bed catalyst. The catalyst is particularly useful in the manufacture of vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen.
Abstract:
A fluid bed process for the manufacture of vinyl acetate from ethylene, acetic acid and oxygen comprising feeding ethylene and acetic acid into a fluid bed reactor through one or more inlets, introducing the oxygen into the reactor through at least one further inlet, co-joining the oxygen, ethylene and acetic acid in the reactor in contact with a fluid bed catalyst to produce vinyl acetate. The particle size diameter of the particulate catalyst material preferably has a range of 60% of the particles being below 200 microns (0.2 mm) with no more than 40% of the particles being below 40 microns (0.04 mm).